1230s in England
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 1230s in England: |
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| 1210s 1210s in England Events from the 1210s in England.-Events:* 1210** 20 June - King John of England lands at Waterford. He later builds castles, including the first stone castle at Dublin, and appoints Justiciars over Ireland.* 1211... | 1220s 1220s in England Events from the 1220s in England.-Events:* 1220** 17 May - Second coronation of King Henry III at Westminster Abbey. Pope Honorius III had deemed that Henry's first coronation at Gloucester in 1216 had not been carried out in accordance with church rites.** May - Construction of the Lady Chapel at... | 1230s | 1240s 1240s in England Events from the 1240s in England.-Events:* 1240** Dafydd ap Llywelyn, Prince of Wales, pays homage to King Henry, and agrees to arbitration over the right to rule Wales.* 1241... | 1250s 1250s in England Events from the 1250s in England.-Events:* 1250** Gascons revolt against English governor Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester.** First written reference to Summer is icumen in, one of the oldest known English song lyrics.* 1251... |
Events from the 1230s in England
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
.
Events
1230- 3 May - King Henry IIIHenry III of EnglandHenry III was the son and successor of John as King of England, reigning for 56 years from 1216 until his death. His contemporaries knew him as Henry of Winchester. He was the first child king in England since the reign of Æthelred the Unready...
leads an army to FranceFranceThe French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
, and marches on BordeauxBordeauxBordeaux is a port city on the Garonne River in the Gironde department in southwestern France.The Bordeaux-Arcachon-Libourne metropolitan area, has a population of 1,010,000 and constitutes the sixth-largest urban area in France. It is the capital of the Aquitaine region, as well as the prefecture...
. - October - Henry returns to England.
- Devotional work Ancrene WisseAncrene WisseAncrene Wisse or Guide for Anchoresses is an anonymous monastic rule for anchoresses, written in the early 13th century. Ancrene Wisse was originally composed for three sisters who chose to enter the contemplative life...
written.
1231
- 24 September - Ralph NevilleRalph NevilleRalph Neville was a medieval clergyman and politician who served as Bishop of Chichester, Keeper of the Great Seal and Lord Chancellor of England...
enthroned as Archbishop of CanterburyArchbishop of CanterburyThe Archbishop of Canterbury is the senior bishop and principal leader of the Church of England, the symbolic head of the worldwide Anglican Communion, and the diocesan bishop of the Diocese of Canterbury. In his role as head of the Anglican Communion, the archbishop leads the third largest group...
. - Henry fights a campaign against Llywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the Great , full name Llywelyn ab Iorwerth, was a Prince of Gwynedd in north Wales and eventually de facto ruler over most of Wales...
in WalesWalesWales is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain, bordered by England to its east and the Atlantic Ocean and Irish Sea to its west. It has a population of three million, and a total area of 20,779 km²...
. - June - Llywelyn captures Cardigan CastleCardigan CastleCardigan Castle is a castle located in Cardigan, Ceredigion, Wales.-History:The first motte-and-bailey castle was built a mile away from the present site, probably about the time of the founding of the town by Roger de Montgomery, a Norman baron....
and defeats the English, forcing a truce. - Peter des RochesPeter des RochesPeter des Roches was bishop of Winchester in the reigns of King John of England and his son Henry III. Roches was not an Englishman, but a Poitevin.-Life:...
, Bishop of Winchester, negotiates a 3-year truce with France.
1232
- Pope Gregory IXPope Gregory IXPope Gregory IX, born Ugolino di Conti, was pope from March 19, 1227 to August 22, 1241.The successor of Pope Honorius III , he fully inherited the traditions of Pope Gregory VII and of his uncle Pope Innocent III , and zealously continued their policy of Papal supremacy.-Early life:Ugolino was...
quashes the election of Ralph Neville as Archbishop of Canterbury. - 16 March - John of SittingbourneJohn of SittingbourneJohn of Sittingbourne was Archbishop of Canterbury-elect in 1232.John was a monk of Christ Church Priory, Canterbury, and was selected as prior of Christ Church in 1222...
elected to the Archbishopric of Canterbury. - 12 June - John of Sittingbourne's election to the Archbishopric of Canterbury quashed.
