Yang Jia Jiang
Encyclopedia
Yang Jia Jiang is a collection of folk tales, plays and novels, which detail the exploits of the Yang clan over four generations during the Northern Song Dynasty
. The stories recount the unflinching loyalty of the members of the Yang clan, and of how they defended the Song Dynasty's borders from foreign invaders. However, most of these tales deviate from actual historical records.
, written by Toktoghan
during the Yuan Dynasty
.
The Yang clan started with Yang Ye (楊業), a general of the Northern Han
Dynasty. Yang Ye was nicknamed "Peerless" (無敵) due to his tactical prowess and unmatched gallantry in battle. He came to serve Emperor Taizong
after Northern Han surrendered to the Song Dynasty. Emperor Taizong placed great faith in Yang Ye and commissioned him to defend Song's northern border from the Khitan
-ruled Liao Dynasty
. Yang Ye proved his capability by defeating the Khitans in a battle at Yan Pass (雁門), instilling fear in the enemy but incurring the jealousy of some Song officials as well.
In 986 the Song armies embarked on a northern campaign to attack the Liao Dynasty. One force, led by Pan Mei (潘美) and Yang Ye, swiftly conquered Yunzhou (雲州), Yingzhou (應州), Huanzhou (寰州) and Shuozhou (朔州). However, another Song army led by Cao Bin (曹彬) was defeated by Liao forces. Pan Mei and Yang Ye led their troops to protect the civilians of the four conquered cities as they retreated back to Song territory. They were attacked by the main enemy force along the way and Pan Mei forced Yang Ye to lead an army to resist the enemy. Yang Ye engaged the Liao forces in a bloody battle at Chenjia Valley (陳家谷). Yang Ye's son Yang Yanyu (楊延玉) was killed in battle while Yang Ye himself was captured by Liao forces. Yang Ye starved himself to death over the next three days.
The most outstanding of Yang Ye's surviving sons was Yang Yanzhao (楊延昭), who was initially named Yang Yanlang (楊延朗). Yang Ye even once commented that Yang Yanzhao resembled him the most of all his sons. Yang Yanzhao continued defending Song's northern border for more than two decades and the Khitans were afraid of him. In 1004 during the reign of Emperor Zhenzong
, when the Liao army invaded Song territory, Yang Yanzhao led his troops to attack Liao lands and captured the enemy city of Gucheng (古城).
Yang Yanzhao had three sons - oldest son Yang Chuanyong (楊傳永), second son Yang Dezheng (楊德政), third son Yang Wenguang (楊文廣). The older two sons were only mentioned in Longping Ji (隆平集) and not in the History of Song. When he was still a youth, Yang Wenguang's talent was recognized by the chancellor Fan Zhongyan
, who accepted him as an assistant. Yang Wenguang also followed general Di Qing
(狄青) on a southern campaign before, and was tasked with defending Song's western border from the kingdom of Western Xia
. When Song and Liao fought for control over Daizhou (代州), Yang Wenguang presented a strategy to the Song emperor for conquering Liao's heartland in Youzhou (幽州). He died of illness not long afterwards.
(comics), films and television dramas. Supporting characters in these stories include historical figures such as Zhao Defang (趙德芳; more commonly known as the Eighth Virtuous Prince 八賢王), Kou Zhun (寇準), Bao Zheng (包拯), Pan Mei (潘美; sometimes known as Pan Renmei 潘仁美), Wang Qinruo (王欽若) and Pang Ji (龐籍). Some of the tales involve another famous Song general Huyan Zan
(呼延贊), who also has a similar collection of stories about his clan, in the form of a novel titled Hu Jia Jiang (呼家將; Generals of the Hu Family).
