Xiangfan
Encyclopedia
Xiangyang is a prefecture-level city in Hubei Province of the People's Republic of China
. It was formed from two famous ancient cities, Xiangyang and Fancheng
. It was known as Xiangfan (襄樊; pinyin: Xiāngfán) until December 2nd, 2010.
of Xiangyang administers 9 county-level divisions, including 3 districts, 3 county-level cities
and 3 counties.
Xiangyang city is divided by the Han River, which runs through its heart and divides the city north-south. The city itself is an incorporation of two once separate, ancient cities: Fancheng
and Xiangzhou. What remains of old Xianyang is located south of the Han River
and contains one of the oldest still-intact city walls in China while Fancheng was located to the north of the Han River. Both cities served prominent historical roles in both the Ancient and Pre-Modern Periods of Chinese history. Today, the city is the second largest in Hubei
, located about halfway between Wuhan
and Xi'an
. Xiangyang has an urban population of around 466,000 while its outlying county contains approximately 5,787,700 people.
The government website of Xiangyang City (襄陽市): http://www.xf.gov.cn/
These are further divided into 159 township-level divisions, including 106 towns, 29 townships and 24 subdistrict
s.
period in 191 A.D. between Sun Jian and Liu Biao
and in 1267-1273 A.D. between the Southern Song and the Mongols
.
Its major scenic spots and cultural sites include Xiangyang City Moat, the Pseudo-classic Street, Ancient Longzhong, Memorial Temple to Mi Fu, Lumen Temple.
The wall of Xiangfan city is very old, but the condition is fine now. The region's premier tourist attractions are Dahongshan scenic area and some historical relics, including the Lumenshan relic, the Zhanggongci Temple, the Cheng' en Monastery, and the Baishui Monastery.
-influenced, four season humid subtropical climate
(Köppen
Cfa), with cold, damp (but comparatively dry), winters, and hot, humid summers. Monthly daily averages range from 2.6 °C (36.7 °F) in January to 27.3 °C (81.1 °F) in July, with an annual mean temperature of 15.5 °C (59.9 °F). Humidity tends to be high year-round, exacerbating temperature extremes, though rainfall is noticeably greater during the summer months.
, ilmenite
, phosphorus
, barite
, coal, iron, aluminum, gold, manganese
, nitre, and rock salt. The reserves of rutile and ilmenite rank highly in China. Textile production is the mainstay industry of Xiangfan followed by machinery manufacture, chemical processing, electronics, and manufacture of construction materials. Agricultural resources are significant with Xiangfan's chief farm products including grain, cotton, vegetable oil crops, tobacco, tea and fruit. As the home of Dongfeng Motors, Xiangfan is a well known automobile hub. In addition, there are a number of chemical fibre enterprises in the city including Birla Jingwei Fibres, a member of the Aditya Birla Group
.
, Wuhan-Danjiangkou (Handan), and Jiaozuo-Liuzhou (Jiaoliu) Railways. Three National Highways including Route 207
pass through the city. The Han River and four other rivers are open to commercial navigation year-round. The Xiangfan Airport
has commercial airline service to major cities throughout China including Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou.
People's Republic of China
China , officially the People's Republic of China , is the most populous country in the world, with over 1.3 billion citizens. Located in East Asia, the country covers approximately 9.6 million square kilometres...
. It was formed from two famous ancient cities, Xiangyang and Fancheng
Fancheng
Fancheng District is a district of Xiangfan, Hubei, China.-History:Fancheng was an ancient Chinese city in Hubei, situated on the northern side of the Han River, opposite Xiangyang on the southern side of the river...
. It was known as Xiangfan (襄樊; pinyin: Xiāngfán) until December 2nd, 2010.
Administration
The prefecture-level cityPrefecture-level city
A prefectural level city , prefectural city or prefectural level municipality is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China, ranking below a province and above a county in China's administrative structure. Prefectural level cities form the second level of the administrative...
of Xiangyang administers 9 county-level divisions, including 3 districts, 3 county-level cities
County-level city
A county-level city is a county-level administrative division of mainland China. County-level cities are usually governed by prefecture-level divisions, but a few are governed directly by province-level divisions....
and 3 counties.
