Zero wait state
Encyclopedia
Zero wait state is a feature of a processor  or computer  architecture in which the processor does not have to wait to perform memory  access.

Non-zero wait state describes the situation when a processor operates at a higher frequency than the memory, it has a wait state
Wait state
A wait state is a delay experienced by a computer processor when accessing external memory or another device that is slow to respond.As of late 2011, computer microprocessors run at very high speeds, while memory technology does not seem to be able to catch up: typical PC processors like the Intel...

during which the processor is idle.
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