1814 in Norway
Encyclopedia
Overview
1814 has historically been considered the most important year in the history of NorwayHistory of Norway
The history of human settlement in what is present day Norway goes back at least 11,000 years, to the late Paleolithic. Archaeological finds in the county of Møre og Romsdal have been dated to 9,200 BC and are probably the remains of settlers from Doggerland, an area now submerged in the North Sea,...
. Sovereignty was transferred from the King of Denmark to the King of Sweden. The Constitution of Norway
Constitution of Norway
The Constitution of Norway was first adopted on May 16, 1814 by the Norwegian Constituent Assembly at Eidsvoll , then signed and dated May 17...
was signed at Eidsvoll
Eidsvoll
is a municipality in Akershus county, Norway. It is part of the Romerike traditional region. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Sundet.-Name:...
on May 17, later to be designated and celebrated as Norwegian Constitution Day
Norwegian Constitution Day
Norwegian Constitution Day is the National Day of Norway and is an official national holiday observed on May 17 each year. Among Norwegians, the day is referred to simply as syttende mai or syttande mai , Nasjonaldagen or Grunnlovsdagen , although the latter is less frequent.- Historical...
. For a detailed account of the events surrounding the re-formation of the country in modern times, see the article Norway in 1814
Norway in 1814
1814 was a pivotal year in the history of Norway. It started with Norway in a union with the Kingdom of Denmark subject to a naval blockade being ceded to the king of Sweden. In May a constitutional convention declared Norway an independent kingdom. By the end of the year the Norwegian parliament...
.
Events
- 14 January – DenmarkDenmarkDenmark is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. The countries of Denmark and Greenland, as well as the Faroe Islands, constitute the Kingdom of Denmark . It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries, southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark...
ceded NorwayNorwayNorway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic unitary constitutional monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jan Mayen, and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard and Bouvet Island. Norway has a total area of and a population of about 4.9 million...
to SwedenSwedenSweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
in exchange for Western Pomerania, as part of the Treaty of KielTreaty of KielThe Treaty of Kiel or Peace of Kiel was concluded between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the Kingdom of Sweden on one side and the Kingdoms of Denmark and Norway on the other side on 14 January 1814 in Kiel...
. - 11 February – NorwayNorwayNorway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic unitary constitutional monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jan Mayen, and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard and Bouvet Island. Norway has a total area of and a population of about 4.9 million...
's independence was proclaimed, marking the ultimate end of the Kalmar UnionKalmar UnionThe Kalmar Union is a historiographical term meaning a series of personal unions that united the three kingdoms of Denmark, Norway , and Sweden under a single monarch, though intermittently and with a population...
. - 16 February – The meeting of notablesMeeting of NotablesThe Meeting of Notables was a meeting that took place before Norway declared independence from Denmark in 1814.In the Treaty of Kiel, Denmark lost the country of Norway to Sweden...
took place at Eidsvoll verkEidsvoll VerkEidsvoll Verk is a village in Eidsvoll, in Akershus County, Norway. It is served by Eidsvoll Verk Station on the Gardermoen Line. It was the site of the former Eidsvold Iron Works...
. - 12 April – The Royal Norwegian NavyRoyal Norwegian NavyThe Royal Norwegian Navy is the branch of the Norwegian Defence Force responsible for naval operations. , the RNoN consists of approximately 3,700 personnel and 70 vessels, including 5 heavy frigates, 6 submarines, 14 patrol boats, 4 minesweepers, 4 minehunters, 1 mine detection vessel, 4 support...
was re-established. - 10 April – The Norwegian Constituent Assembly convened at EidsvollEidsvollis a municipality in Akershus county, Norway. It is part of the Romerike traditional region. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Sundet.-Name:...
. - 16 May – The Constitution of NorwayConstitution of NorwayThe Constitution of Norway was first adopted on May 16, 1814 by the Norwegian Constituent Assembly at Eidsvoll , then signed and dated May 17...
was adopted by the Constituent Assembly. - 17 May – The Constitution of Norway was signed and the DanishDenmarkDenmark is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. The countries of Denmark and Greenland, as well as the Faroe Islands, constitute the Kingdom of Denmark . It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries, southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark...
Crown PrinceCrown PrinceA crown prince or crown princess is the heir or heiress apparent to the throne in a royal or imperial monarchy. The wife of a crown prince is also titled crown princess....
