Yinxiang, 1st Prince Yi
Encyclopedia
Yinxiang, 1st Prince Yi
' onMouseout='HidePop("13347")' href="/topics/Pinyin">Pinyin
: Yìnxiáng; Wade-Giles
: Y'in-hsiang; Posthumous name
: Xián 賢) (1686 — April 1730) of the Manchu
Aisin-Gioro clan
was a noble of the Qing Dynasty
born as the 13th surviving son to the Kangxi Emperor
. His mother was Kangxi's concubine, Min-Fei of the Janggiya clan.
Being the 13th surviving son of the Kangxi Emperor, he was given the title of the Thirteenth Imperial Prince at birth, and later received the title of peerage
the Prince Yi of the Blood (怡親王) with the additional honour of Peerage Succession through his male descendants. His mother, Min-Fei, gave birth to three children of the Emperor within four years. He was the eldest, and 13th son of Kangxi to enter the Family records. His mother died young, when he was 14, and he was brought up by De-fei, the mother of Yinzhen, the future Emperor. He was a staunch supporter of the Yinzhen, who later became Yongzheng Emperor
of China. Yinxiang was affected by bad health, but worked with Yongzheng tirelessly in matters of state.
In 1725, Yinxiang was sent to oversee the water issues of Zhili
(present-day Hebei
), including flood control and transportation. Returning to Beijing
, Yinxiang was constantly affected by ill health.
Yinxiang died in April 1730, and was given the posthumous name Xian (賢), with an additional eight characters (忠敬诚直勤慎廉明) added. He received great praise from the Emperor, who ordered a three-day mourning period in which no administrative affairs were conducted in court. In addition, his title was added to eight previous Prince titles to become "iron-cap" titles, to be inherited by his descendants. His fifth generation descendant, Zaiyuan, was also prominent in Qing politics.
Prince Yi
Prince Yi of the Blood was the title of peerage first given to Yinxiang, the 13th son of the Kangxi Emperor of China, then subsequently inherited by his descendants. It was created by Yinxiang's brother the Yongzheng Emperor. After a power struggle won by Empress Dowager Cixi, Zaiyuan, Sixth...
' onMouseout='HidePop("13347")' href="/topics/Pinyin">Pinyin
Pinyin
Pinyin is the official system to transcribe Chinese characters into the Roman alphabet in China, Malaysia, Singapore and Taiwan. It is also often used to teach Mandarin Chinese and spell Chinese names in foreign publications and used as an input method to enter Chinese characters into...
: Yìnxiáng; Wade-Giles
Wade-Giles
Wade–Giles , sometimes abbreviated Wade, is a romanization system for the Mandarin Chinese language. It developed from a system produced by Thomas Wade during the mid-19th century , and was given completed form with Herbert Giles' Chinese–English dictionary of 1892.Wade–Giles was the most...
: Y'in-hsiang; Posthumous name
Posthumous name
A posthumous name is an honorary name given to royalty, nobles, and sometimes others, in East Asia after the person's death, and is used almost exclusively instead of one's personal name or other official titles during his life...
: Xián 賢) (1686 — April 1730) of the Manchu
Manchu
The Manchu people or Man are an ethnic minority of China who originated in Manchuria . During their rise in the 17th century, with the help of the Ming dynasty rebels , they came to power in China and founded the Qing Dynasty, which ruled China until the Xinhai Revolution of 1911, which...
Aisin-Gioro clan
Clan
A clan is a group of people united by actual or perceived kinship and descent. Even if lineage details are unknown, clan members may be organized around a founding member or apical ancestor. The kinship-based bonds may be symbolical, whereby the clan shares a "stipulated" common ancestor that is a...
was a noble of the Qing Dynasty
Qing Dynasty
The Qing Dynasty was the last dynasty of China, ruling from 1644 to 1912 with a brief, abortive restoration in 1917. It was preceded by the Ming Dynasty and followed by the Republic of China....
born as the 13th surviving son to the Kangxi Emperor
Kangxi Emperor
The Kangxi Emperor ; Manchu: elhe taifin hūwangdi ; Mongolian: Энх-Амгалан хаан, 4 May 1654 –20 December 1722) was the fourth emperor of the Qing Dynasty, the first to be born on Chinese soil south of the Pass and the second Qing emperor to rule over China proper, from 1661 to 1722.Kangxi's...
. His mother was Kangxi's concubine, Min-Fei of the Janggiya clan.