In the stories, Yang Ye was also known as Yang Linggong (楊令公) and he was the patriarch of the Yang clan. He had nine children with his wife She Saihua (佘賽花), who was also known as She Taijun (佘太君) and Yang Linggpo (楊令婆). Their children are listed as follows:
Yang Ye's three oldest sons were killed in the battle of Golden Beach (金沙灘) when they acted as decoys for Emperor Taizong of Song
to escape from a city besieged by Liao forces. Yang Yanhui was captured by the enemy during the battle and brought before the Liao regent Empress Dowager Xiao. Yang Yanhui lied that his name was Mu Yi (木昜). The empress dowager favoured him and allowed him to marry Princess Qiong'e (瓊娥), so Yang Yanhui became a prince consort of Liao. Yang Yanshun also encountered a similar fate as Yang Yanhui and he married Princess Cuiyun (催雲). Yang Yanhui later found a chance to return to Song territory and reunite with his mother. Yang Yande fought his way out and escaped to Mount Wutai, where he became a monk.
In a later battle at Mount Twin Wolves (兩狼山), Pan Renmei, who harboured a grudge against the Yang clan, used the opportunity to take revenge. Yang Ye was at the frontline fighting Liao forces when he became outnumbered. He sent Yang Yansi to break out of the encirclement and request for reinforcements from Pan Renmei, who was commanding the main army. Pan Renmei did not send aid to Yang Ye and he had Yang Yansi killed because the latter killed his son in an earlier incident. The helpless Yang Ye firmly refused to surrender and committed suicide by knocking his head against a stone tablet bearing Li Ling's name.
The last surviving son of Yang Ye, Yang Yanzhao, married Princess Chai Meirong and they had a son named Yang Zongbao (楊宗保). His subordinates include Meng Liang (孟良) and Jiao Zan (焦贊). In a later battle between Song and Liao, Liao forces set up a Heaven Gate Formation (天門陣), which prevented the Song army from advancing. Meng Liang went to Mount Wutai to seek help from Yang Yande. Around the same time, Yang Zongbao travelled to the Muke Fort (穆柯寨) in search of the Dragon Subduing Wood (降龍木), which would help in breaking the Heaven Gate Formation. There, Yang Zongbao met Mu Guiying (穆桂英), who eventually became his wife. Yang Zongbao, Mu Guiying, Yang Yande and other members of the Yang clan combined forces to break the Heaven Gate Formation and score a victory over the Liao army.
Yang Zongbao and Mu Guiying had a daughter named Yang Jinhua (楊金花; sometimes known as Yang Xuanniang 楊宣娘) and a son named Yang Wenguang (楊文廣).
When Yang Yanzhao died, there were few males left in the Yang clan. Around that time, Western Xia
invaded Song, and Yang Zongbao had been killed in action, so the twelve women in the clan participated in the campaign against Western Xia. The women generals of the Yang clan proved that they were not inferior to their male counterparts.
wrote a Beijing opera
to a Chinese libretto titled Yang Men Nü Jiang . The opera was based on the Yangju opera Commanding the Troops at 100 Years Old, and was first performed in 1960 by the China Peking Opera Company. The opera is set during the war between the Northern Song Dynasty
and the Kingdom of Western Xia
, after the death of Song general Yang Zongbao. Yang Zongbao's 100 year old grandmother, She Saihua, along with Mu Guiying and other widows of the Yang clan, lead the Song army to resist the invaders.
In 2000 Du Mingxin also produced a symphonic version of the opera for the China Philharmonic Orchestra
(CPO), consisting of an overture, three movements and an epilogue. This was the first symphonic work commissioned for the newly established CPO at that time.
Song Dynasty
The Song Dynasty was a ruling dynasty in China between 960 and 1279; it succeeded the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period, and was followed by the Yuan Dynasty. It was the first government in world history to issue banknotes or paper money, and the first Chinese government to establish a...
. The stories recount the unflinching loyalty of the members of the Yang clan, and of how they defended the Song Dynasty's borders from foreign invaders. However, most of these tales deviate from actual historical records.
