Virginia Haviland
Encyclopedia
Virginia Haviland was an authority in children's literature and specialized in fairy tales. She is best known for her Favorite Fairy Tale
s series, featuring 16 countries.
Born in Rochester, New York, to William J. Haviland and Bertha M. Esten, she grew up mainly in Massachusetts. During her childhood, she traveled abroad and spent time with two aunts who entertained international visitors in their home. The early influence of contact with international visitors may have influenced her adult interest in traveling and working with international colleagues.
She became a children's librarian in 1934 for the Boston Public Library, under the tutelage of Alice Jordan, founder of children's services there. She was a branch librarian and children's librarian at Boston from 1948 to 1952, and a reader's advisor for children from 1952 to 1963. She studied folklore under Albert B. Lord at Hartford. In 1949 she gave the New England Library Association's Hewins Lecture for research in the history of children's literature about nineteenth-century travel books for children, and taught Library Service to Children and Reading Guidance for Children at Simmons College School of Library Science from 1957 to 1962 where there is now a Virginia Haviland Scholarship. She also reviewed for The Horn Book Magazine for about thirty years.
She was the chair of the Children's Services Division of the American Library Association (ALA) from 1954 to 1955, and as such attended conferences of the International Board on Books for Children (now called the International Board on Books for Young People), the International Federation of Library Associations, and the Institutions Roundtable for Children's Literature Documentation Centers.
She was also chair of the Newbery-Caldecott Award Committee of the ALA from 1953–1954, and held positions of authority in other national and international professional organizations, including positions on many committees and juries that selected outstanding children's books. Her "credo was 'The right book for the right child at the right time.' She had high standards by which to judge children's literature and also accepted newer forms."
She judged the New York Herald Tribune Children's Spring Book Festival Awards from 1955 to 1957, as well as the International Hans Christian Andersen Award, the Book World Children's Spring Book Festival Awards, and the National Book Awards (1969). She was instrumental in beginning the Washington Post Children's Book Guild Nonfiction Award.
In 1962 she was invited down to Washington D.C. to found the Center for Children's Literature at the Library of Congress. She became its first Head in 1963, and worked for the Library of Congress until her retirement in 1981.
In 1985, Little, Brown and Company also published a single-volume sampling of her series called Favorite Fairy Tales Told Around the World.
"for continuous distinguished contribution to children's literature" from the Catholic Library Association in 1976, and the Grolier Award for "unusual contributions to the stimulation and guidance of reading by children and young people" by the ALA that same year. The ALA would also give her an Honorary Life Membership in 1982 "for her many accomplishments on behalf of children and for those professionals who work with children in the United States and throughout the world ... the Association joins her colleagues who have bestowed upon her the rank of Ambassador for Children's Books."
Her "interest and participation in the international arena was ahead of her time and gave the United States an established place in international children's library and literature organizations. She left a worthy legacy for children's literature at the Library of Congress at the culmination of her career."
A list of her memberships:
wrote: "She was funny, acerbic, brilliant, and did not suffer fools at all. She was also gracious, never condescending, and saw her calling (as a librarian) as one of the highest callings of all. Her knowledge of American and British children's literature—and folklore in particular—was encyclopedic. It's been years since she died, but I still think of her."
Fairy tale
A fairy tale is a type of short story that typically features such folkloric characters, such as fairies, goblins, elves, trolls, dwarves, giants or gnomes, and usually magic or enchantments. However, only a small number of the stories refer to fairies...
s series, featuring 16 countries.
Born in Rochester, New York, to William J. Haviland and Bertha M. Esten, she grew up mainly in Massachusetts. During her childhood, she traveled abroad and spent time with two aunts who entertained international visitors in their home. The early influence of contact with international visitors may have influenced her adult interest in traveling and working with international colleagues.
Education and career
Virginia Haviland held a BA in economics and mathematics from Cornell University (1933).She became a children's librarian in 1934 for the Boston Public Library, under the tutelage of Alice Jordan, founder of children's services there. She was a branch librarian and children's librarian at Boston from 1948 to 1952, and a reader's advisor for children from 1952 to 1963. She studied folklore under Albert B. Lord at Hartford. In 1949 she gave the New England Library Association's Hewins Lecture for research in the history of children's literature about nineteenth-century travel books for children, and taught Library Service to Children and Reading Guidance for Children at Simmons College School of Library Science from 1957 to 1962 where there is now a Virginia Haviland Scholarship. She also reviewed for The Horn Book Magazine for about thirty years.
She was the chair of the Children's Services Division of the American Library Association (ALA) from 1954 to 1955, and as such attended conferences of the International Board on Books for Children (now called the International Board on Books for Young People), the International Federation of Library Associations, and the Institutions Roundtable for Children's Literature Documentation Centers.
She was also chair of the Newbery-Caldecott Award Committee of the ALA from 1953–1954, and held positions of authority in other national and international professional organizations, including positions on many committees and juries that selected outstanding children's books. Her "credo was 'The right book for the right child at the right time.' She had high standards by which to judge children's literature and also accepted newer forms."
