İvaz Mehmet Pasha
Encyclopedia
İvaz Mehmed Pasha or Hacı İvaz Mehmed Pasha was an 18th-century Ottoman
grand vizier
(?–1743).
fighters in Rumeli
, the European portion of the empire. Upon the recommendation of his father he worked in the courts of several statesmen. During the War of Holy League (1683-1699) he was in the battle front near Belgrade
(in modern Serbia
) Before the war was over, he travelled to Jeddah
(in modern Saudi Arabia
) as the chamberlain . In 1730s he came to İstanbul
, the capital as a bureaucrat of the empire. 1735 he was promoted to be the vizier and he was appointed as the governor of Vidin
(in modern Bulgaria
). At the outbreak of the Russo-Austrian-Turkish War (1735–1739) he fought against Austrians with a relatively small provincial force. His efforts proved to be valuable.After the main army arrived at the front he was one of the commanders of the army.
. On 21 July 1739 he commanded the Ottoman army in the Battle of Grocka
where Austrians commanded by Count of Wallis
were defeated. After the battle, he laid a siege
on Belgrade and by the consequent Treaty of Belgrade
he was able to capture Belgrade. Although he returned to İstanbul as a victorious commander, he wasn't so successful in civil administration. He was inefficient during great fires of İstanbul and a rebellion which was subdued by the other statesmen of the empire . So the sultan dismissed him on 22 June 1740.
(roughly the narrow coastal strip of modern Eritrea
) , Chania
(in Crete
, modern Greece
), Thessaloniki
(modern Greece) Bosnia (modern Bosnia and Herzegovina
), Eğriboz (island of Euboea
, Greece) and İnebahtı (Lepanto
, modern Greece). In 1743 he died in Lepanto.
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
grand vizier
Grand Vizier
Grand Vizier, in Turkish Vezir-i Azam or Sadr-ı Azam , deriving from the Arabic word vizier , was the greatest minister of the Sultan, with absolute power of attorney and, in principle, dismissable only by the Sultan himself...
(?–1743).
Early life
His family was among the group of families known as Evlad'ı Fatihan, i.e., descendants of the early TurkishTurkish people
Turkish people, also known as the "Turks" , are an ethnic group primarily living in Turkey and in the former lands of the Ottoman Empire where Turkish minorities had been established in Bulgaria, Cyprus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Georgia, Greece, Kosovo, Macedonia, and Romania...
fighters in Rumeli
Rumelia
Rumelia was an historical region comprising the territories of the Ottoman Empire in Europe...
, the European portion of the empire. Upon the recommendation of his father he worked in the courts of several statesmen. During the War of Holy League (1683-1699) he was in the battle front near Belgrade
Belgrade
Belgrade is the capital and largest city of Serbia. It is located at the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers, where the Pannonian Plain meets the Balkans. According to official results of Census 2011, the city has a population of 1,639,121. It is one of the 15 largest cities in Europe...
(in modern Serbia
Serbia
Serbia , officially the Republic of Serbia , is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeast Europe, covering the southern part of the Carpathian basin and the central part of the Balkans...
) Before the war was over, he travelled to Jeddah
Jeddah
Jeddah, Jiddah, Jidda, or Jedda is a city located on the coast of the Red Sea and is the major urban center of western Saudi Arabia. It is the largest city in Makkah Province, the largest sea port on the Red Sea, and the second largest city in Saudi Arabia after the capital city, Riyadh. The...
(in modern Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia , commonly known in British English as Saudi Arabia and in Arabic as as-Sa‘ūdiyyah , is the largest state in Western Asia by land area, constituting the bulk of the Arabian Peninsula, and the second-largest in the Arab World...
) as the chamberlain . In 1730s he came to İstanbul
Istanbul
Istanbul , historically known as Byzantium and Constantinople , is the largest city of Turkey. Istanbul metropolitan province had 13.26 million people living in it as of December, 2010, which is 18% of Turkey's population and the 3rd largest metropolitan area in Europe after London and...
, the capital as a bureaucrat of the empire. 1735 he was promoted to be the vizier and he was appointed as the governor of Vidin
Vidin
Vidin is a port town on the southern bank of the Danube in northwestern Bulgaria. It is close to the borders with Serbia and Romania, and is also the administrative centre of Vidin Province, as well as of the Metropolitan of Vidin...
(in modern Bulgaria
Bulgaria
Bulgaria , officially the Republic of Bulgaria , is a parliamentary democracy within a unitary constitutional republic in Southeast Europe. The country borders Romania to the north, Serbia and Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, as well as the Black Sea to the east...
