Xanthidae
Encyclopedia
Xanthidae is a family
Family (biology)
In biological classification, family is* a taxonomic rank. Other well-known ranks are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, genus, and species, with family fitting between order and genus. As for the other well-known ranks, there is the option of an immediately lower rank, indicated by the...

 of crab
Crab
True crabs are decapod crustaceans of the infraorder Brachyura, which typically have a very short projecting "tail" , or where the reduced abdomen is entirely hidden under the thorax...

s known as mud crabs, pebble crabs or rubble crabs. They are often brightly coloured and are poisonous, containing toxin
Toxin
A toxin is a poisonous substance produced within living cells or organisms; man-made substances created by artificial processes are thus excluded...

s which are not destroyed by cooking
Cooking
Cooking is the process of preparing food by use of heat. Cooking techniques and ingredients vary widely across the world, reflecting unique environmental, economic, and cultural traditions. Cooks themselves also vary widely in skill and training...

 and for which no antidote
Antidote
An antidote is a substance which can counteract a form of poisoning. The term ultimately derives from the Greek αντιδιδοναι antididonai, "given against"....

 is known. The toxins are similar to the tetrodotoxin
Tetrodotoxin
Tetrodotoxin, also known as "tetrodox" and frequently abbreviated as TTX, sometimes colloquially referred to as "zombie powder" by those who practice Vodou, is a potent neurotoxin with no known antidote. There have been successful tests of a possible antidote in mice, but further tests must be...

 and saxitoxin
Saxitoxin
Saxitoxin is a neurotoxin naturally produced by certain species of marine dinoflagellates and cyanobacteria Saxitoxin (STX) is a neurotoxin naturally produced by certain species of marine dinoflagellates (Alexandrium sp., Gymnodinium sp., Pyrodinium sp.) and cyanobacteria Saxitoxin (STX) is a...

 produced by puffer fish, and may be produced by bacteria
Bacteria
Bacteria are a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria have a wide range of shapes, ranging from spheres to rods and spirals...

 in the genus Vibrio
Vibrio
Vibrio is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria possessing a curved rod shape, several species of which can cause foodborne infection, usually associated with eating undercooked seafood. Typically found in saltwater, Vibrio are facultative anaerobes that test positive for oxidase and do not form...

living in symbiosis
Symbiosis
Symbiosis is close and often long-term interaction between different biological species. In 1877 Bennett used the word symbiosis to describe the mutualistic relationship in lichens...

 with the crabs, mostly V. alginolyticus
Vibrio alginolyticus
Vibrio alginolyticus is a Gram-negative marine bacterium. It is medically important since it causes otitis and wound infection. It is also present in the bodies of animals such as Puffer fish, where it is responsible for the production of the potent neurotoxin, tetrodotoxin....

and V. parahaemolyticus
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a curved, rod-shaped, Gram-negative bacterium found in brackish saltwater, which, when ingested, causes gastrointestinal illness in humans. V. parahaemolyticus is oxidase positive, facultatively aerobic, and does not form spores...

.

Classification

Many species formerly included in the family Xanthidae have since been moved to new families. Despite this, Xanthidae is still the largest crab family in terms of species richness
Species richness
Species richness is the number of different species in a given area. It is represented in equation form as S.Species richness is the fundamental unit in which to assess the homogeneity of an environment. Typically, species richness is used in conservation studies to determine the sensitivity of...

, with 572 species in 133 genera divided among the thirteen subfamilies:
  • Actaeinae Alcock, 1898
    • Actaea
      Actaea (crab)
      Actaea is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:*Actaea acantha *Actaea allisoni Garth, 1985*Actaea angusta Rathbun, 1898*Actaea areolata...

      De Haan, 1833
    • Actaeodes
      Actaeodes
      Actaeodes is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Actaeodes consobrinus * Actaeodes hirsutissimus * Actaeodes mutatus Guinot, 1976...