Being the 13th surviving son of the Kangxi Emperor, he was given the title of the Thirteenth Imperial Prince at birth, and later received the title of peerage
Chinese nobility
Chinese sovereignty and peerage, the nobility of China, were an important feature of traditional social and political organization of Imperial China. While the concepts of hereditary sovereign and peerage titles and noble families were featured as early as the semi-mythical, early historical...
the Prince Yi of the Blood (怡親王) with the additional honour of Peerage Succession through his male descendants. His mother, Min-Fei, gave birth to three children of the Emperor within four years. He was the eldest, and 13th son of Kangxi to enter the Family records. His mother died young, when he was 14, and he was brought up by De-fei, the mother of Yinzhen, the future Emperor. He was a staunch supporter of the Yinzhen, who later became Yongzheng Emperor
Yongzheng Emperor
The Yongzheng Emperor , born Yinzhen , was the fifth emperor of the Manchu Qing Dynasty and the third Qing emperor from 1722 to 1735. A hard-working ruler, Yongzheng's main goal was to create an effective government at minimal expense. Like his father, the Kangxi Emperor, Yongzheng used military...
of China. Yinxiang was affected by bad health, but worked with Yongzheng tirelessly in matters of state.
In 1725, Yinxiang was sent to oversee the water issues of Zhili
Zhili
Zhílì was a northern province in China from the Ming Dynasty until the province was dissolved in 1928 during the Republic of China era.-History:...
(present-day Hebei
Hebei
' is a province of the People's Republic of China in the North China region. Its one-character abbreviation is "" , named after Ji Province, a Han Dynasty province that included what is now southern Hebei...
), including flood control and transportation. Returning to Beijing
Beijing
Beijing , also known as Peking , is the capital of the People's Republic of China and one of the most populous cities in the world, with a population of 19,612,368 as of 2010. The city is the country's political, cultural, and educational center, and home to the headquarters for most of China's...
, Yinxiang was constantly affected by ill health.
Yinxiang died in April 1730, and was given the posthumous name Xian (賢), with an additional eight characters (忠敬诚直勤慎廉明) added. He received great praise from the Emperor, who ordered a three-day mourning period in which no administrative affairs were conducted in court. In addition, his title was added to eight previous Prince titles to become "iron-cap" titles, to be inherited by his descendants. His fifth generation descendant, Zaiyuan, was also prominent in Qing politics.
Succession of Prince Yi
| Order | Name | Chinese name | Lifespan | Reign | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yinxiang, Prince Xian of Yi | 怡賢親王允祥 | 1686–1730 | 1722–1730 | Emperor Kangxi's son |
| 2 | Hongxiao, Prince Xi of Yi | 怡僖親王弘曉 | 1722–1778 | 1730–1778 | Prince Yinxiang's son |
| 3 | Yonglang, Prince Gong of Yi | 怡恭親王永琅 | 1746–1799 | 1779–1799 | Prince Hongxiao's son |
| Posthumous | Minbiao | 綿標 | 1770–1799 | (honoured in 1799) | Prince Yonglang's son |
| 4 | Yixun, Prince Ke of Yi | 怡恪親王奕勛 | 1793–1818 | 1799–1818 | Pring Yonglang's grandson |
| 5 | Zaifang, Prince Yi | 怡親王載坊 | 1816–1820 | 1819–1920 | Prince Yixun's son |
| 6 | Zaiyuan, Prince Yi | 怡親王載垣 | 1816–1861 | 1825–1861 | Prince Yixun's son |
| Posthumous | Minyu | 綿譽 | 1780–1843 | (honoured in 1864) | Prince Yinxiang's greatgrandson Prince Zaidun's grandfather |
| Posthumous | Yige | 奕格 | 1805–1858 | (honoured in 1864) | Prince Minyu's son Prince Zaidun's father |
| 7 | Zaidun, Prince Duan of Yi | 怡端親王載敦 | 1827–1890 | 1864–1890 | Prince Zaiyuan's cousin |
| 8 | Pujin, Prince Yi | 怡親王溥靜 | 1849–1900 | 1891–1900 | Prince Zaidun's son |
| 9 | Yuqi, Prince Yi | 怡親王毓麒 | 1900–1948 | 1902-1912 (1912–1948) |
Prince Pujin's nephew |
| Nil | Hengshu | 恆樞 | 1917–1979 | (1948–1979) | Prince Yuqi's son |
| Nil | Qiyuen | 啟運 | 1945- | (1979-) | Prince Yuqi's grandson |