Yuri Bogdanovich
Encyclopedia
Yuri Nikolayevich Bogdanovich (1849–1888) was a Russian revolutionary and Narodnik
. His cadre name
was Kobozev
, into a noble family.
In 1869 Bogdanovich began work as county surveyor in the Velikiye Luki
county of Pskov province. In 1871 he entered the St. Petersburg Medical-Surgical Academy but left in 1873 without being graduated, to concentrate on political activities. He began, with Vera Figner
, to agitate among the peasants in the Volsky district
of Saratov province
.
In 1876 Bogdanovich joined the new Land and Liberty
organization. On December 6, 1876, he participated in the "Kazan demonstration" in St. Petersburg.
(Narodnaya Volya).
In 1880 Bogdanovich became a member of the executive committee of the People's Will and was an active participant
in organizing the assassination of Tsar Alexander II
on March 1, 1881.
Under his of Kobozeva, Bogdanovich had opened a cheese shop on Malaya Sadovaya Street
in St. Petersburg, from which a tunnel was dug to the middle of the street for laying mines. On the day before the assassination (February 28) the shop was raided, but the tunnel was not discovered. The tunnel was not used in the March 1 assassination and Bogdanovich escaped the ensuing dragnet.
Bogdanovich worked to help recover the People's Will from its ideological and organizational crisis that followed the assassination. He was active in the Red Cross of the People's Will
, a prisoner relief organization, and helped organize escapes as well as legal appeals for the release of prisoners.
In 1881, Bogdanovich went to Siberia
to prepare the Krasnoyarsk
- Kazan
section of the route for escaping prisoners and exiles. For a while he was hidden by Nadezhda Golovin while preparing the escape of Sophia Bardeen.
and tried on charges of co-sponsoring the People's Will, conspiracy to commit terrorist acts, operating a bomb factory, and other charges. After a trial lasting from March 28 to April 3 he was sentenced to death.
On May 28 the sentence was commuted to life imprisonment, and Bogdanovich died in Shlisselburg Fortress of tuberculosis on July 18, 1888.
Narodnik
Narodniks was the name for Russian socially conscious members of the middle class in the 1860s and 1870s. Their ideas and actions were known as Narodnichestvo which can be translated as "Peopleism", though is more commonly rendered "populism"...
. His cadre name
Pseudonym
A pseudonym is a name that a person assumes for a particular purpose and that differs from his or her original orthonym...
was Kobozev
Revolutionary beginnings
Bogdanovich was born on April 1, 1849 in Nikolskoye, in the Toropetzkaya district of Pskov ProvincePskov Oblast
Pskov Oblast is a federal subject of Russia . Pskov Oblast borders the countries of Estonia and Latvia, as well as Belarus. It is the westernmost federal subject of contiguous Russia . Its major cities are the administrative center Pskov and Velikiye Luki . Area: 55,300 km²...
, into a noble family.
In 1869 Bogdanovich began work as county surveyor in the Velikiye Luki
Velikiye Luki
Velikiye Luki is a town on the meandering Lovat River in the southern part of Pskov Oblast, Russia. It is the second largest town in Pskov Oblast; population: The town is served by the Velikiye Luki Airport....
county of Pskov province. In 1871 he entered the St. Petersburg Medical-Surgical Academy but left in 1873 without being graduated, to concentrate on political activities. He began, with Vera Figner
Vera Figner
Vera Nikolayevna Figner was a Russian revolutionary and narodnik born in Kazan, Russia.-Biography:...
, to agitate among the peasants in the Volsky district
Volsky District
Volsky District is an administrative and municipal district , one of the 38 in Saratov Oblast, Russia....
of Saratov province
Saratov Oblast
Saratov Oblast is a federal subject of Russia , located in the Volga Federal District. Its administrative center is the city of Saratov. Population: -Demographics:Population:...
.