She judged the New York Herald Tribune Children's Spring Book Festival Awards from 1955 to 1957, as well as the International Hans Christian Andersen Award, the Book World Children's Spring Book Festival Awards, and the National Book Awards (1969). She was instrumental in beginning the Washington Post Children's Book Guild Nonfiction Award.
In 1962 she was invited down to Washington D.C. to found the Center for Children's Literature at the Library of Congress. She became its first Head in 1963, and worked for the Library of Congress until her retirement in 1981.
Favorite Fairy Tales Around the World series
In the 1950s, Virginia Haviland was a pioneer in attempting to collect international fairy tales into a series of volumes that were more accessible to children. While still a Boston librarian, Haviland submitted a proposal for her Favorite Fairy Tales series to Little, Brown and Company, who accepted and published her books in hard cover ca 1959 - 1971. The books were republished in tradeback by Beech Tree in the mid-90's. To compile her series, Virginia Haviland traveled around the world meeting with librarians, authors, and authorities in fairy tales. The collection includes:- Favorite Fairy Tales Told in France. Retold from Charles PerraultCharles PerraultCharles Perrault was a French author who laid the foundations for a new literary genre, the fairy tale, with his works derived from pre-existing folk tales. The best known include Le Petit Chaperon rouge , Cendrillon , Le Chat Botté and La Barbe bleue...
and other French storytellers. - Favorite Fairy Tales Told in England. Retold from Joseph JacobsJoseph JacobsJoseph Jacobs was a folklorist, literary critic and historian. His works included contributions to the Jewish Encyclopaedia, translations of European works, and critical editions of early English literature...
. - Favorite Fairy Tales Told in Russia. Retold from Russian Storytellers.
- Favorite Fairy Tales Told in India.
- Favorite Fairy Tales Told in Germany. Retold from the Brothers GrimmBrothers GrimmThe Brothers Grimm , Jacob Grimm and Wilhelm Grimm , were German academics, linguists, cultural researchers, and authors who collected folklore and published several collections of it as Grimm's Fairy Tales, which became very popular...
. - Favorite Fairy Tales Told in Sweden.
- Favorite Fairy Tales Told in Poland.
- Favorite Fairy Tales Told in Spain.
- Favorite Fairy Tales Told in Ireland. Retold from Irish Storytellers.
- Favorite Fairy Tales Told in Czechoslovakia.
- Favorite Fairy Tales Told in Scotland.
- Favorite Fairy Tales Told in Denmark.
- Favorite Fairy Tales Told in Japan.
- Favorite Fairy Tales Told in Greece.
- Favorite Fairy Tales Told in Italy.
- Favorite Fairy Tales Told in Norway. Retold from Norse Folklore.
In 1985, Little, Brown and Company also published a single-volume sampling of her series called Favorite Fairy Tales Told Around the World.
Other Books
- Haviland, Virginia (ed). The Fairy Tale Treasury. Illustrated by Raymond Briggs. London: Hamish Hamilton, c1972.
- Andersen, Hans ChristianHans Christian AndersenHans Christian Andersen was a Danish author, fairy tale writer, and poet noted for his children's stories. These include "The Steadfast Tin Soldier," "The Snow Queen," "The Little Mermaid," "Thumbelina," "The Little Match Girl," and "The Ugly Duckling."...
. The Complete Fairy Tales and Stories. Translated by Eric Christian Haugaard. Foreword by Virginia Haviland. New York: Doubleday & Co., c1974. - Haviland, Virginia (ed). The Openhearted Audience: Ten Authors Talk about Writing for Children. Washington DC: Library of Congress, c1980. (Featuring: Introduction by Virginia Haviland; "Only Connect" by P.L. Travers; "Questions to an Artist Who Is Also an Author" (an interview of Maurice SendakMaurice SendakMaurice Bernard Sendak is an American writer and illustrator of children's literature. He is best known for his book Where the Wild Things Are, published in 1963.-Early life:...
by Virginia Haviland); "Between Family and Fantasy: An Author's Perspectives on Children's Books" by Joan AikenJoan AikenJoan Delano Aiken MBE was an English novelist. She was born in Rye, East Sussex, into a family of writers, including her father, American poet Conrad Aiken , her sister, Jane Aiken Hodge and her brother John Aiken Joan Delano Aiken MBE (4 September 1924 – 4 January 2004) was an English novelist....
; "Portrait of a Poet: Hans Christian AndersenHans Christian AndersenHans Christian Andersen was a Danish author, fairy tale writer, and poet noted for his children's stories. These include "The Steadfast Tin Soldier," "The Snow Queen," "The Little Mermaid," "Thumbelina," "The Little Match Girl," and "The Ugly Duckling."...
and His Fairy Tales" by Erik Christian HaugaardErik Christian HaugaardErik Christian Haugaard was a Danish born author principally of children's books.-Biography:Erik Christian Haugaard was born in Frederiksberg, Denmark. He came to the United States in 1940 after fleeing the Nazi invasion of Denmark, and later served in the Royal Canadian Air Force during World...
