Ê
Encyclopedia
is a letter in the Friulan, Kurdish
and Vietnamese
languages. The letter also appears in Afrikaans
, French
, Portuguese
, Welsh
, and Albanian dialects
as a variant of the letter "e", as well as being used in certain Chinese
and Ukrainian
transliteration systems.
ê represents /ɛ/. It corresponds to in zhuyin symbol.
.
and represents /ɛ/.
system of Ukrainian transliteration as the letter Є.
and represents /e/ or /ɜ/. In Vietnamese phonology
, diacritics
can be added to form the following five forms to represent five tones of ê.
s as / , and / , to represent the second and the fourth tone of ê. The first and the third tone of ê have to be represented by combining diacritical marks
, like (̄) and (̌).
Kurdish language
Kurdish is a dialect continuum spoken by the Kurds in western Asia. It is part of the Iranian branch of the Indo-Iranian group of Indo-European languages....
and Vietnamese
Vietnamese language
Vietnamese is the national and official language of Vietnam. It is the mother tongue of 86% of Vietnam's population, and of about three million overseas Vietnamese. It is also spoken as a second language by many ethnic minorities of Vietnam...
languages. The letter also appears in Afrikaans
Afrikaans
Afrikaans is a West Germanic language, spoken natively in South Africa and Namibia. It is a daughter language of Dutch, originating in its 17th century dialects, collectively referred to as Cape Dutch .Afrikaans is a daughter language of Dutch; see , , , , , .Afrikaans was historically called Cape...
, French
French language
French is a Romance language spoken as a first language in France, the Romandy region in Switzerland, Wallonia and Brussels in Belgium, Monaco, the regions of Quebec and Acadia in Canada, and by various communities elsewhere. Second-language speakers of French are distributed throughout many parts...
, Portuguese
Portuguese language
Portuguese is a Romance language that arose in the medieval Kingdom of Galicia, nowadays Galicia and Northern Portugal. The southern part of the Kingdom of Galicia became independent as the County of Portugal in 1095...
, Welsh
Welsh language
Welsh is a member of the Brythonic branch of the Celtic languages spoken natively in Wales, by some along the Welsh border in England, and in Y Wladfa...
, and Albanian dialects
Albanian language
Albanian is an Indo-European language spoken by approximately 7.6 million people, primarily in Albania and Kosovo but also in other areas of the Balkans in which there is an Albanian population, including western Macedonia, southern Montenegro, southern Serbia and northwestern Greece...
as a variant of the letter "e", as well as being used in certain Chinese
Chinese language
The Chinese language is a language or language family consisting of varieties which are mutually intelligible to varying degrees. Originally the indigenous languages spoken by the Han Chinese in China, it forms one of the branches of Sino-Tibetan family of languages...
and Ukrainian
Ukrainian language
Ukrainian is a language of the East Slavic subgroup of the Slavic languages. It is the official state language of Ukraine. Written Ukrainian uses a variant of the Cyrillic alphabet....
transliteration systems.
Afrikaans
Ê is not considered a separate letter in Afrikaans, but rather, as aforementioned, a variation of the letter "e".Chinese
In Chinese pinyinPinyin
Pinyin is the official system to transcribe Chinese characters into the Roman alphabet in China, Malaysia, Singapore and Taiwan. It is also often used to teach Mandarin Chinese and spell Chinese names in foreign publications and used as an input method to enter Chinese characters into...
ê represents /ɛ/. It corresponds to in zhuyin symbol.
French
In French, ê changes the pronunciation of e from /ə/ to /ɛ/. Diacritics are not usually considered to be letters of the French alphabetFrench alphabet
The French alphabet is based on the 26 letters of the Latin alphabet, uppercase and lowercase, with five diacritics and two orthographic ligatures.-Letter names:- Diacritics :...
.
Kurdish
Ê is the 7th letter of the Kurdish Kurmanji alphabetKurdish alphabet
The Kurdish language is written either using a variant of the Latin alphabet, according to a system introduced by Jeladet Ali Bedirkhan in 1932 , or using a variant of the Persian alphabet, the so-called Sorani alphabet, named for the city of Soran, Iraq.The Hawar is used in Turkey, Syria and...
and represents /ɛ/.
Ukrainian
Ê is used in the ISO 9:1995ISO 9
The international standard ISO 9 establishes a system for the transliteration into Latin characters of Cyrillic characters constituting the alphabets of many Slavic and some non-Slavic languages....
system of Ukrainian transliteration as the letter Є.
Vietnamese
Ê is the 9th letter of the Vietnamese alphabetVietnamese alphabet
The Vietnamese alphabet, called Chữ Quốc Ngữ , usually shortened to Quốc Ngữ , is the modern writing system for the Vietnamese language...
and represents /e/ or /ɜ/. In Vietnamese phonology
Vietnamese phonology
This article is a technical description of the sound system of the Vietnamese language, including phonetics and phonology.-Consonants:Two main varieties of Vietnamese, Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City, are described below.-Hanoi:...
, diacritics
Diacritics
diacritics is a quarterly academic journal established in 1971 at Cornell University and published by the Johns Hopkins University Press. Articles serve to review recent literature in the field of literary criticism, and have covered topics in gender studies, political theory, psychoanalysis, queer...
can be added to form the following five forms to represent five tones of ê.
Welsh
Ê stands for the long sound of "e" (namely, /e:/) when that letter appears before "l", "n", and "r", and is also used to distinguish certain word pairs, e.g. gem (gem) and gêm (game).Character mappings
Unicode character set contains 2 precomposed characterPrecomposed character
A precomposed character is a Unicode entity that can be defined as a combination of two or more other characters. A precomposed character may typically represent a letter with a diacritical mark, such as é...
s as / , and / , to represent the second and the fourth tone of ê. The first and the third tone of ê have to be represented by combining diacritical marks
Combining character
In digital typography, combining characters are characters that are intended to modify other characters. The most common combining characters in the Latin script are the combining diacritical marks ....
, like (̄) and (̌).
| Charset | Unicode Unicode Unicode is a computing industry standard for the consistent encoding, representation and handling of text expressed in most of the world's writing systems... |
ISO 8859-1, 3, 9, 14, 15, 16 |
|---|---|---|
| Majuscule | CA | |
| Minuscule | EA |