Yernes y Tameza
Encyclopedia
Yernes y Tameza is a municipality in the Autonomous Community of the Principality of Asturias, Spain
. It is situated in the east-central zone of the principality, between mountains high along the Cubia River. It is bordered on the west, north, and northeast by Grado
, on the southeast by Proaza
, and on the south by Teverga
. The municipality has an abrupt topography, most notable in the peak Caldoveiru (1,357 m) and the Tameza River, which crosses the municipality from south to north.
It is one of the smallest municipalities in Asturias. Its current population (according to the 2005 census) of 197 (99 male and 98 female) is the smallest among the Asturian municipalities.
The province is named after its two parishes
, Yernes
and Tameza
("y" is Spanish for "and"). The capital is Villabre; other villages include: Fojó, Vendillés, Villarruiz, and Yernes.
The people practice high mountain ranching and subsistence agriculture. In livestock, cattle
and horses are the most important, in particular the Asturian mountain breeds, such as the Asturcon
. The most frequently cultivated crops are the potato
, cereal
, vegetable
s, and hay
.
The municipality has many mountain paths as well as the Paraje Natural (Natural Park) of Pico Caldoveiru.
gave part of Yernes to the Cathedral of San Salvador
in Oviedo
in the year 857, which was later made into the whole territory thanks to donations of various nobles. In 1174, Ferdinand II of León
gave up his rights over the territory of the church of Oviedo
, which was made into an episcopal municipality, as can be seen in the municipal coat of arms. In 1579, thanks to a papal bull
from Pope Gregory XIII
, Philip II of Spain
got the area to return to the crown of Spain.
Two years later, the 130 inhabitants of the time purchased the municipality from the king for 12,691,922 maravedíes. They named as representative of the king Juan de Grijalba, who designated the first town councillors and gave them the task of establishing the laws and ordinances of the municipality. These duties were carried out by two magistrates, two councillors, a mayor of the Hermandad
, and an agent for the nobility, and a judge, a councillor, and another mayor of the Hermandad for the ordinary people. The capital of the municipality was established in Villabre in 1584, where it remains.
, and there are parish churches of Santa María de Tameza and Santa Cruz de Yernes.
Among its vernacular architecture, the most notable is an ancient palace with a chapel that belonged to the family López del Vallado. There are also the remains of a tower near the capital.
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
. It is situated in the east-central zone of the principality, between mountains high along the Cubia River. It is bordered on the west, north, and northeast by Grado
Grado, Asturias
Grado is a municipality in the Autonomous Community of the Principality of Asturias in Spain. It is bordered on the north by Candamo and Las Regueras, on the east by Proaza, Santo Adriano and Oviedo, on the south by Teverga and Yernes y Tameza, and on the west by Belmonte de Miranda and...
, on the southeast by Proaza
Proaza
Proaza is a municipality in the Autonomous Community of the Principality of Asturias, Spain. It is bordered on the north by Santo Adriano and Grado, on the south by Teverga and Quirós, on the west by Yernes y Tameza and Teverga, and on the east by Quirós....
, and on the south by Teverga
Teverga
Teverga is a municipality in the Autonomous Community of the Principality of Asturias, Spain. It is bordered on the north by Belmonte de Miranda, Grado, Yernes y Tameza, and Proaza; to the south by León province, to the west by Somiedo and to the east by Quirós and Proaza.Formerly a mining area,...
. The municipality has an abrupt topography, most notable in the peak Caldoveiru (1,357 m) and the Tameza River, which crosses the municipality from south to north.
It is one of the smallest municipalities in Asturias. Its current population (according to the 2005 census) of 197 (99 male and 98 female) is the smallest among the Asturian municipalities.
The province is named after its two parishes
Parish (subnational entity)
A parish is an administrative division used by several countries. In the British Isles it is known as a civil parish to distinguish it from the ecclesiastical parish.-External links:* Editorial in The Guardian, 2011-05-16....
, Yernes
Yernes
Yernes is one of two parishes in Yernes y Tameza, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain....
and Tameza
Tameza
Tameza is one of two parishes in Yernes y Tameza, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain....
("y" is Spanish for "and"). The capital is Villabre; other villages include: Fojó, Vendillés, Villarruiz, and Yernes.
The people practice high mountain ranching and subsistence agriculture. In livestock, cattle
Cattle
Cattle are the most common type of large domesticated ungulates. They are a prominent modern member of the subfamily Bovinae, are the most widespread species of the genus Bos, and are most commonly classified collectively as Bos primigenius...
and horses are the most important, in particular the Asturian mountain breeds, such as the Asturcon
Asturcón
The Asturcón is a pony from the Asturias region of northern Spain. The ancient breed's ancestry is not known, although it is thought to have been from crosses between the Sorraia, Garrano, and the ancient Celtic pony...