; "Sources and Responses" by Ivan Southall; "The Child and the Shadow" by Ursula K. Le GuinUrsula K. Le GuinUrsula Kroeber Le Guin is an American author. She has written novels, poetry, children's books, essays, and short stories, notably in fantasy and science fiction...
; "Illusion and Relatiy" by Virginia Hamilton; "Under Two Hats" by John Rowe Townsend; "Into Something Rich and Strange: Of Dreams, Art, and the Unconscious" by Eleanor Cameron; and "The Lords of Time" by Jill Paton Walsh.) - Haviland, Virginia and Margaret N. Coughlan. Yankee Doodle's Literary Sampler of Prose, Poetry & Pictures: Being an Anthology of Diverse Works Published for the Edification and/or Entertainment of Young Readers in America Before 1900. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, c1974.
- Haviland, Virginia (ed). North American Legends. New York: Putnam Pub Group Juv, c1981. / (Faber Book of...) London: Faber & Faber, c1979.
- Haviland, Virginia (ed). Children & Poetry: A Selective Annotated Bibliography. Washington DC: Library of Congress, c1969.
- Haviland, Virginia. William PennWilliam PennWilliam Penn was an English real estate entrepreneur, philosopher, and founder of the Province of Pennsylvania, the English North American colony and the future Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. He was an early champion of democracy and religious freedom, notable for his good relations and successful...
: Founder and Friend. New York: Abingdon-Cokesbury Press, c1952. - Haviland, Virginia. Children and Literature Views and Reviews. Scott, Foresman, c1973.
- Haviland, Virginia. The Stone of Fictory and Other Tales of Padraic Colum. New York: McGraw Hill, c1966.
- Bechtel, Louise Seaman. Books in Search of Children - Speeches and Essays by Louise Seaman Bechtel. Edited by Virginia Haviland. New York: MacMillan, c1969 / London: Hamish Hamilton, c1970.
- Elleman, Barbara and Virginia Haviland. Children's Books of International Interest. Chicago: American Library Association, c1972.
- Haviland, Virginia. Children's Literature - A Guide to Reference Sources. Washington DC: Library of Congress, c1966.
- Haviland, Virginia. Ruth Sawyer, a Walck Monograph. New York: Henry Z. Walck, c1965.
- Field, Carolyn W., Virginia Haviland, Elizabeth Nesbitt. Subject Collections in Children's Literature. American Library Association. Committee on National Planning for Special Collections of Children's Books. New York: R.R. Bowker and Co., c1969.
- Haviland, Virginia and Margaret N. Coughland. Samuel Langhorne Clemens, a Centennial for Tom Sawyer, an Annotated Selected Bibliography. Washington DC: Library of Congress, c1976.
- Haviland, Virginia (ed). The Best Children's Books: 1964-1978 With 1979 Addenda. Illustrated by Debbie Dieneman. New York: University Press Books, c1981.
- Blishen, Edward and Nancy. A Treasury of Stories For Five Year Olds. Illustrated by Polly Noakes. (Includes "The Cat and the Parrot" by Virginia Haviland.) New York: Kingfisher, c1989.
Awards and Memberships
Virginia Haviland was awarded the Regina MedalRegina Medal
The Regina Medal is an American Literary award of the Catholic Library Association. It was established in 1959 to recognize "continued, distinguished contribution to children’s literature without regard to the nature of the contribution"....
"for continuous distinguished contribution to children's literature" from the Catholic Library Association in 1976, and the Grolier Award for "unusual contributions to the stimulation and guidance of reading by children and young people" by the ALA that same year. The ALA would also give her an Honorary Life Membership in 1982 "for her many accomplishments on behalf of children and for those professionals who work with children in the United States and throughout the world ... the Association joins her colleagues who have bestowed upon her the rank of Ambassador for Children's Books."
Her "interest and participation in the international arena was ahead of her time and gave the United States an established place in international children's library and literature organizations. She left a worthy legacy for children's literature at the Library of Congress at the culmination of her career."
A list of her memberships:
- International Board on Books for Children (member of executive board)
- International Federation of Library Associations (member of executive committee)
- P.E.N.
- Authors Guild
- Authors League of America (the parent of the Author's Guild)
- American Library Association (chairman of Children's Library Association, 1954-55 Chairman of Book Evaluation Committee, 1962–63)
- National Council of Administrative Women in Education
- National Society of Women Geographers
- District of Columbia Library Association
- Washington Children's Book Guild
- Pi Lambda Theta
In Memory
In a note to author C.S. Haviland (Virginia Haviland's 4th cousin once removed), fellow Regina Medal winning fantasy author Jane YolenJane Yolen
Jane Hyatt Yolen is an American author and editor of almost 300 books. These include folklore, fantasy, science fiction, and children's books...
wrote: "She was funny, acerbic, brilliant, and did not suffer fools at all. She was also gracious, never condescending, and saw her calling (as a librarian) as one of the highest callings of all. Her knowledge of American and British children's literature—and folklore in particular—was encyclopedic. It's been years since she died, but I still think of her."