Xiangyang city is divided by the Han River, which runs through its heart and divides the city north-south. The city itself is an incorporation of two once separate, ancient cities: Fancheng
Fancheng
Fancheng District is a district of Xiangfan, Hubei, China.-History:Fancheng was an ancient Chinese city in Hubei, situated on the northern side of the Han River, opposite Xiangyang on the southern side of the river...
and Xiangzhou. What remains of old Xianyang is located south of the Han River
Han River (Hanshui)
The Han River is a left tributary of the Yangtze River with a length of 1532 km. Historically it was referred to as Hànshuǐ and the name is still occasionally used today....
and contains one of the oldest still-intact city walls in China while Fancheng was located to the north of the Han River. Both cities served prominent historical roles in both the Ancient and Pre-Modern Periods of Chinese history. Today, the city is the second largest in Hubei
Hubei
' Hupeh) is a province in Central China. The name of the province means "north of the lake", referring to its position north of Lake Dongting...
, located about halfway between Wuhan
Wuhan
Wuhan is the capital of Hubei province, People's Republic of China, and is the most populous city in Central China. It lies at the east of the Jianghan Plain, and the intersection of the middle reaches of the Yangtze and Han rivers...
and Xi'an
Xi'an
Xi'an is the capital of the Shaanxi province, and a sub-provincial city in the People's Republic of China. One of the oldest cities in China, with more than 3,100 years of history, the city was known as Chang'an before the Ming Dynasty...
. Xiangyang has an urban population of around 466,000 while its outlying county contains approximately 5,787,700 people.
The government website of Xiangyang City (襄陽市): http://www.xf.gov.cn/
- Xiangzhou District (襄州区: Xiangyang Govn't Website:http://www.hbxy.gov.cn/
- Xiangcheng DistrictXiangcheng DistrictXiangcheng District is a sub-city-level region in Xiangfan City, Hubei province, People's Republic of China....
(襄城区) - Fancheng District (樊城区)
- Zaoyang City (枣阳市)
- Yicheng CityYicheng, HubeiYicheng is a city district of Hubei, China. It is under the administration of Xiangfan city....
(宜城市) - Laohekou City (老河口市)
- Nanzhang CountyNanzhang CountyNanzhang County is a county of Hubei, China. It is under the administration of Xiangfan city....
(南漳县) - Gucheng County (谷城县)
- Baokang CountyBaokang CountyBaokang County is a county of Hubei, China. It is under the administration of Xiangfan city....
(保康县)
These are further divided into 159 township-level divisions, including 106 towns, 29 townships and 24 subdistrict
Subdistrict
Subdistrict is a low level administrative division of a country. In Thailand it may refer to the King Amphoe or to the Tambon. In England and Wales it was part of a Registration district....
s.
History
Xiangfan is a famous national-level historical and cultural city in China, with a history of over 2800 years. It was the location of major battles during the Three KingdomsThree Kingdoms
The Three Kingdoms period was a period in Chinese history, part of an era of disunity called the "Six Dynasties" following immediately the loss of de facto power of the Han Dynasty rulers. In a strict academic sense it refers to the period between the foundation of the state of Wei in 220 and the...
period in 191 A.D. between Sun Jian and Liu Biao
Battle of Xiangyang (191)
The Battle of Xiangyang in 191 was a battle fought between Sun Jian and Liu Biao during the prelude to the Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history. Liu Biao emerged victorious against Sun Jian's forces...
and in 1267-1273 A.D. between the Southern Song and the Mongols
Battle of Xiangyang
The Battle of Xiangyang also known as the Battle of Xiangfan was a six-year battle between invading Yuan Dynasty armies founded by the Mongols and Southern Song forces between AD 1267 and 1273. After the battle, the victorious Yuan forces pushed farther into the Song heartland...
.
Its major scenic spots and cultural sites include Xiangyang City Moat, the Pseudo-classic Street, Ancient Longzhong, Memorial Temple to Mi Fu, Lumen Temple.
The wall of Xiangfan city is very old, but the condition is fine now. The region's premier tourist attractions are Dahongshan scenic area and some historical relics, including the Lumenshan relic, the Zhanggongci Temple, the Cheng' en Monastery, and the Baishui Monastery.