      Dana, 1851
    • ActaeopsPortell & Collins, 2004
    • Allactaea
      Allactaea
      Allactaea lithostrota is a species of crabs in the family Xanthidae, the only species in the genus Allactaea....

      Williams, 1974
    • Epiactaea
      Epiactaea
      Epiactaea is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Epiactaea bullifera * Epiactaea margaritifera * Epiactaea nodulosa...

      Serène, 1984
    • Epiactaeodes
      Epiactaeodes
      Epiactaeodes is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Epiactaeodes pictus * Epiactaeodes tesselatus...

      Serène, 1984
    • Forestia
      Forestia
      Forestia is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Forestia abrolhensis * Forestia depressa * Forestia pascua Garth, 1985* Forestia scabra...

      Guinot, 1976
    • Gaillardiellus
      Gaillardiellus
      Gaillardiellus is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Gaillardiellus alphonsi * Gaillardiellus bathus Davie, 1997* Gaillardiellus orientalis...

      Guinot, 1976
    • Heteractaea
      Heteractaea
      Heteractaea is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Heteractaea ceratopus * Heteractaea lunata * Heteractaea peterseni Garth, 1940...

      Lockington, 1877
    • Lobiactaea
      Lobiactaea
      Lobiactaea lobipes is a species of crabs in the family Xanthidae, the only species in the genus Lobiactaea....

      T. Sakai, 1983
    • Meractaea
      Meractaea
      Meractaea is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Meractaea brucei Serene, 1984* Meractaea multidentata Davie, 1997* Meractaea tafai Davie, 1992...

      Serène, 1984
    • Novactaea
      Novactaea
      Novactaea is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:*Novactaea bella Guinot, 1976*Novactaea michaelseni *Novactaea modesta *Novactaea pulchella...

      Guinot, 1976
    • Odhneria
      Odhneria
      Odhneria is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Odhneria acutidens Sakai, 1983* Odhneria echinus...

      T. Sakai, 1983
    • Paractaea
      Paractaea
      Paractaea is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:*Paractaea excentrica Guinot, 1969*Paractaea garretti *Paractaea indica Deb, 1985*Paractaea margaritaria Paractaea is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:*Paractaea...

      Guinot, 1969
    • Paractaeopsis
      Paractaeopsis
      Paractaeopsis quadriareolata is a species of crabs in the family Xanthidae, the only species in the genus Paractaeopsis....

      Serène, 1984
    • Phlyctenodes
      Phlyctenodes
      Phlyctenodes is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following fossil species:* Phlyctenodes dalpaizi Fabiani, 1911* Phlyctenodes krenneri Lorenthey, 1898* Phlyctenodes nicolisi Bittner, 1884...

      A. Milne-Edwards, 1862
    • Platyactaea
      Platyactaea
      Platyactaea is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Platyactaea dovii * Platyactaea setigera...

      Guinot, 1967
    • Psaumis
      Psaumis
      Psaumis is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Psaumis cavipes * Psaumis fossulata...

      Kossmann, 1877
    • Pseudactaea
      Pseudactaea
      Pseudactaea is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Pseudactaea corallina * Pseudactaea multiareolata Takeda & Marumura, 2002* Pseudactaea multicristata...

      Serène, 1962
    • Pseudoliomera
      Pseudoliomera
      Pseudoliomera is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Pseudoliomera granosimana * Pseudoliomera helleri Pseudoliomera is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Pseudoliomera granosimana (A. Milne-Edwards, 1865)*...

      Odhner, 1925
    • Pseudophlyctenodes
      Pseudophlyctenodes
      Pseudophlyctenodes hantkeni is a species of crab in the monotypic genus Pseudophlyctenodes, in the family Xanthidae. It is known from the Eocene of Hungary and Sicily....

      Busulini, Tessier & Beschin, 2006
    • Rata
      Rata (crab)
      Rata is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Rata chalcal Davie, 1997* Rata tuamotense Davie, 1992...

