Wuzhong
Encyclopedia
Wuzhong is a prefecture-level city
in the Ningxia
autonomous region of the People's Republic of China
.
A Federation of Industry and Commerce is at Wuzhong. New Area is an important area for Wuzhong's economy. Wuzhong has about 2 million residents.
Sufi order (menhuan), which was headquartered in the town of Jinjipu (located a few km south of today's Wuzhong's main urban area). Under the leadership of the order's fourth and fifth shaykhs, Ma Yide (the 1770s-1849) and Ma Hualong
(d. 1871), it grew wealthy from the profits of caravan trade
across Inner Mongolia
, between Baotou
, Huhhot and Beijing
, and Jinjipu became an important commercial and religious center. During the Muslim Rebellion of 1862-1877, Jinjipu became the headquarter of the rebels in the Ningxia region. The town fell to Zuo Zongtang
's troops in January 1871, and over a thousand rebels and residents were massacred; Ma Hualong with his family and Jahriyya officials were executed in March 1871.
Prefecture-level city
A prefectural level city , prefectural city or prefectural level municipality is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China, ranking below a province and above a county in China's administrative structure. Prefectural level cities form the second level of the administrative...
in the Ningxia
Ningxia
Ningxia, formerly transliterated as Ningsia, is an autonomous region of the People's Republic of China. Located in Northwest China, on the Loess Plateau, the Yellow River flows through this vast area of land. The Great Wall of China runs along its northeastern boundary...
autonomous region of the People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China
China , officially the People's Republic of China , is the most populous country in the world, with over 1.3 billion citizens. Located in East Asia, the country covers approximately 9.6 million square kilometres...
.
A Federation of Industry and Commerce is at Wuzhong. New Area is an important area for Wuzhong's economy. Wuzhong has about 2 million residents.
Administrative divisions
| Map | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| # | Name | Hanzi | Hanyu Pinyin | Xiao'erjing | Population (2003 est.) | Area (km²) | Density (/km²) |
| 1 | Litong District | 利通区 | Lìtōng Qū | لِ ﺗْﻮ ﺛُﻮْ | 350,000 | 1,313 | 267 |
| 2 | Qingtongxia City | 青铜峡市 | Qīngtóngxiá Shì | شٍ ﺗْﻮ ﺷﯿَا | 250,000 | 2,424 | 103 |
| 3 | Yanchi County | 盐池县 | Yánchí Xiàn | ﻳﯾًﺎ چِ ﺷِﯿًﺎ | 160,000 | 8,661 | 18 |
| 4 | Tongxin County | 同心县 | Tóngxīn Xiàn | ﺗْﻮ سٍ ﺷِﯿًﺎ | 350,000 | 7,264 | 46 |
History
During the early and mid-19th century, the territory of today's Wuzhong - as well as much of northern Ningxia - became a stronghold of the JahriyyaJahriyya
Jahriyya is a Sufi order in China that once existed in Persia and the Turkish World. Founded by Hadrat Abu Yaqub Yusuf Hamdani, it was brought to China in the 1760s by Ma Mingxin...
Sufi order (menhuan), which was headquartered in the town of Jinjipu (located a few km south of today's Wuzhong's main urban area). Under the leadership of the order's fourth and fifth shaykhs, Ma Yide (the 1770s-1849) and Ma Hualong
Ma Hualong
Ma Hualong , was the fifth leader of the Jahriyya, a Dungan Sufi order in northwestern China. From the beginning of the Dungan Revolt in 1862, until his surrender and death in 1871, he was one of the main leaders of the revolt.-Biography:Ma Hualong became the leader of the Jahriyya ca...
(d. 1871), it grew wealthy from the profits of caravan trade
Camel train
A camel train is a series of camels carrying goods or passengers in a group as part of a regular or semi-regular service between two points. Although they rarely travelled faster than the walking speed of a man, camels' ability to handle harsh conditions made camel trains a vital part of...
across Inner Mongolia
Inner Mongolia
Inner Mongolia is an autonomous region of the People's Republic of China, located in the northern region of the country. Inner Mongolia shares an international border with the countries of Mongolia and the Russian Federation...
, between Baotou
Baotou
Baotou is a mid-sized industrial city in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China. Governed as a prefecture-level city, its urban areas are home to a population of approximately 1.78 million, with a total population of over 2.65 million accounting for counties under...
, Huhhot and Beijing
Beijing
Beijing , also known as Peking , is the capital of the People's Republic of China and one of the most populous cities in the world, with a population of 19,612,368 as of 2010. The city is the country's political, cultural, and educational center, and home to the headquarters for most of China's...
, and Jinjipu became an important commercial and religious center. During the Muslim Rebellion of 1862-1877, Jinjipu became the headquarter of the rebels in the Ningxia region. The town fell to Zuo Zongtang
Zuo Zongtang
Zuo Zongtang , spelled Tso Tsung-t'ang in Wade-Giles and known simply as General Tso in the West, was a Chinese statesman and military leader in the late Qing Dynasty....
's troops in January 1871, and over a thousand rebels and residents were massacred; Ma Hualong with his family and Jahriyya officials were executed in March 1871.
Notable residents
- Shi TaoShi TaoShi Tao is a mainland Chinese journalist, writer and poet, who in 2005 was sentenced to imprisonment for 10 years for releasing a document of the Communist Party to an overseas Chinese democracy site after Yahoo! China provided his personal details to the Chinese government.-Brief history:Shi Tao...
, journalist, writer, and poet - Zhou ShengxianZhou ShengxianZhou Shengxian is the first and current Minister of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China. Zhou was born in Wuzhong, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. He joined the Communist Party of China in 1972, and is a senior economist...
, the director of the State Forestry Administration, is from Wuzhong.