Wang Ruowang
Encyclopedia
Wang Ruowang born as Shouhua (寿华) but more popularly known from his pen name Ruowang, was a Chinese
author
and dissident
who was imprisoned various times for political reasons by both the Kuomintang
and the Communist government of China
He was a member of the Chinese Communist Party from 1937 to 1957, when he was expelled for "rightist views" and from 1979 to 1987, when he was expelled as an opponent of the Four Cardinal Principles
by Deng Xiaoping
. After his death in exile in New York City
, the Dalai Lama described him as a "Freedom Fighter".
Wang was one of the three main leaders who, in December 1986, organized student demonstrations in a over a dozen Chinese cities in order to agitate for greater economic and political freedoms. (The other two senior leaders were Fang Lizhi
and Liu Binyan
). Deng Xiaoping
disliked all three leaders; and, after two straight weeks of student demonstrations, directed then-CCP General Secretary Hu Yaobang
to expel them from the Party, but Hu refused. Because of his refusal, Hu was dismissed from his position as General Secretary in January 1987, effectively ending his period of influence within the Chinese government.
Chinese literature
Chinese literature extends thousands of years, from the earliest recorded dynastic court archives to the mature fictional novels that arose during the Ming Dynasty to entertain the masses of literate Chinese...
author
Author
An author is broadly defined as "the person who originates or gives existence to anything" and that authorship determines responsibility for what is created. Narrowly defined, an author is the originator of any written work.-Legal significance:...
and dissident
Dissident
A dissident, broadly defined, is a person who actively challenges an established doctrine, policy, or institution. When dissidents unite for a common cause they often effect a dissident movement....
who was imprisoned various times for political reasons by both the Kuomintang
Kuomintang
The Kuomintang of China , sometimes romanized as Guomindang via the Pinyin transcription system or GMD for short, and translated as the Chinese Nationalist Party is a founding and ruling political party of the Republic of China . Its guiding ideology is the Three Principles of the People, espoused...
and the Communist government of China
He was a member of the Chinese Communist Party from 1937 to 1957, when he was expelled for "rightist views" and from 1979 to 1987, when he was expelled as an opponent of the Four Cardinal Principles
Four Cardinal Principles
The Four Cardinal Principles were stated by Deng Xiaoping in 1979 and are the four issues for which debate was not allowed within the People's Republic of China...
by Deng Xiaoping
Deng Xiaoping
Deng Xiaoping was a Chinese politician, statesman, and diplomat. As leader of the Communist Party of China, Deng was a reformer who led China towards a market economy...
. After his death in exile in New York City
New York City
New York is the most populous city in the United States and the center of the New York Metropolitan Area, one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world. New York exerts a significant impact upon global commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and...
, the Dalai Lama described him as a "Freedom Fighter".
Wang was one of the three main leaders who, in December 1986, organized student demonstrations in a over a dozen Chinese cities in order to agitate for greater economic and political freedoms. (The other two senior leaders were Fang Lizhi
Fang Lizhi
Fang Lizhi is a professor of astrophysics and former vice-president of the University of Science and Technology of China whose liberal ideas inspired the pro-democracy student movement of 1986-87 and, finally, the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989...
and Liu Binyan
Liu Binyan
Liu Binyan was a Chinese author and journalist, as well as a political dissident.Many of the events in Liu's life are recounted in his memoir, A Higher Kind of Loyalty.-Early life:...
). Deng Xiaoping
Deng Xiaoping
Deng Xiaoping was a Chinese politician, statesman, and diplomat. As leader of the Communist Party of China, Deng was a reformer who led China towards a market economy...
disliked all three leaders; and, after two straight weeks of student demonstrations, directed then-CCP General Secretary Hu Yaobang
Hu Yaobang
Hu Yaobang was a leader of the People's Republic of China who served as both Chairman and Party General Secretary. Hu joined the Chinese Communist Party in the 1930s, and rose to prominence as a comrade of Deng Xiaoping...
to expel them from the Party, but Hu refused. Because of his refusal, Hu was dismissed from his position as General Secretary in January 1987, effectively ending his period of influence within the Chinese government.
Works
- Hunger Trilogy, translated by Kyna Rubin with Ira Kasoff. ISBN 087332739X. Review at NY Times