      Davie, 1993
    • Serenius
      Serenius
      Serenius is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Serenius andamanicus Deb, 1985* Serenius ceylonicus * Serenius demani * Serenius gemmula...

      Guinot, 1976
  • Antrocarcininae Ng & D. G. B. Chia, 1994
    • Antrocarcinus
      Antrocarcinus
      Antrocarcinus petrosus is a species of crab in the family Xanthidae, the only species in the genus Antrocarcinus....

      Ng & D. G. B. Chia, 1994
    • Cyrtocarcinus
      Cyrtocarcinus
      Cyrtocarcinus truncatus is a species of crab in the family Xanthidae that lives in the waters around Hawaii. It was described in 1906 by Mary J. Rathbun as Harrovia truncata, based on a single immature male specimen caught near Kauai...

      Ng & D. G. B. Chia, 1994
    • Glyptocarcinus
      Glyptocarcinus
      Glyptocarcinus is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Glyptocarcinus lophopus Takeda, 1973* Glyptocarcinus politus Ng & Chia, 1994...

      Takeda, 1973
  • Chlorodiellinae Ng & Holthuis, 2007
    • Chlorodiella
      Chlorodiella
      Chlorodiella is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:*Chlorodiella barbata *Chlorodiella corallicola Miyake & Takeda, 1968*Chlorodiella crispipleopa Dai, Yang, Song & Chen, 1986...

      Rathbun, 1897
    • Cyclodius
      Cyclodius
      Cyclodius is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:*Cyclodius drachi *Cyclodius granulatus *Cyclodius granulosus De Man, 1888...

      Dana, 1851
    • Garthiella
      Garthiella
      Garthiella aberrans is a species of crabs in the family Xanthidae, the only species in the genus Garthiella....

      Titgen, 1986
    • Liocarpiloides
      Liocarpiloides
      Liocarpiloides is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:*Liocarpilodes armiger *Liocarpilodes biunguis *Liocarpiloides harmsi...

      Klunzinger, 1913
    • Pilodius
      Pilodius
      Pilodius is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:*Pilodius areolatus H. Milne-Edwards, 1834)*Pilodius cephalalgicus Clark & Galil, 1993*Pilodius consors Clark & Galil, 1993...

      Dana, 1851
    • Sulcodius
      Sulcodius
      Sulcodius deflexus is a species of crabs in the family Xanthidae, the only species in the genus Sulcodius....

      P. F. Clark & Ng, 1999
    • Tweedieia
      Tweedieia
      Tweedieia is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Tweedieia brevidactyla Dai & Yang, 1998* Tweedieia laysani * Tweedieia odhneri...

      Ward, 1935
    • Vellodius
      Vellodius
      Vellodius etisoides is a species of crab in the family Xanthidae. It was originally described as Pilodius etisoides, but was transferred to the monotypic genus Vellodius in 1998. It is found around Amami Ōshima in the Ryūkyū Islands, and the Paracel Islands in the South China Sea....

      Ng & Yang, 1998
  • Cymoinae Alcock, 1898
    • Cymo
      Cymo (crab)
      Cymo is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:*Cymo andreossyi *Cymo barunae Ho & Ng, 2005*Cymo cerasma Morgan, 1990*Cymo deplanatus A. Milne-Edwards, 1873...

      De Haan, 1833
  • Etisinae Ortmann, 1893
    • Etisus
      Etisus
      Etisus is a genus of crabs, containing the following extant species:*Etisus albus *Etisus anaglyptus H. Milne-Edwards, 1834*Etisus armatus *Etisus australis *Etisus bargibanti Crosnier, 1987...

