Video scratching
Encyclopedia
Video scratching is a video editing
technique used within the music industry. It is a variation of the audio editing technique scratching
.
It is typically used in either music videos or live performances, with one or more individuals manipulating a video sample to make it follow the rhythm of whatever music is playing.
was an early pioneer of video art
and created pieces like 1964's TV Cello which combined live performance with video and music. It was a theme they'd return to over the years and Good Morning, Mr. Orwell
recreated TV Cello as part of a larger, global performance.
The group Emergency Broadcast Network
are considered to be pioneers of the technique, popularizing it during the 1990s. Examples include The Edge
's performance of "Numb" at the 1993 MTV Video Music Awards
, and the wraparound nominee announcements and package design for the 1998 ceremony.
The British art collective Gorilla Tapes
, comprising Gavin Hodge, Tim Morrison
and John Dovey
, developed a body of scratch video art work, also to much critical acclaim, during the early to mid 1980s. Their seminal 1984 work Death Valley Days
reflects upon the stifling atmosphere of the Cold War
years and has been exhibited at a number of prestigious venues including Tate Britain
where one of the video's fours sections entitled Commander in Chief was included in the 2003 Tate exhibition A Century of Artists Film in Britain.
U2's Zoo TV Tour
in the early 1990s, used a range of multimedia including live mixing of a range of video, both live and pre-recorded.
Currently, Coldcut
make heavy use of live video mixing and have even created software, called VJamm, to help with the process.
New York artists Bruno Levy, Jack Hazard and Richie Lau composed Squaresquare in late 2001.
Kutiman
quickly became famous for video scratching with his work using YouTube videos in 2009http://blog.wired.com/underwire/2009/03/kutimans-pionee.html.
Video editing
The term video editing can refer to:* Linear video editing, using video tape* Non-linear editing system , using computers with video editing software* Offline editing* Online editing...
technique used within the music industry. It is a variation of the audio editing technique scratching
Scratching
Scratching is a DJ or turntablist technique used to produce distinctive sounds by moving a vinyl record back and forth on a turntable while optionally manipulating the crossfader on a DJ mixer. While scratching is most commonly associated with hip hop music, since the late 1980s, it has been used...
.
It is typically used in either music videos or live performances, with one or more individuals manipulating a video sample to make it follow the rhythm of whatever music is playing.
History
Nam June PaikNam June Paik
Nam June Paik was a Korean American artist. He worked with a variety of media and is considered to be the first video artist....
was an early pioneer of video art
Video art
Video art is a type of art which relies on moving pictures and comprises video and/or audio data. . Video art came into existence during the 1960s and 1970s, is still widely practiced and has given rise to the widespread use of video installations...
and created pieces like 1964's TV Cello which combined live performance with video and music. It was a theme they'd return to over the years and Good Morning, Mr. Orwell
Good Morning, Mr. Orwell
"Good Morning, Mr. Orwell" was the first international satellite "installation" by Nam June Paik, a South Korean-born American artist often credited with inventing video art...
recreated TV Cello as part of a larger, global performance.
The group Emergency Broadcast Network
Emergency Broadcast Network
Emergency Broadcast Network is the name of a multimedia performance group formed in 1991 that took its name from the Emergency Broadcast System. The founders were Rhode Island School of Design graduates Joshua Pearson, Gardner Post and Brian Kane . Kane left EBN in 1992...
are considered to be pioneers of the technique, popularizing it during the 1990s. Examples include The Edge
The Edge
David Howell Evans , more widely known by his stage name The Edge , is a musician best known as the guitarist, backing vocalist, and keyboardist of the Irish rock band U2. A member of the group since its inception, he has recorded 12 studio albums with the band and has released one solo record...
's performance of "Numb" at the 1993 MTV Video Music Awards
MTV Video Music Awards
An MTV Video Music Award , is an award presented by the cable channel MTV to honor the best in music videos...
, and the wraparound nominee announcements and package design for the 1998 ceremony.
The British art collective Gorilla Tapes
Gorilla Tapes
Gorilla Tapes was the collective name of British Scratch Video artists Jon Dovey , Gavin Hodge and Tim Morrison . 'Scratch' is the art of 'sampling' and repeating found images and sounds, thereby making a new work...
, comprising Gavin Hodge, Tim Morrison
Tim Morrison
Timothy Morrison is a former American football cornerback in the National Football League for the Washington Redskins. He played college football at the University of North Carolina....
and John Dovey
John Dovey
John Dovey was the co-owner of the Boston Doves of the National League with his bother George Dovey from through , and later sole principal owner for the season. In 1907, the Dovey brothers purchased the club from Arthur Soden. After becoming principal owner upon the death of his brother in...
, developed a body of scratch video art work, also to much critical acclaim, during the early to mid 1980s. Their seminal 1984 work Death Valley Days
Death Valley Days
Death Valley Days is an American radio and television anthology series featuring true stories of the old American West, particularly the Death Valley area. Created in 1930 by Ruth Woodman, the program was broadcast on radio until 1945. It continued from 1952 to 1975 as a syndicated television series...
reflects upon the stifling atmosphere of the Cold War
Cold War
The Cold War was the continuing state from roughly 1946 to 1991 of political conflict, military tension, proxy wars, and economic competition between the Communist World—primarily the Soviet Union and its satellite states and allies—and the powers of the Western world, primarily the United States...
years and has been exhibited at a number of prestigious venues including Tate Britain
Tate Britain
Tate Britain is an art gallery situated on Millbank in London, and part of the Tate gallery network in Britain, with Tate Modern, Tate Liverpool and Tate St Ives. It is the oldest gallery in the network, opening in 1897. It houses a substantial collection of the works of J. M. W. Turner.-History:It...
where one of the video's fours sections entitled Commander in Chief was included in the 2003 Tate exhibition A Century of Artists Film in Britain.
U2's Zoo TV Tour
Zoo TV Tour
The Zoo TV Tour was a worldwide concert tour by rock band U2. Staged in support of their 1991 album Achtung Baby, the tour visited arenas and stadiums from 1992 through 1993...
in the early 1990s, used a range of multimedia including live mixing of a range of video, both live and pre-recorded.
Currently, Coldcut
Coldcut
Coldcut are an English dance music duo, comprising Matt Black and Jonathan More. Their signature style is electronic dance music, featuring cut up samples of hip hop, breaks, jazz, spoken word and various other types of music, as well as video and multimedia.-1980s:In 1986, computer programmer Matt...
make heavy use of live video mixing and have even created software, called VJamm, to help with the process.
New York artists Bruno Levy, Jack Hazard and Richie Lau composed Squaresquare in late 2001.
Kutiman
Kutiman
Ophir Kutiel , professionally known as Kutiman, is a musician, composer, producer and animator from Israel. He is best known for creating the online music video project ThruYOU, as well as his self-titled album and collaboration with many artists including Maroon 5.-Background:Ophir Kutiel was...
quickly became famous for video scratching with his work using YouTube videos in 2009http://blog.wired.com/underwire/2009/03/kutimans-pionee.html.
External links
- Scratch Video & TV Sampling by James HymanJames HymanJames Hyman is a DJ, Radio & TV presenter, music supervisor and MD of JLH, a creative media–marketing company.Hyman put aside his place at the University of Manchester in order to work in the Press office of the, then new, company MTV, despite his parents' misgivings James Hyman (born 18 April...
- Scratch Video segment [Dead link as of 2010-10-13.]
- Sebastian Macchia Visual Turntablist