Historical basis
Limited details about the Yang clan were provided in the historical text History of SongHistory of Song
The History of Song or Song Shi is one of the official Chinese historical works known as the Twenty-Four Histories of China that records the history of the Song Dynasty...
, written by Toktoghan
Toktoghan
Toktoghan , also called "The Great Historian Tuotuo", was a Yuan Dynasty official historian and high minister of the Yuan emperor. With the purge and murder of him, the Yuan court might have lost its last chance to defeat the Red Turban Rebellion, which started in the early 1350s.- Biography...
during the Yuan Dynasty
Yuan Dynasty
The Yuan Dynasty , or Great Yuan Empire was a ruling dynasty founded by the Mongol leader Kublai Khan, who ruled most of present-day China, all of modern Mongolia and its surrounding areas, lasting officially from 1271 to 1368. It is considered both as a division of the Mongol Empire and as an...
.
The Yang clan started with Yang Ye (楊業), a general of the Northern Han
Northern Han
The Northern Han kingdom is a state of the Ten Kingdoms in the Period of Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms. It was founded by Liu Min , formerly known as Liu Chong , and lasted from 951 – 979.-Founding of the Northern Han:...
Dynasty. Yang Ye was nicknamed "Peerless" (無敵) due to his tactical prowess and unmatched gallantry in battle. He came to serve Emperor Taizong
Emperor Taizong of Song
Emperor Taizong , born Zhao Kuangyi, was the second emperor of the Song Dynasty of China from 976 to 997. He was the younger brother of Emperor Taizu. His temple name Taizong means "Grand Ancestor".-Overview:...
after Northern Han surrendered to the Song Dynasty. Emperor Taizong placed great faith in Yang Ye and commissioned him to defend Song's northern border from the Khitan
Khitan people
thumb|250px|Khitans [[Eagle hunting|using eagles to hunt]], painted during the Chinese [[Song Dynasty]].The Khitan people , or Khitai, Kitan, or Kidan, were a nomadic Mongolic people, originally located at Mongolia and Manchuria from the 4th century...
-ruled Liao Dynasty
Liao Dynasty
The Liao Dynasty , also known as the Khitan Empire was an empire in East Asia that ruled over the regions of Manchuria, Mongolia, and parts of northern China proper between 9071125...
. Yang Ye proved his capability by defeating the Khitans in a battle at Yan Pass (雁門), instilling fear in the enemy but incurring the jealousy of some Song officials as well.
In 986 the Song armies embarked on a northern campaign to attack the Liao Dynasty. One force, led by Pan Mei (潘美) and Yang Ye, swiftly conquered Yunzhou (雲州), Yingzhou (應州), Huanzhou (寰州) and Shuozhou (朔州). However, another Song army led by Cao Bin (曹彬) was defeated by Liao forces. Pan Mei and Yang Ye led their troops to protect the civilians of the four conquered cities as they retreated back to Song territory. They were attacked by the main enemy force along the way and Pan Mei forced Yang Ye to lead an army to resist the enemy. Yang Ye engaged the Liao forces in a bloody battle at Chenjia Valley (陳家谷). Yang Ye's son Yang Yanyu (楊延玉) was killed in battle while Yang Ye himself was captured by Liao forces. Yang Ye starved himself to death over the next three days.
The most outstanding of Yang Ye's surviving sons was Yang Yanzhao (楊延昭), who was initially named Yang Yanlang (楊延朗). Yang Ye even once commented that Yang Yanzhao resembled him the most of all his sons. Yang Yanzhao continued defending Song's northern border for more than two decades and the Khitans were afraid of him. In 1004 during the reign of Emperor Zhenzong
Emperor Zhenzong of Song
Emperor Zhenzong was the third emperor of the Song Dynasty of China. He reigned from 997 to 1022. Zhenzong was the third son of Emperor Taizong. His personal name was Zhao Heng and his temple name Zhenzong means "True Ancestor".Zhenzong's reign was noted for the consolidation of power and the...