      H. Milne-Edwards, 1834
    • Paraetisus Ward, 1933
  • Euxanthinae Alcock, 1898
    • Alainodaeus
      Alainodaeus
      Alainodaeus is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Alainodaeus akiaki Davie, 1992* Alainodaeus alis Davie, 1997* Alainodaeus nuku Davie, 1997* Alainodaeus rimatara Davie, 1992...

      Davie, 1993
    • Batodaeus
      Batodaeus
      Batodaeus adanad is a species of crabs in the family Xanthidae, the only species in the genus Batodaeus....

      Vázquez-Bader & Gracia, 2004
    • Carpoporus
      Carpoporus
      Carpoporus papulosus is a species of crabs in the family Xanthidae, the only species in the genus Carpoporus....

      Stimpson, 1871
    • Cranaothus
      Cranaothus
      Cranaothus deforgesi is a species of crabs in the family Xanthidae, the only species in the genus Cranaothus....

      Ng, 1993
    • Crosnierius
      Crosnierius
      Crosnierius is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Crosnierius carinatus Serene & Vadon, 1981* Crosnierius gracilipes Ng & Chen, 2005...

      Serène & Vadon, 1981
    • Danielea
      Danielea
      Danielea moelensis is a species of crab in the family Xanthidae, and the only species in the genus Danielea....

      Ng & P. F. Clark, 2003
    • Edwardsium
      Edwardsium
      Edwardsium is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Edwardsium crockeri * Edwardsium crosslandi * Edwardsium lobipes...

      Guinot, 1967
    • Epistocavea
      Epistocavea
      Epistocavea mururoa is a species of crabs in the family Xanthidae, the only species in the genus Epistocavea....

      Davie, 1993
    • Euxanthus
      Euxanthus
      Euxanthus is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:*Euxanthus boletarius *Euxanthus exsculptus *Euxanthus herdmani Laurie, 1906...

      Dana, 1851
    • Glyptoxanthus
      Glyptoxanthus
      Glyptoxanthus is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Glyptoxanthus angolensis * Glyptoxanthus cavernosus * Glyptoxanthus corrosus Glyptoxanthus is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Glyptoxanthus angolensis (Brito...

      A. Milne-Edwards, 1879
    • Guinotellus
      Guinotellus
      Guinotellus melvillensis is a species of crabs in the family Xanthidae, the only species in the genus Guinotellus....

      Serène, 1971
    • Hepatoporus
      Hepatoporus
      Hepatoporus is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:*Hepatoporus asper Davie & Turner, 1994*Hepatoporus distinctus *Hepatoporus guinotae...

      Serène, 1984
    • Hypocolpus
      Hypocolpus
      Hypocolpus is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:*Hypocolpus abbotti *Hypocolpus diverticulatus *Hypocolpus guinotae Vannini, 1982*Hypocolpus haanii Rathbun, 1909...

      Rathbun, 1897
    • Ladomedaeus
      Ladomedaeus
      Ladomedaeus is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Ladomedaeus fungillus Manuel-Santos & Ng, 2007* Ladomedaeus serratus...

      Števčić, 2005
    • Lipaesthesius
      Lipaesthesius
      Lipaesthesius leeanus is a species of crabs in the family Xanthidae, the only species in the genus Lipaesthesius....

      Rathbun, 1898
    • Medaeops
      Medaeops
      Medaeops is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:*Medaeops edwardsi Guinot, 1967*Medaeops gemini Davie, 1997*Medaeops granulosus *Medaeops merodontos Davie, 1997...

      Guinot, 1967
    • Medaeus
      Medaeus
      Medaeus is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:*Medaeus aztec Davie, 1997*Medaeus danielita Mendoza & Ng, 2010*Medaeus elegans A. Milne-Edwards, 1867*Medaeus grandis Davie, 1993...

      Dana, 1851
    • Miersiella
      Miersiella
      Miersiella is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:*Miersiella cavifrons Takeda, 1989*Miersiella haswelli...