In 1876 Bogdanovich joined the new Land and Liberty
Land and Liberty (Russia)
Land and Liberty was a Russian clandestine revolutionary organization of Narodniki in the 1870s...
organization. On December 6, 1876, he participated in the "Kazan demonstration" in St. Petersburg.
Narodnik
In 1879, Land and Liberty split into two factions. One faction (the "villagers") supported continued agitation and propaganda in the countryside, the other faction (the "politicals") supported adopting more direct methods: terrorism. Bogdanovich supported the latter position and when Land and Liberty broke in two, he joined the resulting splinter organization, the People's WillNarodnaya Volya
Narodnaya Volya was aRussian left-wing terrorist organization, best known for the successful assassination of Tsar Alexander II of Russia. It created a centralized and well disguised organization in a time of diverse liberation movements in Russia...
(Narodnaya Volya).
In 1880 Bogdanovich became a member of the executive committee of the People's Will and was an active participant
Pervomartovtsi
Pervomartovtsy were the Russian revolutionaries, members of Narodnaya Volya, planners and executors of the assassination of Alexander II of Russia and attempted murder of Alexander III of Russia .The assassination in 1881 was planned by Narodnaya Volya's Executive Committee...
in organizing the assassination of Tsar Alexander II
Alexander II of Russia
Alexander II , also known as Alexander the Liberator was the Emperor of the Russian Empire from 3 March 1855 until his assassination in 1881...
on March 1, 1881.
Under his of Kobozeva, Bogdanovich had opened a cheese shop on Malaya Sadovaya Street
Malaya Sadovaya Street
Malaya Sadovaya Street is a pedestrian street of cafes, terraces, and fountains in the heart of St. Petersburg. It runs between Italyanskaya Street and the Nevsky Prospect. At about , it is St...
in St. Petersburg, from which a tunnel was dug to the middle of the street for laying mines. On the day before the assassination (February 28) the shop was raided, but the tunnel was not discovered. The tunnel was not used in the March 1 assassination and Bogdanovich escaped the ensuing dragnet.
Bogdanovich worked to help recover the People's Will from its ideological and organizational crisis that followed the assassination. He was active in the Red Cross of the People's Will
Political Red Cross
Political Red Cross was the name borne by several organizations that provided aid to political prisoners in the Russian Empire and later in Soviet Russia and the Soviet Union....
, a prisoner relief organization, and helped organize escapes as well as legal appeals for the release of prisoners.
In 1881, Bogdanovich went to Siberia
Siberia
Siberia is an extensive region constituting almost all of Northern Asia. Comprising the central and eastern portion of the Russian Federation, it was part of the Soviet Union from its beginning, as its predecessor states, the Tsardom of Russia and the Russian Empire, conquered it during the 16th...
to prepare the Krasnoyarsk
Krasnoyarsk
Krasnoyarsk is a city and the administrative center of Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia, located on the Yenisei River. It is the third largest city in Siberia, with the population of 973,891. Krasnoyarsk is an important junction of the Trans-Siberian Railway and one of Russia's largest producers of...
- Kazan
Kazan
Kazan is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia. With a population of 1,143,546 , it is the eighth most populous city in Russia. Kazan lies at the confluence of the Volga and Kazanka Rivers in European Russia. In April 2009, the Russian Patent Office granted Kazan the...
section of the route for escaping prisoners and exiles. For a while he was hidden by Nadezhda Golovin while preparing the escape of Sophia Bardeen.
Arrest, trial, and death
On May 15, 1882, Bogdanovich was arrested in MoscowMoscow
Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
and tried on charges of co-sponsoring the People's Will, conspiracy to commit terrorist acts, operating a bomb factory, and other charges. After a trial lasting from March 28 to April 3 he was sentenced to death.
On May 28 the sentence was commuted to life imprisonment, and Bogdanovich died in Shlisselburg Fortress of tuberculosis on July 18, 1888.
External links
Sources
-
- Прибылев А. Процесс 17 народовольцев. — «Былое», № 10, 1906.