, when the Liao army invaded Song territory, Yang Yanzhao led his troops to attack Liao lands and captured the enemy city of Gucheng (古城).
Yang Yanzhao had three sons - oldest son Yang Chuanyong (楊傳永), second son Yang Dezheng (楊德政), third son Yang Wenguang (楊文廣). The older two sons were only mentioned in Longping Ji (隆平集) and not in the History of Song. When he was still a youth, Yang Wenguang's talent was recognized by the chancellor Fan Zhongyan
Fan Zhongyan
Fan Zhongyan , born in Wuxian , Suzhou , was a prominent politician and literary figure in Song dynasty China. He was also a strategist and educator...
, who accepted him as an assistant. Yang Wenguang also followed general Di Qing
Di Qing
Di Qing , style name Hanchen , was a military general of the Northern Song Dynasty. He was born to a poor family in Xihe, Fenzhou . He sported tattoos on his face and excelled in mounted archery...
(狄青) on a southern campaign before, and was tasked with defending Song's western border from the kingdom of Western Xia
Western Xia
The Western Xia Dynasty or the Tangut Empire, was known to the Tanguts and the Tibetans as Minyak.The state existed from 1038 to 1227 AD in what are now the northwestern Chinese provinces of Ningxia, Gansu, eastern Qinghai, northern Shaanxi, northeastern Xinjiang, southwest Inner Mongolia, and...
. When Song and Liao fought for control over Daizhou (代州), Yang Wenguang presented a strategy to the Song emperor for conquering Liao's heartland in Youzhou (幽州). He died of illness not long afterwards.
Stories of the Yang clan
Stories about the Yang clan have been retold in the form of folk tales, stage plays and opera, novels, manhuaManhua
Manhua are Chinese comics originally produced in China. Possibly due to their greater degree of artistic freedom of expression and closer international ties with Japan, Hong Kong and Taiwan have been the places of publication of most manhua thus far, often including Chinese translations of...
(comics), films and television dramas. Supporting characters in these stories include historical figures such as Zhao Defang (趙德芳; more commonly known as the Eighth Virtuous Prince 八賢王), Kou Zhun (寇準), Bao Zheng (包拯), Pan Mei (潘美; sometimes known as Pan Renmei 潘仁美), Wang Qinruo (王欽若) and Pang Ji (龐籍). Some of the tales involve another famous Song general Huyan Zan
Huyan Zan
Huyan Zan was a military general who lived during the Northern Song Dynasty period of Chinese history.-Biography:Huyan Zan's ancestral home was in Taiyuan, Bingzhou . His family was of Xiongnu origin and was gradually assimilated into Han Chinese society after the Western and Eastern Jin dynasties...
(呼延贊), who also has a similar collection of stories about his clan, in the form of a novel titled Hu Jia Jiang (呼家將; Generals of the Hu Family).
In the stories, Yang Ye was also known as Yang Linggong (楊令公) and he was the patriarch of the Yang clan. He had nine children with his wife She Saihua (佘賽花), who was also known as She Taijun (佘太君) and Yang Linggpo (楊令婆). Their children are listed as follows:
- Oldest son Yang Yuanping (楊淵平), also known as Yang Yanping (楊延平), married Zhang Jinding (張金定)
- Second son Yang Yanding (楊延定), married Yun Cuiying (雲翠英)
- Third son Yang Yan'an (楊延安), married Luo Sumei (羅素梅)
- Fourth son Yang Yanhui (楊延輝), married Lady Luo (羅氏女) and Yelü Qiong'e (耶律瓊娥)
- Fifth son Yang Yande (楊延德), married Ma Saiying (馬賽英)
- Sixth son Yang Yanzhao (楊延昭), married Chai Meirong (柴美容)
- Seventh son Yang Yansi (楊延嗣), married Du Jin'e (杜金娥)
- Older daughter Yang Yanqi (楊延琪)
- Younger daughter Yang Yanying (楊延瑛)
- (Adopted) eighth son Yang Yanshun (楊延順), birth name Wang Ying (王英), son of Yang Ye's late friend Wang Ziming (王子明), married Jiang Cuiping (姜翠屏) and Yelü Cuiyun (耶律催雲). In most films and television series about the Yang Jia Jiang, the character of Yang Yanshun is merged with Yang Yanhui due to similarities in their respective stories.