). At the outbreak of the Russo-Austrian-Turkish War (1735–1739) he fought against Austrians with a relatively small provincial force. His efforts proved to be valuable.After the main army arrived at the front he was one of the commanders of the army.
As a grand vizier
On March 1739, he was appointed as the grand vizier, the highest post in the empire other than that of the sultanSultan
Sultan is a title with several historical meanings. Originally, it was an Arabic language abstract noun meaning "strength", "authority", "rulership", and "dictatorship", derived from the masdar سلطة , meaning "authority" or "power". Later, it came to be used as the title of certain rulers who...
. On 21 July 1739 he commanded the Ottoman army in the Battle of Grocka
Battle of Grocka
The Battle of Grocka, also known as Battle of Krotzka, was fought between Austria and the Ottoman Empire on July 21–22, 1739, in Grocka, Belgrade. The Turks were victorious and took the city of Belgrade. The battle was part of the Ottoman-Habsburg wars.-Battle:The Austrians had direct orders from...
where Austrians commanded by Count of Wallis
George Olivier, count of Wallis
George Olivier, Count of Wallis was a field marshal of Irish descent in the service of the Holy Roman Empire and the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies and last regent of the Habsburg Kingdom of Serbia . Born into an Irish family, he distinguished himself in Sicily by his capture of Messina. He then...
were defeated. After the battle, he laid a siege
Capture of Belgrade (1739)
Capture of Belgrade refers to recapture of Belgrade by the Ottoman Empire in 1739.- Background :According to the Treaty of Pruth signed in 1711 between the Ottoman Empire and the Russian Empire, the Russians had stipulated to stop interfering in the affairs of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth...
on Belgrade and by the consequent Treaty of Belgrade
Treaty of Belgrade
The Treaty of Belgrade was the peace treaty signed on September 18, 1739 in Belgrade, Habsburg Kingdom of Serbia , by the Ottoman Empire on one side and the Habsburg Monarchy on the other....
he was able to capture Belgrade. Although he returned to İstanbul as a victorious commander, he wasn't so successful in civil administration. He was inefficient during great fires of İstanbul and a rebellion which was subdued by the other statesmen of the empire . So the sultan dismissed him on 22 June 1740.
Later years
In later years, he was a provincial governor. But in just three years span he was sequentially appointed to so many districts that in most cases before inauguration, he had to leave for the next place of duty. These are HabeshHabesh
Habesh Eyalet was an Ottoman eyalet that bordered the Red Sea. It comprised Massawa, Hergigo, Suakin and their hinterlands. Later it would also incorporate Zeila and western Somaliland...
(roughly the narrow coastal strip of modern Eritrea
Eritrea
Eritrea , officially the State of Eritrea, is a country in the Horn of Africa. Eritrea derives it's name from the Greek word Erethria, meaning 'red land'. The capital is Asmara. It is bordered by Sudan in the west, Ethiopia in the south, and Djibouti in the southeast...
) , Chania
Chania
Chaniá , , also transliterated Chania, Hania, and Xania, older form Chanea and Venetian Canea, Ottoman Turkish خانيه Hanya) is the second largest city of Crete and the capital of the Chania peripheral unit...
(in Crete
Crete
Crete is the largest and most populous of the Greek islands, the fifth largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, and one of the thirteen administrative regions of Greece. It forms a significant part of the economy and cultural heritage of Greece while retaining its own local cultural traits...
, modern Greece
Greece
Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , and historically Hellas or the Republic of Greece in English, is a country in southeastern Europe....
), Thessaloniki
Thessaloniki
Thessaloniki , historically also known as Thessalonica, Salonika or Salonica, is the second-largest city in Greece and the capital of the region of Central Macedonia as well as the capital of the Decentralized Administration of Macedonia and Thrace...
(modern Greece) Bosnia (modern Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina , sometimes called Bosnia-Herzegovina or simply Bosnia, is a country in Southern Europe, on the Balkan Peninsula. Bordered by Croatia to the north, west and south, Serbia to the east, and Montenegro to the southeast, Bosnia and Herzegovina is almost landlocked, except for the...
), Eğriboz (island of Euboea
Euboea
Euboea is the second largest Greek island in area and population, after Crete. The narrow Euripus Strait separates it from Boeotia in mainland Greece. In general outline it is a long and narrow, seahorse-shaped island; it is about long, and varies in breadth from to...
, Greece) and İnebahtı (Lepanto
Lepanto
- Places :*The Bay of Lepanto or Gulf of Lepanto in Greece, now known as the Gulf of Corinth*The Greek town of Lepanto, now known as Naupactus*Lepanto, Arkansas in the United States*Lepanto - Ships :*The Italian battleship Lepanto...
, modern Greece). In 1743 he died in Lepanto.