      Guinot, 1967
    • Monodaeus
      Monodaeus
      Monodaeus is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Monodaeus arnaudi Guinot & Macpherson, 1988* Monodaeus couchii * Monodaeus cristulatus Guinot & Macpherson, 1988...

      Guinot, 1967
    • Olenothus
      Olenothus
      Olenothus uogi is a species of crabs in the family Xanthidae, the only species in the genus Olenothus....

      Ng, 2002
    • Palatigum
      Palatigum
      Palatigum trichostoma is a species of crabs in the family Xanthidae, the only species in the genus Palatigum....

      Davie, 1997
    • Paramedaeus
      Paramedaeus
      Paramedaeus is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:*Paramedaeus globosus Serène & Vadon, 1981*Paramedaeus megagomphios Davie, 1997*Paramedaeus octogesimus Ng & Clark, 2002...

      Guinot, 1967
    • Pleurocolpus
      Pleurocolpus
      Pleurocolpus boileaui is a species of crabs in the family Xanthidae, the only species in the genus Pleurocolpus....

      Crosnier, 1995
    • Pseudomedaeus
      Pseudomedaeus
      Pseudomedaeus is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Pseudomedaeus africanus * Pseudomedaeus agassizi * Pseudomedaeus distinctus...

      Guinot, 1968
    • Rizalthus
      Rizalthus
      Rizalthus anconis is a species of crabs in the family Xanthidae, the only species in the genus Rizalthus....

      Mendoza & Ng, 2008
    • Visayax
      Visayax
      Visayax is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Visayax estampadori Mendoza & Ng, 2008* Visayax osteodictyon Mendoza & Ng, 2008...

      Mendoza & Ng, 2008
  • Kraussiinae Ng, 1993
    • Garthasia
      Garthasia
      Garthasia americana is a species of crabs in the family Xanthidae, the only species in the genus Garthasia....

      Ng, 1993
    • Kraussia Dana, 1852
    • Palapedia
      Palapedia
      Palapedia is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:*Palapedia bongensis *Palapedia hendersoni *Palapedia integra *Palapedia marquesa...

      Ng, 1993
  • Liomerinae T. Sakai, 1976
    • Actiomera
      Actiomera
      Actiomera is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Actiomera boninensis * Actiomera erythra * Actiomera lophopa...

      Ng, Guinot & Davie, 2008
    • Bruciana
      Bruciana
      Bruciana pediger is a species of crab in the family Xanthidae, the only species in the genus Bruciana....

      Serène, 1977
    • Liomera
      Liomera
      Liomera is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:*Liomera albolineata *Liomera bella *Liomera caelata...

      Dana, 1851
    • Meriola
      Meriola
      Meriola is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Meriola acutidens * Meriola corallina Takeda & Marumura, 1997* Meriola rufomaculata Davie, 1992...

      Davie, 1993
    • Neoliomera
      Neoliomera
      Neoliomera is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:*Neoliomera cerasinus Ng, 2002*Neoliomera demani Forest & Guinot, 1961*Neoliomera insularis...

      Odhner, 1925
    • NeomeriaC.-H. Hu & Tao, 1996
    • Paraliomera
      Paraliomera
      Paraliomera is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Paraliomera dispar * Paraliomera longimana * Paraliomera macandreae...

      Rathbun, 1930
  • Polydectinae Dana, 1851
    • Lybia H. Milne-Edwards, 1834
    • Polydectus
      Polydectus
      Polydectus cupulifer is a species of crabs in the family Xanthidae, the only species in the genus Polydectus....

      H. Milne-Edwards, 1837
  • Speocarcininae Števčić, 2005
    • Speocarcinus
      Speocarcinus
      Speocarcinus is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing six extant species, and one fossil species from the Late Miocene:*Speocarcinus carolinensis Stimpson, 1859*Speocarcinus granulimanus Rathbun, 1894...