Geography
Xiangyang has a monsoonMonsoon
Monsoon is traditionally defined as a seasonal reversing wind accompanied by corresponding changes in precipitation, but is now used to describe seasonal changes in atmospheric circulation and precipitation associated with the asymmetric heating of land and sea...
-influenced, four season humid subtropical climate
Humid subtropical climate
A humid subtropical climate is a climate zone characterized by hot, humid summers and mild to cool winters...
(Köppen
Köppen climate classification
The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by Crimea German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen himself, notably in 1918 and 1936...
Cfa), with cold, damp (but comparatively dry), winters, and hot, humid summers. Monthly daily averages range from 2.6 °C (36.7 °F) in January to 27.3 °C (81.1 °F) in July, with an annual mean temperature of 15.5 °C (59.9 °F). Humidity tends to be high year-round, exacerbating temperature extremes, though rainfall is noticeably greater during the summer months.
Economy
Xiangyang possesses large water energy resources whilst its mineral deposits include rutileRutile
Rutile is a mineral composed primarily of titanium dioxide, TiO2.Rutile is the most common natural form of TiO2. Two rarer polymorphs of TiO2 are known:...
, ilmenite
Ilmenite
Ilmenite is a weakly magnetic titanium-iron oxide mineral which is iron-black or steel-gray. It is a crystalline iron titanium oxide . It crystallizes in the trigonal system, and it has the same crystal structure as corundum and hematite....
, phosphorus
Phosphorus
Phosphorus is the chemical element that has the symbol P and atomic number 15. A multivalent nonmetal of the nitrogen group, phosphorus as a mineral is almost always present in its maximally oxidized state, as inorganic phosphate rocks...
, barite
Barite
Baryte, or barite, is a mineral consisting of barium sulfate. The baryte group consists of baryte, celestine, anglesite and anhydrite. Baryte itself is generally white or colorless, and is the main source of barium...
, coal, iron, aluminum, gold, manganese
Manganese
Manganese is a chemical element, designated by the symbol Mn. It has the atomic number 25. It is found as a free element in nature , and in many minerals...
, nitre, and rock salt. The reserves of rutile and ilmenite rank highly in China. Textile production is the mainstay industry of Xiangfan followed by machinery manufacture, chemical processing, electronics, and manufacture of construction materials. Agricultural resources are significant with Xiangfan's chief farm products including grain, cotton, vegetable oil crops, tobacco, tea and fruit. As the home of Dongfeng Motors, Xiangfan is a well known automobile hub. In addition, there are a number of chemical fibre enterprises in the city including Birla Jingwei Fibres, a member of the Aditya Birla Group
Aditya Birla Group
The Aditya Birla Group is an Indian multinational conglomerate corporation headquartered in Mumbai, India. It operates in 33 countries with more than 133,000 employees worldwide...
.
Transportation
Rail and highway transportation facilities in Xiangfan are very good. Xiangfan is a railway junction for the Xiangfan-Chongqing (Xiangyu)Xiangyu Railway
The Xiangyang-Chongqing Railway or Xiangyu Railway , also known as the Xiangfan-Chongqing Railway and Xiangyu Line , is a single-track electrified railroad in central China between the cities of Xiangyang, formerly known as Xiangfan, and Chongqing. The short form name for Chongqing is Yu and the...
, Wuhan-Danjiangkou (Handan), and Jiaozuo-Liuzhou (Jiaoliu) Railways. Three National Highways including Route 207
China National Highway 207
China National Highway 207 runs from Xilinhot, Inner Mongolia to Hai'an, Guangdong Province. It is 3,738 kilometres in length and runs south from Xilinhot towards Hebei Province, Shanxi Province, Henan Province, Hubei Province, Guangxi Province, and ends in Guangdong Province.-Route and...
pass through the city. The Han River and four other rivers are open to commercial navigation year-round. The Xiangfan Airport
Xiangfan Airport
Xiangfan Airport is an airport in Xiangfan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China .-Airlines and destinations:...
has commercial airline service to major cities throughout China including Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou.
External links
- Government website of Xiangyang (in Simplified Chinese)
- Exploring Chinese History :: Geographical Database Entry