1831 in Ireland
Encyclopedia
Events
- January - Agrarian unrest breaks out in counties Clare and Limerick.
- The first statistics for religion in Ireland are gathered in this year's Census.
- Sisters of MercySisters of MercyThe Religious Order of the Sisters of Mercy is an order of Catholic women founded by Catherine McAuley in Dublin, Ireland, in 1831. , the order has about 10,000 members worldwide, organized into a number of independent congregations....
established in Dublin. - 1 September - Zoological Gardens DublinDublin ZooDublin Zoo , in Phoenix Park, Dublin, Ireland is the largest zoo in Ireland and one of Dublin's most popular attractions. Opened in 1831, the zoo describes its role as conservation, study, and education...
opens. - 14 December - 40 policemen confront a mob of over 2,000 in Carrickshock, Co. Kilkenny protesting against the collection of tithes. 16 policemen killed and 7 wounded in the clash.
Births
- 22 January - Samuel Hill LawrenceSamuel Hill LawrenceMajor Samuel Hill Lawrence VC , born in Cork, was an Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces....
, recipient of the Victoria CrossVictoria CrossThe Victoria Cross is the highest military decoration awarded for valour "in the face of the enemy" to members of the armed forces of various Commonwealth countries, and previous British Empire territories....
for gallantry in 1857 at LucknowSiege of LucknowThe Siege of Lucknow was the prolonged defense of the Residency within the city of Lucknow during the Indian Rebellion of 1857. After two successive relief attempts had reached the city, the defenders and civilians were evacuated from the Residency, which was abandoned.Lucknow was the capital of...
, India (d.18681868 in Ireland-Events:*26 May - Michael Barrett, member of the Fenians, publicly executed outside the walls of Newgate Prison, for his part in the Clerkenwell bombing of 1867.-Births:*2 February - Frederic Trench, 3rd Baron Ashtown, peer ....
). - 26 January - Hugh Annesley, 5th Earl AnnesleyHugh Annesley, 5th Earl AnnesleyHugh Annesley, 5th Earl Annesley was a British military officer and Member of Parliament for County Cavan from 1857 to 1874.-Biography:He was the second son of William Richard Annesley, 3rd Earl Annesley....
, British military officer and MPMember of ParliamentA Member of Parliament is a representative of the voters to a :parliament. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, the term applies specifically to members of the lower house, as upper houses often have a different title, such as senate, and thus also have different titles for its members,...
(d.19081908 in Ireland-Events:*19 May - Work begins on a monument to Charles Stewart Parnell in Upper Sackville Street, Dublin.*31 July - Irish Universities Act receives Royal Assent in the Parliament of the UK. This ultimately leads to the establishment of the National University of Ireland and Queen's University of...
). - 11 February - Henry Mitchell JonesHenry Mitchell JonesHenry Mitchell Jones VC was an Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces....
, recipient of the Victoria CrossVictoria CrossThe Victoria Cross is the highest military decoration awarded for valour "in the face of the enemy" to members of the armed forces of various Commonwealth countries, and previous British Empire territories....
for gallantry in 1855 at Sebastopol, CrimeaCrimeaCrimea , or the Autonomous Republic of Crimea , is a sub-national unit, an autonomous republic, of Ukraine. It is located on the northern coast of the Black Sea, occupying a peninsula of the same name...
(d.19161916 in Ireland-Events:*January 14 - Michael Collins quits his job in London and returns to Ireland.*February 14 - John Redmond is re-elected Chairman of the Irish Parliamentary Party in Dublin.*February 29 - The week long Derry Feis opens in the city....
). - 1 August - George RichardsonGeorge Richardson (VC)George Richardson VC was born in Derrylane, Killeshandra, County Cavan and was an Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.-Details:He was 27 years old, and a private...
, soldier, recipient of the Victoria CrossVictoria CrossThe Victoria Cross is the highest military decoration awarded for valour "in the face of the enemy" to members of the armed forces of various Commonwealth countries, and previous British Empire territories....
for gallantry in 1859 at Kewane Trans-Gogra, India (d.19231923 in Ireland-Events:*January 13 - Beechpark, the residence of President W. T. Cosgrave in Dublin, is set on fire.*January 10 - An order is signed creating the Revenue Commissioners....
). - September - Peter GillPeter Gill (VC)Peter Gill VC was born in St Paul's Parish, Dublin and was an Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.-Details:Gill was approximately 25 years old, and a...