      Stimpson, 1859
  • Xanthinae MacLeay, 1838
    • Cataleptodius
      Cataleptodius
      Cataleptodius is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Cataleptodius floridanus * Cataleptodius occidentalis * Cataleptodius olsoni Manning & Chace, 1990...

      Guinot, 1968
    • Coralliope
      Coralliope
      Coralliope is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Coralliope armstrongi * Coralliope parvula...

      Guinot, 1967
    • Cycloxanthops
      Cycloxanthops
      Cycloxanthops is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Cycloxanthops bocki Garth, 1957* Cycloxanthops novemdentatus * Cycloxanthops occidentalis...

      Rathbun, 1897
    • Demania
      Demania
      Demania is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Demania alcocki Deb, 1987* Demania armadillus * Demania baccalipes * Demania crosnieri Serene, 1984...

      Laurie, 1906
    • Ectaesthesius
      Ectaesthesius
      Ectaesthesius bifrons is a species of crabs in the family Xanthidae, the only species in the genus Ectaesthesius....

      Rathbun, 1898
    • Epixanthops
      Epixanthops
      Epixanthops casellatoi is a species of crabs in the family Xanthidae, the only species in the genus Epixanthops....

      Serène, 1984
    • Eucratodes
      Eucratodes
      Eucratodes agassizii is a species of crabs in the family Xanthidae, the only species in the genus Eucratodes....

      A. Milne-Edwards, 1880
    • Euryxanthops
      Euryxanthops
      Euryxanthops is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Euryxanthops cepros Davie, 1997* Euryxanthops chiltoni Ng & McLay, 2007* Euryxanthops dorsiconvexus Garth & Kim, 1983...

      Garth & Kim, 1983
    • Garthiope
      Garthiope
      Garthiope is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Garthiope anchialina Guinot & Iliffe, 1991* Garthiope barbadensis * Garthiope fraseri...

      Guinot, 1990
    • Gaudichaudia
      Gaudichaudia
      Gaudichaudia is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Gaudichaudia gaudichaudii * Gaudichaudia tridentatus...

      Rathbun, 1930
    • Gonopanope
      Gonopanope
      Gonopanope is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Gonopanope angusta * Gonopanope areolata * Gonopanope nitida...

      Guinot, 1967
    • Guitonia
      Guitonia
      Guitonia troglophila is a species of crabs in the family Xanthidae, the only species in the genus Guitonia....

      Garth & Iliffe, 1992
    • Jacforus
      Jacforus
      Jacforus cavatus is a species of crab in the monotypic genus Jacforus in the family Xanthidae.-Description:Jacforus is a small crab, with a carapace around long and wide.-Distribution:...

      Ng & P. F. Clark, 2003
    • Juxtaxanthias
      Juxtaxanthias
      Juxtaxanthias is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Juxtaxanthias intonsus * Juxtaxanthias lividus * Juxtaxanthias tetradon...

      Ward, 1942
    • Lachnopodus
      Lachnopodus
      Lachnopodus is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Lachnopodus bidentatus * Lachnopodus gibsonhilli * Lachnopodus ponapensis...

      Stimpson, 1858
    • Leptodius
      Leptodius
      Leptodius is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Leptodius australis Ward, 1936* Leptodius davaoensis Ward, 1941* Leptodius efferens Rathbun, 1907* Leptodius exaratus Leptodius is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:*...

      A. Milne-Edwards, 1863
    • Liagore
      Liagore
      Liagore is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Liagore erythematica Guinot, 1971* Liagore pulchella Ng & Naruse, 2007* Liagore rubromaculata...

      De Haan, 1833
    • Linnaeoxanthus
      Linnaeoxanthus
      Linnaeoxanthus acanthomerus is a species of crabs in the family Xanthidae, the only species in the genus Linnaeoxanthus....

      Števčić, 2005
    • Lioxanthodes
      Lioxanthodes
      Lioxanthodes is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Lioxanthodes alcocki Calman, 1909* Lioxanthodes madagascariensis Serene, 1984* Lioxanthodes pacificus Edmondson, 1935...

