École Militaire
Encyclopedia
The École Militaire is a vast complex of buildings housing various military training facilities located in the 7th arrondissement of Paris
, France
, southeast of the Champ de Mars
.
It was founded by Louis XV
in 1750 on the basis of a proposal of the financier Joseph Pâris (known as Duverney) with the support of Madame de Pompadour
, with the aim of creating an academic college for cadet officers from poor families. It was designed by Ange-Jacques Gabriel
, and construction began in 1752 on the grounds of the farm of Grenelle
, but the school did not open until 1760. The Comte de Saint-Germain reorganised it in 1777 under the name of the École des Cadets-gentilshommes (School of Young Gentlemen), which accepted the young Napoleon Bonaparte
in 1784. He graduated from this school in only one year instead of two.
It now hosts:
institution for military higher education. It succeeds the former four Écoles supérieures de guerre of the French Army
, French Navy
, French Air Force
and National Gendarmerie, and the Cours supérieur interarmées since 1 September 1993. It is located in the École Militaire
, and is subordinated to the Chief of the Defence Staff (France)
. Teaching is selective, diversified, and focused on joint warfare
, international relations, and planning.
The CID teaches officers from the three services, the Gendarmerie, Services (Service de santé des armées or Service des essences des armées), or Délégation générale pour l'Armement
. Candidate students are recruited by competitive examination
, each promotion featuring nationals of over 70 countries. Once admitted, they are trained to assume staff positions in their armies of origin, in joint staffs, on interallied staffs, or any other position where defence policies are crafted and implemented.
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
, France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
, southeast of the Champ de Mars
Champ de Mars
The Champ de Mars is a large public greenspace in Paris, France, located in the seventh arrondissement, between the Eiffel Tower to the northwest and the École Militaire to the southeast. The park is named after the Campus Martius in Rome, a tribute to the Roman god of war...
.
It was founded by Louis XV
Louis XV of France
Louis XV was a Bourbon monarch who ruled as King of France and of Navarre from 1 September 1715 until his death. He succeeded his great-grandfather at the age of five, his first cousin Philippe II, Duke of Orléans, served as Regent of the kingdom until Louis's majority in 1723...
in 1750 on the basis of a proposal of the financier Joseph Pâris (known as Duverney) with the support of Madame de Pompadour
Madame de Pompadour
Jeanne Antoinette Poisson, Marquise de Pompadour, also known as Madame de Pompadour was a member of the French court, and was the official chief mistress of Louis XV from 1745 to her death.-Biography:...
, with the aim of creating an academic college for cadet officers from poor families. It was designed by Ange-Jacques Gabriel
Ange-Jacques Gabriel
Ange-Jacques Gabriel was the most prominent French architect of his generation.Born to a Parisian family of architects and initially trained by the royal architect Robert de Cotte and his father , whom he assisted in the creation of the Place Royale at Bordeaux , the younger Gabriel...
, and construction began in 1752 on the grounds of the farm of Grenelle
Grenelle
Grenelle is a neighbourhood in southwestern Paris, France. It is a part of the 15th arrondissement of the city.The area takes it name from Latin Garanella, meaning a wooded area where rabbits live...
, but the school did not open until 1760. The Comte de Saint-Germain reorganised it in 1777 under the name of the École des Cadets-gentilshommes (School of Young Gentlemen), which accepted the young Napoleon Bonaparte
Napoleon I
Napoleon Bonaparte was a French military and political leader during the latter stages of the French Revolution.As Napoleon I, he was Emperor of the French from 1804 to 1815...
in 1784. He graduated from this school in only one year instead of two.
It now hosts:
- The Collège interarmées de défense (Joint Defence College), and
- The Institut des hautes études de défense nationaleInstitut des hautes études de défense nationaleThe Institut des hautes études de défense nationale is a French public institution for expertise and sensibilisation towards defence matters, founded in 1936 by Admiral Raoul Castex...
(IHEDN) (Institute of High Studies of National Defence)
Collège interarmées de défense
The Collège interarmées de défense (fr: Joint defence college) is a FrenchFrance
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
institution for military higher education. It succeeds the former four Écoles supérieures de guerre of the French Army
French Army
The French Army, officially the Armée de Terre , is the land-based and largest component of the French Armed Forces.As of 2010, the army employs 123,100 regulars, 18,350 part-time reservists and 7,700 Legionnaires. All soldiers are professionals, following the suspension of conscription, voted in...
, French Navy
French Navy
The French Navy, officially the Marine nationale and often called La Royale is the maritime arm of the French military. It includes a full range of fighting vessels, from patrol boats to a nuclear powered aircraft carrier and 10 nuclear-powered submarines, four of which are capable of launching...
, French Air Force
French Air Force
The French Air Force , literally Army of the Air) is the air force of the French Armed Forces. It was formed in 1909 as the Service Aéronautique, a service arm of the French Army, then was made an independent military arm in 1933...
and National Gendarmerie, and the Cours supérieur interarmées since 1 September 1993. It is located in the École Militaire
École Militaire
The École Militaire is a vast complex of buildings housing various military training facilities located in the 7th arrondissement of Paris, France, southeast of the Champ de Mars....
, and is subordinated to the Chief of the Defence Staff (France)
Chief of the Defence Staff (France)
The Chief of the Defence Staff is the chief of staff of the Military of France. The position is currently held by Admiral Édouard Guillaud.- Functions :The Chief of the Defence Staff has two roles:...
. Teaching is selective, diversified, and focused on joint warfare
Joint warfare
Joint warfare is a military doctrine which places priority on the integration of the various service branches of a state's armed forces into one unified command...
, international relations, and planning.
The CID teaches officers from the three services, the Gendarmerie, Services (Service de santé des armées or Service des essences des armées), or Délégation générale pour l'Armement
Délégation Générale pour l'Armement
The Direction générale de l’armement, which could be translated as “General Directorate for Armament”, or DGA, is the French Government Defence procurement agency responsible for the program management, development and purchase of weapon systems for the French military.-Armament programs...
. Candidate students are recruited by competitive examination
Competitive examination
A competitive examination is an examination angwhere candidates are ranked according to their grades. If the examination is open for n positions, then the first n candidates in ranks pass, the others are rejected...
, each promotion featuring nationals of over 70 countries. Once admitted, they are trained to assume staff positions in their armies of origin, in joint staffs, on interallied staffs, or any other position where defence policies are crafted and implemented.