Worst Form Hazards faced by Children at Work
Encyclopedia
The Worst Form Hazards faced by Children at Work is a provision in the Worst Forms of Child Labour Recommendation (No. 190)
adopted by the International Labour Organization
in 1999, which sets out the framework for each ratifying country
's specific examination of and the criteria they use to determine "work which, by its nature or the cicumstances in which it is carried out, is likely to harm the health, safety, or morals or children" (C182
, Article 3d). This effort is an attempt to compliment the Pre-defined worst forms of child labour. Hazardous conditions are said to be faced by over 250 million child
ren world
wide, though the actual overall figures are likely significantly higher than these estimates.
Worst Forms of Child Labour Recommendation
The Worst Forms of Child Labour Recommendation was adopted by the International Labour Organisation in 1999 as ILO Recommendation No 190. The provisions of this Recommendation supplement those of the Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention and should be applied in conjunction with them...
adopted by the International Labour Organization
International Labour Organization
The International Labour Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations that deals with labour issues pertaining to international labour standards. Its headquarters are in Geneva, Switzerland. Its secretariat — the people who are employed by it throughout the world — is known as the...
in 1999, which sets out the framework for each ratifying country
Country
A country is a region legally identified as a distinct entity in political geography. A country may be an independent sovereign state or one that is occupied by another state, as a non-sovereign or formerly sovereign political division, or a geographic region associated with a previously...
's specific examination of and the criteria they use to determine "work which, by its nature or the cicumstances in which it is carried out, is likely to harm the health, safety, or morals or children" (C182
Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention
The Convention concerning the Prohibition and Immediate Action for the Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labour, known in short as the Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, was adopted by the International Labour Organization in 1999 as ILO Convention No 182. It is one of 8 ILO fundamental...
, Article 3d). This effort is an attempt to compliment the Pre-defined worst forms of child labour. Hazardous conditions are said to be faced by over 250 million child
Child
Biologically, a child is generally a human between the stages of birth and puberty. Some vernacular definitions of a child include the fetus, as being an unborn child. The legal definition of "child" generally refers to a minor, otherwise known as a person younger than the age of majority...
ren world
World
World is a common name for the whole of human civilization, specifically human experience, history, or the human condition in general, worldwide, i.e. anywhere on Earth....
wide, though the actual overall figures are likely significantly higher than these estimates.
Examples of the type of work settings hazardous to children
The ILO provides countries with the following guidelines for work considered unsafe for children, such as work which:- Involves toxicToxicityToxicity is the degree to which a substance can damage a living or non-living organisms. Toxicity can refer to the effect on a whole organism, such as an animal, bacterium, or plant, as well as the effect on a substructure of the organism, such as a cell or an organ , such as the liver...
chemicals or fumes, high-powered equipment or vehicles, cutting, pounding or blasting.
- Takes place underground, under waterUnderwaterUnderwater is a term describing the realm below the surface of water where the water exists in a natural feature such as an ocean, sea, lake, pond, or river. Three quarters of the planet Earth is covered by water...
, at heights, in isolation, at night, in the hot sun.
- Involves long hours, no breakBreakBreak may refer to:* Break * Recess , a general term for a period of time in which a group of people is temporarily dismissed from its duties* Break , time off during a shift...
s, carrying heavy loads, a rapid or slow tedious pace.
- Where alcohol, drugs, or crime are common, where there are dangerous animals, snakes or insects, far from safe water or food.
Specific examples of the type of work hazardous to children
The following are some specific examples of the types of labour considered unsafe for children:- Hauling wagonsHurryingA hurrier, also sometimes called a coal drawer or coal thruster, was a child or woman employed by a collier to transport the coal that they had mined. Women would normally get the children to help them because of the difficulty of carrying the coal...
in underground mineMiningMining is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth, from an ore body, vein or seam. The term also includes the removal of soil. Materials recovered by mining include base metals, precious metals, iron, uranium, coal, diamonds, limestone, oil shale, rock...
s - Drawing molten glassGlassGlass is an amorphous solid material. Glasses are typically brittle and optically transparent.The most familiar type of glass, used for centuries in windows and drinking vessels, is soda-lime glass, composed of about 75% silica plus Na2O, CaO, and several minor additives...
in extreme heat - Contact with solventSolventA solvent is a liquid, solid, or gas that dissolves another solid, liquid, or gaseous solute, resulting in a solution that is soluble in a certain volume of solvent at a specified temperature...
s and glueGlueThis is a list of various types of glue. Historically, the term "glue" only referred to protein colloids prepared from animal flesh. The meaning has been extended to refer to any fluid adhesive....
s in the leather industry - Lead poisoningLead poisoningLead poisoning is a medical condition caused by increased levels of the heavy metal lead in the body. Lead interferes with a variety of body processes and is toxic to many organs and tissues including the heart, bones, intestines, kidneys, and reproductive and nervous systems...
in glass works - Mercury poisoningMercury poisoningMercury poisoning is a disease caused by exposure to mercury or its compounds. Mercury is a heavy metal occurring in several forms, all of which can produce toxic effects in high enough doses...
in gold-mining - Deep-sea diving without protective equipment such as a wetsuit and compressed airtank in the fishing industry
- Exposure to pesticidePesticidePesticides are substances or mixture of substances intended for preventing, destroying, repelling or mitigating any pest.A pesticide may be a chemical unicycle, biological agent , antimicrobial, disinfectant or device used against any pest...
s in agriculture - Bearing heavy loads in the constructionConstructionIn the fields of architecture and civil engineering, construction is a process that consists of the building or assembling of infrastructure. Far from being a single activity, large scale construction is a feat of human multitasking...
industry
See also
- Child labourChild laborChild labour refers to the employment of children at regular and sustained labour. This practice is considered exploitative by many international organizations and is illegal in many countries...
- Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention (Convention No. 182)Worst Forms of Child Labour ConventionThe Convention concerning the Prohibition and Immediate Action for the Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labour, known in short as the Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, was adopted by the International Labour Organization in 1999 as ILO Convention No 182. It is one of 8 ILO fundamental...
- International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour (IPEC)International Programme on the Elimination of Child LabourThe International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour is a programme that the International Labour Organization has run since 1992...
- Time-Bound Programmes for the Eradication of the Worst forms of Child LabourTime-Bound Programmes for the Eradication of the Worst forms of Child LabourThe International Labour Organization Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention calls for time-bound programmes for the eradication of the worst forms of child labour...