      Calman, 1909
    • Macromedaeus
      Macromedaeus
      Macromedaeus is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Macromedaeus crassimanus * Macromedaeus demani * Macromedaeus distinguendus...

      Ward, 1942
    • Marratha
      Marratha
      Marratha angusta is a species of crabs in the family Xanthidae, the only species in the genus Marratha. It was originally described as Cycloxanthops angustus by Mary J. Rathbun in 1906, but was moved to a new genus in 2003; the name of the genus, Marratha is an "arbitrary abbreviation" of Rathbun's...

      Ng & P. F. Clark, 2003
    • Megametope
      Megametope
      Megametope is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Megametope carinatus Baker, 1907* Megametope ogaensis Sakai, 1974* Megametope punctatus...

      Filhol, 1886
    • MegamiaKarasawa, 1993
    • Melybia
      Melybia
      Melybia thalamita is a species of crab in the family Xanthidae, the only species in the genus Melybia. It is found in the western Atlantic Ocean, from Florida and the Gulf of Mexico south to São Paulo, Brazil, at depths of ....

      Stimpson, 1871
    • Metaxanthops
      Metaxanthops
      Metaxanthops acutus is a species of crabs in the family Xanthidae, the only species in the genus Metaxanthops....

      Serène, 1984
    • MetopoxanthoDe Man, 1904
    • Microcassiope
      Microcassiope
      Microcassiope is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Microcassiope granulimana * Microcassiope minor * Microcassiope orientalis Takeda & Miyake, 1969...

      Guinot, 1967
    • Micropanope
      Micropanope
      Micropanope is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing one exclusively fossil species and the following species:* Micropanope ashcrafti Garth, 1986* Micropanope cristimanus Stimpson, 1871* Micropanope lata...

      Stimpson, 1871
    • Nanocassiope
      Nanocassiope
      Nanocassiope is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Nanocassiope alcocki * Nanocassiope grandulipes * Nanocassiope melanodactylus...

      Guinot, 1967
    • Nectopanope
      Nectopanope
      Nectopanope rhodobaphes is a species of crabs in the family Xanthidae, the only species in the genus Nectopanope....

      Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891
    • Neolioxantho
      Neolioxantho
      Neolioxantho is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Neolioxantho asterodactylus Garth & Kim, 1983* Neolioxantho latifrons Rathbun, 1911...

      Garth & Kim, 1983
    • Neoxanthias
      Neoxanthias
      Neoxanthias is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Neoxanthias impressus * Neoxanthias lacunosus * Neoxanthias michelae Serene & Vadon, 1981...

      Ward, 1932
    • Neoxanthops
      Neoxanthops
      Neoxanthops is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Neoxanthops lineatus * Neoxanthops quadrilobatus * Neoxanthops rotundus Guinot, 1968...

      Guinot, 1968
    • Orphnoxanthus
      Orphnoxanthus
      Orphnoxanthus microps is a species of crabs in the family Xanthidae, the only species in the genus Orphnoxanthus....

      Alcock, 1896
    • Ovatis
      Ovatis
      Ovatis simplex is a species of crabs in the family Xanthidae, the only species in the genus Ovatis....

      Ng & H.-I. Chen, 2004
    • PalaeoxanthopsKarasawa, 1993
    • Paraxanthias
      Paraxanthias
      Paraxanthias is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing one exclusively fossil species and the following extant species:* Paraxanthias elegans * Paraxanthias eriphioides Paraxanthias is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing one exclusively fossil species and the...

      Odhner, 1925
    • Paraxanthodes
      Paraxanthodes
      Paraxanthodes is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Paraxanthodes cumatodes * Paraxanthodes obtusidens * Paraxanthodes polynesiensis Davie, 1992...

