Vivi Krogh
Encyclopedia
Vivi Krogh is a Norwegian
former leader of the anti-immigration group Organisasjon mot skadelig innvandring i Norge. She was in 1981 convicted for anti-Islamic hate speech
by the Norwegian Supreme Court
under Norway's so-called "racism paragraph" (§ 135a), and received a suspended 60-day sentence.
on 1 October 1980, her statements included that "Islam
is just Hitler
with another make-up", and "the Jews
are my best friends". She was met by two to three hundred counter-demonstrators who chanted slogans against racism
.
, and for opposing the immigration to Norway of guest workers from Islamic countries. She had distributed three different flyers, in a total 16,000 copies. She was initially convicted to a 120 days suspended sentence, but after an appeal to the Supreme Court
got the sentence reduced to 60 days. The Supreme Court noted that attacks on Islamic religion and culture was not covered by § 135a. She was defended by Erik Gjems-Onstad
. According to herself in her appeal, her main concern was to stop the immigration of guest workers from Islamic countries, to fight the growth of Islam; including to work against the plans of the building of a Mosque
in Oslo
.
Norway
Norway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic unitary constitutional monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jan Mayen, and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard and Bouvet Island. Norway has a total area of and a population of about 4.9 million...
former leader of the anti-immigration group Organisasjon mot skadelig innvandring i Norge. She was in 1981 convicted for anti-Islamic hate speech
Hate speech
Hate speech is, outside the law, any communication that disparages a person or a group on the basis of some characteristic such as race, color, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, nationality, religion, or other characteristic....
by the Norwegian Supreme Court
Supreme Court of Norway
The Supreme Court of Norway was established in 1815 on the basis of the Constitution of Norway's §88, prescribing an independent judiciary. It is located in Oslo and is Norway's highest court...
under Norway's so-called "racism paragraph" (§ 135a), and received a suspended 60-day sentence.
Organisasjon mot skadelig innvandring i Norge
Krogh founded the Organisasjon mot skadelig innvandring i Norge (Organisation against harmful immigration in Norway) in 1978. At a demonstration she held alone as leader of the organisation in SandvikaSandvika
is the administrative centre of the municipality of Bærum in Norway. It was declared a city by the municipal council in Bærum on 4 June 2003.Sandvika is situated approximately west of Oslo. It is the main transportation hub for Western Bærum, and has a combined bus and railway station. Sandvika is...
on 1 October 1980, her statements included that "Islam
Islam
Islam . The most common are and . : Arabic pronunciation varies regionally. The first vowel ranges from ~~. The second vowel ranges from ~~~...
is just Hitler
Adolf Hitler
Adolf Hitler was an Austrian-born German politician and the leader of the National Socialist German Workers Party , commonly referred to as the Nazi Party). He was Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945, and head of state from 1934 to 1945...
with another make-up", and "the Jews
Jews
The Jews , also known as the Jewish people, are a nation and ethnoreligious group originating in the Israelites or Hebrews of the Ancient Near East. The Jewish ethnicity, nationality, and religion are strongly interrelated, as Judaism is the traditional faith of the Jewish nation...
are my best friends". She was met by two to three hundred counter-demonstrators who chanted slogans against racism
Racism
Racism is the belief that inherent different traits in human racial groups justify discrimination. In the modern English language, the term "racism" is used predominantly as a pejorative epithet. It is applied especially to the practice or advocacy of racial discrimination of a pernicious nature...
.
Conviction
She was in 1981 convicted under § 135a for having spread flyers that included strong criticism of IslamCriticism of Islam
Criticism of Islam has existed since Islam's formative stages. Early written criticism came from Christians, prior to the ninth century, many of whom viewed Islam as a radical Christian heresy...
, and for opposing the immigration to Norway of guest workers from Islamic countries. She had distributed three different flyers, in a total 16,000 copies. She was initially convicted to a 120 days suspended sentence, but after an appeal to the Supreme Court
Supreme Court of Norway
The Supreme Court of Norway was established in 1815 on the basis of the Constitution of Norway's §88, prescribing an independent judiciary. It is located in Oslo and is Norway's highest court...
got the sentence reduced to 60 days. The Supreme Court noted that attacks on Islamic religion and culture was not covered by § 135a. She was defended by Erik Gjems-Onstad
Erik Gjems-Onstad
Erik-Ørn Gjems-Onstad, MBE was a Norwegian resistance member, officer, lawyer, politician and anti-immigration activist. When Nazi Germany invaded Norway in 1940, Gjems-Onstad travelled to England to join the Norwegian resistance movement...
. According to herself in her appeal, her main concern was to stop the immigration of guest workers from Islamic countries, to fight the growth of Islam; including to work against the plans of the building of a Mosque
Mosque
A mosque is a place of worship for followers of Islam. The word is likely to have entered the English language through French , from Portuguese , from Spanish , and from Berber , ultimately originating in — . The Arabic word masjid literally means a place of prostration...
in Oslo
Oslo
Oslo is a municipality, as well as the capital and most populous city in Norway. As a municipality , it was established on 1 January 1838. Founded around 1048 by King Harald III of Norway, the city was largely destroyed by fire in 1624. The city was moved under the reign of Denmark–Norway's King...
.