- 29 July - Henry III dismisses justiciarJusticiarIn medieval England and Ireland the Chief Justiciar was roughly equivalent to a modern Prime Minister as the monarch's chief minister. Similar positions existed on the Continent, particularly in Norman Italy. The term is the English form of the medieval Latin justiciarius or justitiarius In...
and regent Hubert de Burgh, 1st Earl of KentHubert de Burgh, 1st Earl of KentHubert de Burgh, 1st Earl of Kent was Earl of Kent, Justiciar of England and Ireland, and one of the most influential men in England during the reigns of John and Henry III.-Birth and family:...
and replaces him with his PoitevinPoitiersPoitiers is a city on the Clain river in west central France. It is a commune and the capital of the Vienne department and of the Poitou-Charentes region. The centre is picturesque and its streets are interesting for predominant remains of historical architecture, especially from the Romanesque...
royal favourites Peter de RivauxPeter de RivauxPeter de Rivaux or Peter de Rivalis was an influential Poitevin courtier at the court of Henry III of England. He was related to Peter des Roches, being a nephew ....
and Peter des Roches. - 26 August - John BlundJohn BlundJohn Blund was an English scholastic philosopher, known for his work on the nature of the soul, the Tractatus de anima, one of the first works of western philosophy to make use of the recently translated De Anima by Aristotle and especially the Arab philosopher Avicenna's work on the soul,...
elected to the Archbishopric of Canterbury. - 10 November - Hubert de Burgh is stripped of his offices and imprisoned for life.
1233
- Peter des Roches takes control of the exchequerExchequerThe Exchequer is a government department of the United Kingdom responsible for the management and collection of taxation and other government revenues. The historical Exchequer developed judicial roles...
and the kingdom's finances. - 1 June - John Blund's election to the Archbishopric of Canterbury quashed.
- August - Richard Marshal, 3rd Earl of PembrokeRichard Marshal, 3rd Earl of PembrokeRichard Marshal, 3rd Earl of Pembroke was the brother of William Marshal, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, whom he succeeded to the Earldom of Pembroke and Lord Marshal of England upon his brother's death on 6 April 1231....
allies with Llywelyn against Henry III. - Stow Fair, LincolnshireStow Fair, LincolnshireStow Fair was a medieval fair inaugurated in 1233. Permission was granted in 1268 to the Prior of Sempringham for a fair here, confirming the earlier charter. This fair is known to have been held on 23 June each year, but it seems likely that the earlier fairs were held on the same day, which is...
inaugurated
1234
- 2 April - Pope Gregory IXPope Gregory IXPope Gregory IX, born Ugolino di Conti, was pope from March 19, 1227 to August 22, 1241.The successor of Pope Honorius III , he fully inherited the traditions of Pope Gregory VII and of his uncle Pope Innocent III , and zealously continued their policy of Papal supremacy.-Early life:Ugolino was...
consecrates Edmund RichEdmund RichEdmund Rich was a 13th century Archbishop of Canterbury in England...
as Archbishop of Canterbury. - 16 April - Richard Marshal murdered, defending his estates against Henry's supporters.
- Peter de Rivaux and Peter des Roches fall from power.
- July - Llywelyn makes peace with Henry, retaining control of CardiganshireCeredigionCeredigion is a county and former kingdom in mid-west Wales. As Cardiganshire , it was created in 1282, and was reconstituted as a county under that name in 1996, reverting to Ceredigion a day later...
.
1235
- 15 July - marriage of Isabella of EnglandIsabella of EnglandFor Isabella of England, the daughter of Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainault, see Isabella de Coucy.Isabella of England, also called Elizabeth was an English princess and, by marriage, Holy Roman Empress, German Queen, and Queen consort of Sicily.-Biography:She was the fourth child but...
to Frederick II, Holy Roman EmperorFrederick II, Holy Roman EmperorFrederick II , was one of the most powerful Holy Roman Emperors of the Middle Ages and head of the House of Hohenstaufen. His political and cultural ambitions, based in Sicily and stretching through Italy to Germany, and even to Jerusalem, were enormous...