      Guinot, 1968
    • Paraxanthus
      Paraxanthus
      Paraxanthus barbiger is a species of crabs in the family Xanthidae, the only species in the genus Paraxanthus....

      Lucas, 1844
    • Xanthias
      Xanthias (crab)
      Xanthias is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing two exclusively fossil species and the following extant species:* Xanthias canaliculatus Rathbun, 1906* Xanthias cherbonnieri Guinot, 1964...

      Rathbun, 1897
    • Xantho
      Xantho
      Xantho is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing five extant species, all restricted to the north-east Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea:*Xantho granulicarpus Forest, 1953*Xantho hydrophilus *Xantho pilipes A...

      Leach, 1814
    • Xanthodius
      Xanthodius
      Xanthodius is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing one exclusively fossil species and the following extant species:* Xanthodius americanus * Xanthodius cooksoni...

      Stimpson, 1859
  • Zalasiinae Serène, 1968
    • Banareia
      Banareia
      Banareia is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Banareia acies * Banareia armata A...

      A. Milne-Edwards, 1869
    • Calvactaea
      Calvactaea
      Calvactaea tumida is a species of crabs in the family Xanthidae, the only species in the genus Calvactaea....

      Ward, 1933
    • Zalasius
      Zalasius
      Zalasius is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Zalasius australis * Zalasius dromiaeformis * Zalasius horii Miyake, 1940* Zalasius imajimai Takeda & Miyake, 1969...

      Rathbun, 1897
  • Zosiminae Alcock, 1898
    • Atergatis
      Atergatis (crab)
      Atergatis is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Atergatis dentatus De Haan, 1835* Atergatis dilatatus De Haan, 1835* Atergatis floridus * Atergatis granulatus De Haan, 1889...

      De Haan, 1833
    • Atergatopsis
      Atergatopsis
      Atergatopsis is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Atergatopsis alcocki * Atergatopsis amoyensis De Man, 1879* Atergatopsis germaini A. Milne-Edwards, 1865...

      A. Milne-Edwards, 1862
    • Lophozozymus
      Lophozozymus
      Lophozozymus is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Lophozozymus anaglyptus * Lophozozymus bertonciniae Guinot & Richer de Forges, 1981* Lophozozymus cristatus A...

      A. Milne-Edwards, 1863
    • Paratergatis
      Paratergatis
      Paratergatis longimanus is a species of crabs in the family Xanthidae, the only species in the genus Paratergatis....

      T. Sakai, 1965
    • Platypodia
      Platypodia
      Platypodia is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Platypodia alcocki Buitendijk, 1941* Platypodia cristata * Platypodia delli Takeda & Webber, 2006* Platypodia eydouxi Platypodia is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:*...

      Bell, 1835
    • Platypodiella
      Platypodiella
      Platypodiella is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Platypodiella gemmata * Platypodiella georgei den Hartog & Turkay, 1991* Platypodiella picta...

      Guinot, 1967
    • Pulcratis
      Pulcratis
      Pulcratis reticulatus is a species of crabs in the family Xanthidae, the only species in the genus Pulcratis....

      Ng & Huang, 1977
    • Zosimus
      Zosimus (crab)
      Zosimus is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Zosimus actaeoides * Zosimus aeneus * Zosimus fissa * Zosimus hawaiiensis...

      Leach, 1818
    • Zozymodes
      Zozymodes
      Zozymodes is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:* Zozymodes cavipes * Zozymodes nodosus Klunzinger, 1913* Zozymodes pumilus...

      Heller, 1861
  • Incertae sedis
    Incertae sedis
    , is a term used to define a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Uncertainty at specific taxonomic levels is attributed by , , and similar terms.-Examples:*The fossil plant Paradinandra suecica could not be assigned to any...

    • HaydnellaMüller, 1984
    • NogaroliaBeschin, Busulini, De Angeli & Tessier, 1994
    • SculptoplaxMüller & Collins, 1991
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