Christian FrederikChristian VIII of DenmarkChristian VIII , was king of Denmark from 1839 to 1848 and, as Christian Frederick, king of Norway in 1814. He was the eldest son of Hereditary Prince Frederick of Denmark and Norway and Sophia Frederica of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, born in 1786 at Christiansborg Palace in Copenhagen...
was elected King of Norway by the Constituent Assembly. - 20 May – The last day in session for the Constituent Assembly.
- 26 July – The Swedish campaign against NorwaySwedish campaign against Norway (1814)The Swedish-Norwegian War, also known as the Campaign against Norway, was fought between Sweden and Norway in the summer of 1814. The war resulted in Norway entering into union with Sweden, but with its own constitution and parliament.-Background:...
started. - 14 August – The Convention of MossConvention of MossThe Convention of Moss was a cease fire agreement, signed August 14, 1814, between the Swedish King and the Norwegian Storting. It followed the Swedish-Norwegian War due to Norway's claim to sovereignty...
was signed, ending the Swedish campaign against Norway with a Swedish victory. - 4 November – The first session of the Norwegian Parliament elected Charles IICharles XIII of SwedenCharles XIII & II also Carl, , was King of Sweden from 1809 and King of Norway from 1814 until his death...
as King in a personal union between Sweden and NorwayUnion between Sweden and NorwayThe Union between Sweden and Norway , officially the United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway, consisted of present-day Sweden and Norway between 1814 and 1905, when they were united under one monarch in a personal union....
.
Births
- 1 April - Søren JaabækSøren JaabækSøren Pedersen Jaabæk was a Norwegian politician and farmer. Jaabæk is the longest-serving member of the Parliament of Norway in the history of Norway, and was one of the founders of the Liberal Party of Norway....
, politician and farmer (d.18941894 in Norway-Events:* The 1894 Parliamentary election takes place.-Arts and literature:*Erika Nissen, pianist, is granted an artist's scholarship by the Norwegian state-Notable births:*1 January - Otto Aasen, Nordic skier...
) - 27 May - Harald Nicolai Storm WergelandHarald Nicolai Storm WergelandHarald Nicolai Storm Wergeland was a Norwegian military officer, politician and mountaineer. Having reached the rank of Major General by 1859, he served as Minister of the Army for several periods between 1857 and 1868. He later became Lieutenant General...
, military officer, politician, Minister and mountaineer (d.18931893 in Norway-Arts and literature:*The Norwegian Authors' Union is established.*Edvard Munch paints "The Scream"-January to March:*6 January - Olaf Bjerke, trade unionist and politician...
)
Full date unknown
- Peder Krabbe GaarderPeder Krabbe GaarderPeder Krabbe Gaarder was a Norwegian jurist and political theorist.He was born in Alstahaug. As a political theorist on constitutional law he weighted popular sovereignty over separation of powers. He published Fortolkninger over Grundloven og de øvrige Love, som danne Norges Riges offentlige Ret...
, jurist and political theorist (d.18831883 in Norway-January to March:*10 January - Kristian Arvesen, farmer and politician*21 January - Olav Aukrust, poet and teacher *27 January - Hans Ingvald Hansen Ratvik, politician *10 February - Gunnar Jahn, jurist, economist and politician...
) - Ketil Motzfeldt, politician and Minister (d.18891889 in Norway-Incumbents:*King of Norway - Oscar II, King of Sweden and Norway*Prime Minister of Norway: Johan Sverdrup, succeeded by*Prime Minister of Norway: Emil Stang-Notable births:*20 January - Tryggve Gran, aviator, explorer and author...
) - Nils Fredrik Severin ThambsNils Fredrik Severin ThambsNils Fredrik Severin Thambs was a Norwegian politician.He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament in 1859, representing the constituency of Stavanger. He worked as an attorney in that city. He sat one term....
, politician
Deaths
- 28 August - Erik Must AngellErik Must AngellErik Must Angell was a Norwegian jurist and politician.He graduated both as cand.theol. and cand.jur.. He became burgomaster of Throndhjem in 1774, magistrate president in 1788 and judge in 1800. He was also a member of the Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters...
, jurist and politician (b.1744) - 17 December - Christian ColbjørnsenChristian ColbjørnsenChristian Colbjørnsen served as the Chief Justice of Denmark-Norway from 1802 until 1814.-Background:...
, chief justice (b.17491749 in Norway-Births:*29 January - Christian Colbjørnsen, chief justice *21 August - Edvard Storm, poet *8 December - Peder Anker, businessman and politician...
)