. - England conquers ConnaughtConnachtConnacht , formerly anglicised as Connaught, is one of the Provinces of Ireland situated in the west of Ireland. In Ancient Ireland, it was one of the fifths ruled by a "king of over-kings" . Following the Norman invasion of Ireland, the ancient kingdoms were shired into a number of counties for...
. - August - Five-year truce with France signed.
1236
- 14 January - Henry III marries Eleanor of ProvenceEleanor of ProvenceEleanor of Provence was Queen consort of England as the spouse of King Henry III of England from 1236 until his death in 1272....
. - Statute of MertonStatute of MertonThe Statute of Merton or Provisions of Merton , sometimes also known as the Ancient Statute of Merton, is considered to be the first English statute, and is printed as the first statute in The Statutes of the Realm.The statute's terms were agreed at Merton between Henry III and the barons of...
: The first English statuteStatuteA statute is a formal written enactment of a legislative authority that governs a state, city, or county. Typically, statutes command or prohibit something, or declare policy. The word is often used to distinguish law made by legislative bodies from case law, decided by courts, and regulations...
, clarifies property rights and empowers secular courts to determine issues of legitimacyLegitimacy (law)At common law, legitimacy is the status of a child who is born to parents who are legally married to one another; and of a child who is born shortly after the parents' divorce. In canon and in civil law, the offspring of putative marriages have been considered legitimate children...
.
1237
- January - At the insistence of the barons, Henry enlarges the royal Council, in return for the imposition of a new tax.
- 25 September - Treaty of YorkTreaty of YorkThe Treaty of York was an agreement between Henry III of England and Alexander II of Scotland, signed at York on 25 September 1237. It detailed the future status of several feudal properties and addressed other issues between the two kings, and indirectly marked the end of Scotland's attempts to...
signed between ScotlandScotlandScotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the...
and England establishes the border between the two countries. - Henry III installs a leopardLeopardThe leopard , Panthera pardus, is a member of the Felidae family and the smallest of the four "big cats" in the genus Panthera, the other three being the tiger, lion, and jaguar. The leopard was once distributed across eastern and southern Asia and Africa, from Siberia to South Africa, but its...
house at the Tower of LondonTower of LondonHer Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress, more commonly known as the Tower of London, is a historic castle on the north bank of the River Thames in central London, England. It lies within the London Borough of Tower Hamlets, separated from the eastern edge of the City of London by the open space...
.
1237 or 1239 - The main tower of Lincoln Cathedral
Lincoln Cathedral
Lincoln Cathedral is a historic Anglican cathedral in Lincoln in England and seat of the Bishop of Lincoln in the Church of England. It was reputedly the tallest building in the world for 249 years . The central spire collapsed in 1549 and was not rebuilt...
collapses.
1238
- 7 January - Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of LeicesterSimon de Montfort, 6th Earl of LeicesterSimon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester, 1st Earl of Chester , sometimes referred to as Simon V de Montfort to distinguish him from other Simon de Montforts, was an Anglo-Norman nobleman. He led the barons' rebellion against King Henry III of England during the Second Barons' War of 1263-4, and...
marries Eleanor, sister of Henry III. - 22 February - Henry promises to make reforms demanded by the barons.
1239
- Wells CathedralWells CathedralWells Cathedral is a Church of England cathedral in Wells, Somerset, England. It is the seat of the Bishop of Bath and Wells, who lives at the adjacent Bishop's Palace....
dedicated.
Births
- 1231
- John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey (died 1304)
- Roger Mortimer, 1st Baron Wigmore (died 1282)
- 1238
- November - Henry de MontfortHenry de MontfortSir Henry de Montfort was the son of Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester, and with his father played an important role in the struggle of the barons against King Henry III...