Yang Ye's three oldest sons were killed in the battle of Golden Beach (金沙灘) when they acted as decoys for Emperor Taizong of Song
Emperor Taizong of Song
Emperor Taizong , born Zhao Kuangyi, was the second emperor of the Song Dynasty of China from 976 to 997. He was the younger brother of Emperor Taizu. His temple name Taizong means "Grand Ancestor".-Overview:...
to escape from a city besieged by Liao forces. Yang Yanhui was captured by the enemy during the battle and brought before the Liao regent Empress Dowager Xiao. Yang Yanhui lied that his name was Mu Yi (木昜). The empress dowager favoured him and allowed him to marry Princess Qiong'e (瓊娥), so Yang Yanhui became a prince consort of Liao. Yang Yanshun also encountered a similar fate as Yang Yanhui and he married Princess Cuiyun (催雲). Yang Yanhui later found a chance to return to Song territory and reunite with his mother. Yang Yande fought his way out and escaped to Mount Wutai, where he became a monk.
In a later battle at Mount Twin Wolves (兩狼山), Pan Renmei, who harboured a grudge against the Yang clan, used the opportunity to take revenge. Yang Ye was at the frontline fighting Liao forces when he became outnumbered. He sent Yang Yansi to break out of the encirclement and request for reinforcements from Pan Renmei, who was commanding the main army. Pan Renmei did not send aid to Yang Ye and he had Yang Yansi killed because the latter killed his son in an earlier incident. The helpless Yang Ye firmly refused to surrender and committed suicide by knocking his head against a stone tablet bearing Li Ling's name.
The last surviving son of Yang Ye, Yang Yanzhao, married Princess Chai Meirong and they had a son named Yang Zongbao (楊宗保). His subordinates include Meng Liang (孟良) and Jiao Zan (焦贊). In a later battle between Song and Liao, Liao forces set up a Heaven Gate Formation (天門陣), which prevented the Song army from advancing. Meng Liang went to Mount Wutai to seek help from Yang Yande. Around the same time, Yang Zongbao travelled to the Muke Fort (穆柯寨) in search of the Dragon Subduing Wood (降龍木), which would help in breaking the Heaven Gate Formation. There, Yang Zongbao met Mu Guiying (穆桂英), who eventually became his wife. Yang Zongbao, Mu Guiying, Yang Yande and other members of the Yang clan combined forces to break the Heaven Gate Formation and score a victory over the Liao army.
Yang Zongbao and Mu Guiying had a daughter named Yang Jinhua (楊金花; sometimes known as Yang Xuanniang 楊宣娘) and a son named Yang Wenguang (楊文廣).
When Yang Yanzhao died, there were few males left in the Yang clan. Around that time, Western Xia
Western Xia
The Western Xia Dynasty or the Tangut Empire, was known to the Tanguts and the Tibetans as Minyak.The state existed from 1038 to 1227 AD in what are now the northwestern Chinese provinces of Ningxia, Gansu, eastern Qinghai, northern Shaanxi, northeastern Xinjiang, southwest Inner Mongolia, and...
invaded Song, and Yang Zongbao had been killed in action, so the twelve women in the clan participated in the campaign against Western Xia. The women generals of the Yang clan proved that they were not inferior to their male counterparts.
In literature
The stories of the Yang clan have an impact on Chinese literature as well.- "Blue Faced Beast" Yang Zhi (楊志), a character in the classical novel Water MarginWater MarginWater Margin , also known as Outlaws of the Marsh, All Men Are Brothers, Men of the Marshes, or The Marshes of Mount Liang, is one of the Four Great Classical Novels of Chinese literature.Attributed to Shi Nai'an and written in vernacular Chinese, the story, set in the Song Dynasty,...
