Zhumadian
Encyclopedia
Zhumadian is a prefecture-level city
Prefecture-level city
A prefectural level city , prefectural city or prefectural level municipality is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China, ranking below a province and above a county in China's administrative structure. Prefectural level cities form the second level of the administrative...

 in southern Henan
Henan
Henan , is a province of the People's Republic of China, located in the central part of the country. Its one-character abbreviation is "豫" , named after Yuzhou , a Han Dynasty state that included parts of Henan...

 province, People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China
China , officially the People's Republic of China , is the most populous country in the world, with over 1.3 billion citizens. Located in East Asia, the country covers approximately 9.6 million square kilometres...

. It borders Xinyang
Xinyang
Xinyang is a prefecture-level city in southeastern Henan province, People's Republic of China, the southernmost such administrative division in the province.-Recent history:...

 to the south, Nanyang
Nanyang, Henan
Nanyang is a prefecture-level city in the southwest of Henan province, People's Republic of China. The city with the largest administrative area in Henan, Nanyang borders Xinyang to the southeast, Zhumadian to the east, Pingdingshan to the northeast, Luoyang to the north, Sanmenxia to the...

 to the west, Pingdingshan
Pingdingshan
Pingdingshan , also known as the Eagle City, with approximately 5.2 million inhabitants is a prefecture-level city in central Henan province, People's Republic of China.-Geography:...

 to the northwest, Luohe
Luohe
Luohe is a prefecture-level city in central Henan province, People's Republic of China. It is surrounded by the cities of Xuchang, Zhoukou, Zhumadian and Pingdingshan on its north, east, south and west respectively.-Administration:...

 to the north, Zhoukou
Zhoukou
Zhoukou is a prefecture-level city in eastern Henan province, People's Republic of China. It borders Zhumadian to the southeast, Xuchang and Luohe to the west, Kaifeng to the northwest, Shangqiu to the northeast, and the province of Anhui on all other sides....

 to the northeast, and the province of Anhui
Anhui
Anhui is a province in the People's Republic of China. Located in eastern China across the basins of the Yangtze River and the Huai River, it borders Jiangsu to the east, Zhejiang to the southeast, Jiangxi to the south, Hubei to the southwest, Henan to the northwest, and Shandong for a tiny...

 to the east.

Its population is 7,230,744 at the 2010 census whom 503,812 live in the built up area.

Administrative divisions

The prefecture-level city
Prefecture-level city
A prefectural level city , prefectural city or prefectural level municipality is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China, ranking below a province and above a county in China's administrative structure. Prefectural level cities form the second level of the administrative...

 of Zhumadian administers 1 district and 9 counties.
  • Yicheng District
    Yicheng District, Zhumadian
    Yicheng District is a district of Zhumadian, Henan, China....

     (驿城区)
  • Runan County (汝南县)
  • Pingyu County
    Pingyu County
    Pingyu County is a county of Henan, China. It is under the administration of Zhumadian city....

     (平舆县)
  • Xincai County
    Xincai County
    Xincai County is a county of Henan, China. It is under the administration of Zhumadian city.-Administrative divisions:The county of Xincai administers 9 towns and 13 villages.*Gulu Town *Tangcun Town *Liancun Town **佛阁寺镇*龙口镇*砖店镇...

     (新蔡县)
  • Shangcai County
    Shangcai County
    Shangcai County is a county of Henan, China. It is under the administration of Zhumadian city.- See also:* Cai , an ancient state in that area...

     (上蔡县)
  • Xiping County
    Xiping County
    Xiping County is a county of Henan province in the People's Republic of China. It is under the administration of Zhumadian city. Xiping covers an area of 1098 km² and has 840,000 inhabitants....

     (西平县)
  • Suiping County
    Suiping County
    Suiping County is a county of Henan, China. It is under the administration of Zhumadian city....

     (遂平县)
  • Queshan County
    Queshan County
    Queshan County is a county in Zhumadian Prefecture, Henan Province, China.-External links:...

     (确山县)
  • Zhengyang County
    Zhengyang County
    Zhengyang County is a county of Henan, China. It is under the administration of Zhumadian city....

     (正阳县)
  • Biyang County
    Biyang County
    Biyang County is a county of Zhumadian city in southern Henan province, People's Republic of China. It borders Queshan to the east, Tongbai to the north, Tanghe to the west, Luohe to the north, Sheqi and Nanyang to the northwest. Population was 950,000 on 2002...

     (泌阳县)

History

Zhumadian was previously known as Yicheng, for it used to be a relay station. In the Tang Dynasty
Tang Dynasty
The Tang Dynasty was an imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui Dynasty and followed by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period. It was founded by the Li family, who seized power during the decline and collapse of the Sui Empire...