, son of Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester (died 1265)
- November - Henry de Montfort
- 1239
- 17 June - King Edward I of EnglandEdward I of EnglandEdward I , also known as Edward Longshanks and the Hammer of the Scots, was King of England from 1272 to 1307. The first son of Henry III, Edward was involved early in the political intrigues of his father's reign, which included an outright rebellion by the English barons...
(died 1307)
- 17 June - King Edward I of England
Deaths
- 1230
- 25 October - Gilbert de Clare, 5th Earl of HertfordGilbert de Clare, 5th Earl of HertfordGilbert de Clare, 4th Earl of Hertford, 5th Earl of Gloucester was the son of Richard de Clare, 3rd Earl of Hertford, from whom he inherited the Clare estates. He also inherited from his mother, Amice Fitz William, the estates of Gloucester and the honour of St. Hilary, and from Rohese, an...
, soldier (born 1180)
- 25 October - Gilbert de Clare, 5th Earl of Hertford
- 1231
- 6 April - William Marshal, 2nd Earl of PembrokeWilliam Marshal, 2nd Earl of PembrokeWilliam Marshal, 2nd Earl of Pembroke was a medieval English nobleman, and the son of the famous William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke.-Early life:William was born in Normandy probably during the spring of 1190...
(born 1190)
- 6 April - William Marshal, 2nd Earl of Pembroke
- 1234
- 16 April - Richard Marshal, 3rd Earl of PembrokeRichard Marshal, 3rd Earl of PembrokeRichard Marshal, 3rd Earl of Pembroke was the brother of William Marshal, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, whom he succeeded to the Earldom of Pembroke and Lord Marshal of England upon his brother's death on 6 April 1231....
(year of birth unknown)
- 16 April - Richard Marshal, 3rd Earl of Pembroke
- 1236
- 6 May - Roger of WendoverRoger of WendoverRoger of Wendover , probably a native of Wendover in Buckinghamshire, was an English chronicler of the 13th century.At an uncertain date he became a monk at St Albans Abbey; afterwards he was appointed prior of the cell of Belvoir, but he forfeited this dignity in the early years of Henry III,...
, BenedictineBenedictineBenedictine refers to the spirituality and consecrated life in accordance with the Rule of St Benedict, written by Benedict of Nursia in the sixth century for the cenobitic communities he founded in central Italy. The most notable of these is Monte Cassino, the first monastery founded by Benedict...
monk and chronicler (year of birth unknown)
- 6 May - Roger of Wendover
- 1237
- 15 April - Richard PooreRichard PooreRichard Poore was a medieval English clergyman best known for his role in the construction of Salisbury Cathedral.-Early life:...
, ecclesiastic (year of birth unknown)
- 15 April - Richard Poore
- 1238
- 4 March - Joan of England, Queen Consort of ScotlandJoan of England, Queen Consort of ScotlandJoan of England was Queen consort of Scotland from 1221 until 1238.Joan was the eldest legitimate daughter and third child of King John of England and Countess Isabella of Angoulême....
(born 1210) - Hugh le Despenser IHugh le Despenser ISir Hugh le Despenser was a wealthy landowner in the East Midlands of England, and served as High Sheriff of Berkshire.He was probably the son of a Thomas Despencer, and brother to both Thomas, who died before October 1218, and Rohaise, who married Stephen de Segrave. It is said that he married a...
, noble (year of birth unknown) - Peter des RochesPeter des RochesPeter des Roches was bishop of Winchester in the reigns of King John of England and his son Henry III. Roches was not an Englishman, but a Poitevin.-Life:...
, Bishop of WinchesterBishop of WinchesterThe Bishop of Winchester is the head of the Church of England diocese of Winchester, with his cathedra at Winchester Cathedral in Hampshire.The bishop is one of five Church of England bishops to be among the Lords Spiritual regardless of their length of service. His diocese is one of the oldest and...
(year of birth unknown)
- 4 March - Joan of England, Queen Consort of Scotland