, is a fictitious descendant of Yang Ye.
- Yang Zaixing (楊再興), a general of the Southern Song Dynasty, is also said to be a descendant of Yang Ye in Shuo Yue Quanzhuan (說岳全傳), a semi-fictional biography of Yue FeiYue FeiYue Fei , style name Pengju, was a military general of the Southern Song Dynasty. His ancestral home was in Xiaoti, Yonghe Village, Tangyin, Xiangzhou, Henan...
. Yang Zaixing had two sons - Yang Zhengyuan (楊正園) and Yang Zhengguo (楊正國).
- In Louis Cha's Condor TrilogyCondor TrilogyThe Condor Trilogy is a trilogy of three wuxia novels by Jin Yong.The novels in the trilogy are:*The Legend of the Condor Heroes *The Return of the Condor Heroes...
, Yang Tiexin (楊鐵心), Yang KangYang KangYang Kang is the fictional antagonist and the foil to the protagonist, Guo Jing, in Jin Yong's wuxia novel The Legend of the Condor Heroes.-Birth and heritage:...
(楊康) and Yang GuoYang GuoYang Guo, style name Gaizhi , is the fictional protagonist of the wuxia novel The Return of the Condor Heroes by Jin Yong....
(楊過) are fictitious descendants of Yang Zaixing.
In opera and music
Composer Du MingxinDu Mingxin
Du Mingxin is a Chinese composer known for his work on ballets, concertos and a symphonic Beijing Opera.His youthful studies include a spell at the famous Yucai School in Chongqing. He moved to Shanghai in 1948, where he performed as a pianist...
wrote a Beijing opera
Beijing opera
Peking opera or Beijing opera is a form of traditional Chinese theatre which combines music, vocal performance, mime, dance and acrobatics. It arose in the late 18th century and became fully developed and recognized by the mid-19th century. The form was extremely popular in the Qing Dynasty court...
to a Chinese libretto titled Yang Men Nü Jiang . The opera was based on the Yangju opera Commanding the Troops at 100 Years Old, and was first performed in 1960 by the China Peking Opera Company. The opera is set during the war between the Northern Song Dynasty
Song Dynasty
The Song Dynasty was a ruling dynasty in China between 960 and 1279; it succeeded the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period, and was followed by the Yuan Dynasty. It was the first government in world history to issue banknotes or paper money, and the first Chinese government to establish a...
and the Kingdom of Western Xia
Western Xia
The Western Xia Dynasty or the Tangut Empire, was known to the Tanguts and the Tibetans as Minyak.The state existed from 1038 to 1227 AD in what are now the northwestern Chinese provinces of Ningxia, Gansu, eastern Qinghai, northern Shaanxi, northeastern Xinjiang, southwest Inner Mongolia, and...
, after the death of Song general Yang Zongbao. Yang Zongbao's 100 year old grandmother, She Saihua, along with Mu Guiying and other widows of the Yang clan, lead the Song army to resist the invaders.
In 2000 Du Mingxin also produced a symphonic version of the opera for the China Philharmonic Orchestra
China Philharmonic Orchestra
The China Philharmonic Orchestra is an orchestra founded in Beijing, China on May 25, 2000, based on the previous "China Broadcasting Symphony Orchestra"...
(CPO), consisting of an overture, three movements and an epilogue. This was the first symphonic work commissioned for the newly established CPO at that time.
