Xanthomonas campestris
Encyclopedia
Xanthomonas campestris is a bacterial species that causes a variety of plant
disease
s. Available from the NCPPB
,and other international Culture collections such as ICMP, ATCC
, and LMG in a purified form, it is used in the commercial production of a high-molecular-weight polysaccharide - xanthan gum
- that is an efficient viscosifier of water and that has many important uses, especially in the food industry.
, a kind of classification based on the type of host plant was attacked by Xanthomonas campestris)
The former pv. citri, which causes citrus canker
, was reclassified as X. axonopodis in 1995 Xanthomonas campestris#cite note-0. In 2006, the species designations for pv. citri and malvacearum were revised to X. citri and these pathovars are now referred to as subspecies Xanthomonas campestris#cite note-1.
Plant
Plants are living organisms belonging to the kingdom Plantae. Precise definitions of the kingdom vary, but as the term is used here, plants include familiar organisms such as trees, flowers, herbs, bushes, grasses, vines, ferns, mosses, and green algae. The group is also called green plants or...
disease
Disease
A disease is an abnormal condition affecting the body of an organism. It is often construed to be a medical condition associated with specific symptoms and signs. It may be caused by external factors, such as infectious disease, or it may be caused by internal dysfunctions, such as autoimmune...
s. Available from the NCPPB
National Collection of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria
The National Collection of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria is a UK Government owned, non-profit-making biological culture collection which specialises in acquiring, authenticating, preserving, and distributing plant pathogenic reference bacteria, and DNA for research in the life sciences...
,and other international Culture collections such as ICMP, ATCC
American Type Culture Collection
The American Type Culture Collection is a private, not-for-profit biological resource center whose mission focuses on the acquisition, authentication, production, preservation, development and distribution of standard reference microorganisms, cell lines and other materials for research in the...
, and LMG in a purified form, it is used in the commercial production of a high-molecular-weight polysaccharide - xanthan gum
Xanthan gum
Xanthan gum is a polysaccharide, derived from the bacterial coat of Xanthomonas campestris, used as a food additive and rheology modifier, commonly used as a food thickening agent and a stabilizer...
- that is an efficient viscosifier of water and that has many important uses, especially in the food industry.
Types of Xanthomonas campestris
(pv. means pathovarPathovar
A pathovar is a bacterial strain or set of strains with the same or similar characteristics, that is differentiated at infrasubspecific level from other strains of the same species or subspecies on the basis of distinctive pathogenicity to one or more plant hosts.Pathovars are named as a ternary or...
, a kind of classification based on the type of host plant was attacked by Xanthomonas campestris)
- Xanthomonas campestris pv. armoraciae
- Xanthomonas campestris pv. begoniae A
- Xanthomonas campestris pv. begoniae B
- Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestrisXanthomonas campestris pv. campestrisBlack rot, caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris , is considered the most important and most destructive disease of crucifers, infecting all cultivated varieties of brassicas worldwide . This disease was first described by botanist and entomologist Harrison Garman in...
- Xanthomonas campestris pv. carotae
- Xanthomonas campestris pv. corylina
- Xanthomonas campestris pv. dieffenbachiae
- Xanthomonas campestris pv. hederae
- Xanthomonas campestris pv. hyacinthi
- Xanthomonas campestris pv. juglandis
- Xanthomonas campestris pv. malvacearum
- Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum
- Xanthomonas campestris pv. nigromaculans
- Xanthomonas campestris pv. pelargonii
- Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli
- Xanthomonas campestris pv. poinsettiicola
- Xanthomonas campestris pv. raphani
- Xanthomonas campestris pv. sesami
- Xanthomonas campestris pv. tardicrescens
- Xanthomonas campestris pv. translucens
- Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria
The former pv. citri, which causes citrus canker
Citrus canker
Citrus canker is a disease affecting citrus species that is caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas axonopodis. Infection causes lesions on the leaves, stems, and fruit of citrus trees, including lime, oranges, and grapefruit...
, was reclassified as X. axonopodis in 1995 Xanthomonas campestris#cite note-0. In 2006, the species designations for pv. citri and malvacearum were revised to X. citri and these pathovars are now referred to as subspecies Xanthomonas campestris#cite note-1.