. The most frequently cultivated crops are the potato
Potato
The potato is a starchy, tuberous crop from the perennial Solanum tuberosum of the Solanaceae family . The word potato may refer to the plant itself as well as the edible tuber. In the region of the Andes, there are some other closely related cultivated potato species...
, cereal
Cereal
Cereals are grasses cultivated for the edible components of their grain , composed of the endosperm, germ, and bran...
, vegetable
Vegetable
The noun vegetable usually means an edible plant or part of a plant other than a sweet fruit or seed. This typically means the leaf, stem, or root of a plant....
s, and hay
Hay
Hay is grass, legumes or other herbaceous plants that have been cut, dried, and stored for use as animal fodder, particularly for grazing livestock such as cattle, horses, goats, and sheep. Hay is also fed to pets such as rabbits and guinea pigs...
.
The municipality has many mountain paths as well as the Paraje Natural (Natural Park) of Pico Caldoveiru.
History
The king Ordoño I of AsturiasOrdoño I of Asturias
Ordoño I was King of Asturias from 850 until his death.-Biography:He was born in Oviedo, where he spent his early life in the court of Alfonso II. He was probably associated with the crown from an early age. He was probably raised in Lugo, capital of the province of Galicia, of which his father,...
gave part of Yernes to the Cathedral of San Salvador
Cathedral of San Salvador (Oviedo)
The Metropolitan Cathedral Basilica of the Holy Saviour is a Roman Catholic cathedral and minor basilica in the centre of Oviedo, in the Asturias region of northern Spain....
in Oviedo
Oviedo
Oviedo is the capital city of the Principality of Asturias in northern Spain. It is also the name of the municipality that contains the city....
in the year 857, which was later made into the whole territory thanks to donations of various nobles. In 1174, Ferdinand II of León
Ferdinand II of Leon
Ferdinand II was King of León and Galicia from 1157 to his death.-Life:Born in Toledo, Castile, he was the son of King Alfonso VII of León and Castile and of Berenguela, of the House of Barcelona. At his father's death, he received León and Galicia, while his brother Sancho received Castile and...
gave up his rights over the territory of the church of Oviedo
Oviedo
Oviedo is the capital city of the Principality of Asturias in northern Spain. It is also the name of the municipality that contains the city....
, which was made into an episcopal municipality, as can be seen in the municipal coat of arms. In 1579, thanks to a papal bull
Papal bull
A Papal bull is a particular type of letters patent or charter issued by a Pope of the Catholic Church. It is named after the bulla that was appended to the end in order to authenticate it....
from Pope Gregory XIII
Pope Gregory XIII
Pope Gregory XIII , born Ugo Boncompagni, was Pope from 1572 to 1585. He is best known for commissioning and being the namesake for the Gregorian calendar, which remains the internationally-accepted civil calendar to this date.-Youth:He was born the son of Cristoforo Boncompagni and wife Angela...
, Philip II of Spain
Philip II of Spain
Philip II was King of Spain, Portugal, Naples, Sicily, and, while married to Mary I, King of England and Ireland. He was lord of the Seventeen Provinces from 1556 until 1581, holding various titles for the individual territories such as duke or count....
got the area to return to the crown of Spain.
Two years later, the 130 inhabitants of the time purchased the municipality from the king for 12,691,922 maravedíes. They named as representative of the king Juan de Grijalba, who designated the first town councillors and gave them the task of establishing the laws and ordinances of the municipality. These duties were carried out by two magistrates, two councillors, a mayor of the Hermandad
Hermandad
Hermandad, literally "brotherhood" in Spanish, was a peacekeeping association of armed individuals, which became characteristic of municipal life in medieval Spain, especially in Castile....
, and an agent for the nobility, and a judge, a councillor, and another mayor of the Hermandad for the ordinary people. The capital of the municipality was established in Villabre in 1584, where it remains.
Art
The municipality is not especially noted for its architecture. It has two chapels dedicated to Santiago and Saint ChristinaSaint Christina
Saint Christina or Christine can refer to several saints:*Saint Christina of Persia, 6th century *Saint Christina of Bolsena...
, and there are parish churches of Santa María de Tameza and Santa Cruz de Yernes.
Among its vernacular architecture, the most notable is an ancient palace with a chapel that belonged to the family López del Vallado. There are also the remains of a tower near the capital.