Films
| Year | | Production | | Additional information |
|---|---|---|
| 1972 | Shaw Brothers Studio Shaw Brothers Studio The Shaw Brothers Studio , owned by Shaw Brothers Ltd., was the foremost and the largest movie production company of Hong Kong movies.From their distribution base in Singapore where they founded parent company Shaw Organization in 1924, and as a strategic development of their movie distribution... (Hong Kong) |
See The 14 Amazons The 14 Amazons The 14 Amazons is a 1972 Hong Kong wuxia film produced by the Shaw Brothers Studio and featuring a predominantly female cast. The story is about the female Generals of the Yang Clan.-Plot:... |
| 2011 | Beijing Century Culture Communication Co., Ltd. & Chung Films (Mainland China) |
See Legendary Amazons Legendary Amazons Legendary Amazons is a 2011 Chinese film based on the stories of the Yang Clan Generals. The film is directed by Frankie Chan and stars Cecilia Cheung, Richie Ren, Liu Xiaoqing, Cheng Pei-pei, Kathy Chow, Chen Zihan and Jin Qiaoqiao... |
| 2012 | Henan Province Film and Television Production Group Co., Ltd. (Hong Kong) |
Titled Saving General Yang (忠烈楊家將) |
Television series
| Year | | Production | | Additional information |
|---|---|---|
| 1981 | TVB Television Broadcasts Limited Television Broadcasts Limited, commonly known as TVB, is the second over-the-air commercial television station in Hong Kong. It commenced broadcasting on 19 November 1967... (Hong Kong) |
Titled Young's Female Warrior (楊門女將) |
| 1984 | TTV Taiwan Television Taiwan Television Enterprise, Ltd. , commonly known as TTV is launched), is the first television broadcast station in Taiwan... (Taiwan) |
Titled Jagged Yang Warriors (鐵血楊家將) |
| 1985 | TVB (Hong Kong) |
See The Yang's Saga The Yang's Saga The Yang's Saga is a 1985 Hong Kong miniseries based on a series of novels and plays titled Generals of the Yang Clan. The series is a grand production by the television station TVB. The original broadcast period on TVB Jade was from 23 to 28 September 1985, within the night time slot for Enjoy... |
| 1989 | CTS Chinese Television System Chinese Television System is a broadcast television station in Republic of China .-History:Founded on October 31, 1971, CTS started off as a joint venture between the ROC's Ministry of National Defense and the Ministry of Education. At the time of its establishment, CTS was the only VHF-supported... (Taiwan) |
Titled The Courageous Mu Guiying (一門英烈穆桂英) |
| 1991 | SXTV Shanxi Television Shanxi Television , is a television network in the Taiyuan and Shanxi province. It was founded and started to broadcast on November 2004. SXTV currently broadcasts in Jinhua.-External links:*... (Mainland China) |
Titled Generals of the Yang Clan (楊家將) |
| 1994 | ATV Asia Television Limited Asia Television Limited is one of the two free-to-air television broadcasters in Hong Kong, the other being rival Television Broadcasts Limited . It launched in 1957 under the name Rediffusion Television as the first television station in Hong Kong... (Hong Kong) |
Titled Heroic Legend of the Yang's Family (碧血青天楊家將) |
| Titled The Great General (碧血青天珍珠旗) | ||
| 1998 | Titled The Heroine of The Yangs (穆桂英) | |
| 2001 | Chinese Entertainment Shanghai (Mainland China) |
Titled Legendary Fighter - Yang's Heroine (楊門女將—女兒當自強) |
| 2004 | Beijing Supernova Cultural Exchanges Co., Ltd. (Mainland China) |
Titled Heroine Mu Guiying (巾幗英雄穆桂英) |
| 2005 | Beijing Cultural Development Co., Ltd. (Mainland China) |
Titled Warriors of the Yang Clan (楊門虎將) |
| 2006 | Chinese Entertainment Shanghai, Huayi Brothers Huayi Brothers Huayi Brothers Media is a movie producer and record label, founded in China in 1994 by two brothers Huang Zhongjun and Huang Zhonglei.-History:... (Mainland China) |
See The Young Warriors |
| 2011 | Shaanxi Yangjiajiang Film & Television Culture Co., Ltd. (Mainland China) |
Titled Generals of the Yang Clan (楊家將) |