, the emperor ordered his soldiers carry lychee
Lychee
The lychee is the sole member of the genus Litchi in the soapberry family, Sapindaceae. It is a tropical and subtropical fruit tree native to Southern China and Southeast Asia, and now cultivated in many parts of the world...

s from Guangdong
Guangdong
Guangdong is a province on the South China Sea coast of the People's Republic of China. The province was previously often written with the alternative English name Kwangtung Province...

 to his charming princess Yang who loved to eat lychees. And Zhumadian was one of the relay stations.

Geography

Zhumadian is situated at 32° 18' -- 33° 35' N latitude, and 113° 10' -- 115° 12' E longitude, with a maximum east-west width of 191.5 kilometres (119 mi), and at most 137.5 kilometres (85.4 mi) long from south to north. The area of the prefecture is 15083 sqkm, occupying 8.9% of the total provincial area. Neighbouring prefectures are:
  • Fuyang, Anhui
    Fuyang, Anhui
    Fuyang is a prefecture-level city in northwestern Anhui province, People's Republic of China. It borders Bozhou to the northeast, Huainan to the southeast, Lu'an to the south, and the province of Henan on all other sides.-Climate:-Administration:...

     (E)
  • Xinyang (S)
  • Nanyang (W)
  • Pingdingshan (NW)
  • Luohe (N)
  • Zhoukou (NE)


The terrain is dominated by mountains, hills, hillocks, and plains.

Climate

Zhumadian has a four-season, monsoon
Monsoon
Monsoon is traditionally defined as a seasonal reversing wind accompanied by corresponding changes in precipitation, but is now used to describe seasonal changes in atmospheric circulation and precipitation associated with the asymmetric heating of land and sea...

-influenced humid subtropical climate
Humid subtropical climate
A humid subtropical climate is a climate zone characterized by hot, humid summers and mild to cool winters...

 (Koppen
Köppen climate classification
The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by Crimea German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen himself, notably in 1918 and 1936...

 Cwa), with cold, somewhat damp, winters, and hot, humid summers. Monthly mean temperatures range from 1.3 °C (34.3 °F) in January to 27.2 °C (81 °F) in July, with an annual mean of 14.9 °C (58.8 °F). Sunshine amounts are moderate and precipitation is concentrated from June to September.

Agriculture

Mainly wheat
Wheat
Wheat is a cereal grain, originally from the Levant region of the Near East, but now cultivated worldwide. In 2007 world production of wheat was 607 million tons, making it the third most-produced cereal after maize and rice...

, maize
Maize
Maize known in many English-speaking countries as corn or mielie/mealie, is a grain domesticated by indigenous peoples in Mesoamerica in prehistoric times. The leafy stalk produces ears which contain seeds called kernels. Though technically a grain, maize kernels are used in cooking as a vegetable...

, peanut
Peanut
The peanut, or groundnut , is a species in the legume or "bean" family , so it is not a nut. The peanut was probably first cultivated in the valleys of Peru. It is an annual herbaceous plant growing tall...

, sesame
Sesame
Sesame is a flowering plant in the genus Sesamum. Numerous wild relatives occur in Africa and a smaller number in India. It is widely naturalized in tropical regions around the world and is cultivated for its edible seeds, which grow in pods....

, green bean
Green bean
Green beans , also known as French beans , are the unripe fruit of any kind of bean, including the yardlong bean, the hyacinth bean, the winged bean, and especially the common bean , whose pods are also usually called string beans in the northeastern and western United States, but can also be...

s and tobacco
Tobacco
Tobacco is an agricultural product processed from the leaves of plants in the genus Nicotiana. It can be consumed, used as a pesticide and, in the form of nicotine tartrate, used in some medicines...

.

Culture

Zhumadian has a rich cultural history and the birthplace of many great people in ancient times . There is an old site of Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai who are the characters in the Butterfly Lovers
Butterfly Lovers
The Butterfly Lovers is a Chinese legend of a tragic love story of a pair of lovers, Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai , whose names form the title of the story...

, a famous Chinese story.

Transportation

One of the Chinese main highways, China National Highway 107
China National Highway 107
China's National Highway 107 runs from Beijing to Shenzhen via Wuhan. It runs to approximately 2,698 km, and, on a map, runs broadly on a straight line from Beijing to Guangzhou.In between, the highway runs parallel to national highways 105 and 106....

, runs through Zhumadian. Zhumadian also has its own transportation system.

External links

The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.  The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
 
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