, recipient of the Victoria CrossVictoria CrossThe Victoria Cross is the highest military decoration awarded for valour "in the face of the enemy" to members of the armed forces of various Commonwealth countries, and previous British Empire territories....
for gallantry in 1857 in Benares, India (d.18681868 in Ireland-Events:*26 May - Michael Barrett, member of the Fenians, publicly executed outside the walls of Newgate Prison, for his part in the Clerkenwell bombing of 1867.-Births:*2 February - Frederic Trench, 3rd Baron Ashtown, peer ....
). - September - Jeremiah O'Donovan RossaJeremiah O'Donovan RossaJeremiah O'Donovan Rossa , was an Irish Fenian leader and prominent member of the Irish Republican Brotherhood. His life as an Irish Fenian is well documented but he is perhaps known best in death for the graveside oration given at his funeral by Pádraig Pearse.-Life in Ireland:He was born at...
, FenianFenianThe Fenians , both the Fenian Brotherhood and Irish Republican Brotherhood , were fraternal organisations dedicated to the establishment of an independent Irish Republic in the 19th and early 20th century. The name "Fenians" was first applied by John O'Mahony to the members of the Irish republican...
leader (d.19151915 in Ireland-Events:*April 4–25,000 National Volunteers assemble at the Phoenix Park. John Redmond takes the salute from under the statue of Charles Stewart Parnell on Sackville Street....
). - 28 November - John William MackayJohn William MackayJohn William Mackay was an American capitalist, born in Dublin, Ireland.-Early years:His parents brought him in 1840 to New York City, where he worked in a shipyard.-Gold and silver mining:...
, businessman in America (d.19021902 in Ireland-Events:*7 January - Waterford Corporation passes a motion to confer the freedom of the city on John Redmond.*8 January - The Great National Convention takes place in the Round Room of the Rotunda in Dublin...
). - 3 December - James Graham FairJames Graham FairJames Graham Fair was the overnight millionaire part-owner of the Comstock Lode, a United States Senator and a colorful real estate and railroad speculator.-Early life:...
, part-owner of the Comstock LodeComstock LodeThe Comstock Lode was the first major U.S. discovery of silver ore, located under what is now Virginia City, Nevada, on the eastern slope of Mount Davidson, a peak in the Virginia Range. After the discovery was made public in 1859, prospectors rushed to the area and scrambled to stake their claims...
, United States SenatorUnited States SenateThe United States Senate is the upper house of the bicameral legislature of the United States, and together with the United States House of Representatives comprises the United States Congress. The composition and powers of the Senate are established in Article One of the U.S. Constitution. Each...
and real estate and railroad speculator (d.18941894 in Ireland-Events:* The former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom William Ewart Gladstone retires from politics. In his career he introduced land reform to Ireland and also attempted to grant Home Rule.* The first meeting of the Irish Trade Union Congress takes place....
). - 17 December - William George Nicholas ManleyWilliam George Nicholas ManleyWilliam George Nicholas Manley VC, CB was born in Dublin and was an Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.-Details:Manley was 32 years old, and an assistant surgeon...
, recipient of the Victoria CrossVictoria CrossThe Victoria Cross is the highest military decoration awarded for valour "in the face of the enemy" to members of the armed forces of various Commonwealth countries, and previous British Empire territories....
for gallantry in 1864 near TaurangaTaurangaTauranga is the most populous city in the Bay of Plenty region, in the North Island of New Zealand.It was settled by Europeans in the early 19th century and was constituted as a city in 1963...
, New Zealand (d.19011901 in Ireland-Events:*January 1 — The centenary of the Act of Union is celebrated by British forces in Ireland.*January 3 — Despite some opposition Drogheda Corporation votes to confer the freedom of the town on President Kruger of the Boers....
). - December - Richard FitzgeraldRichard FitzgeraldRichard Fitzgerald VC was an Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.-Details:He was approximately 25 years old, and a Gunner in the Bengal Horse Artillery, Bengal...
, recipient of the Victoria CrossVictoria CrossThe Victoria Cross is the highest military decoration awarded for valour "in the face of the enemy" to members of the armed forces of various Commonwealth countries, and previous British Empire territories....
for gallantry in 1857 at Bolandshahr, India (d.18841884 in Ireland-Events:*October - Ballymena, Cushendall and Red Bay Railway taken over by Belfast and Northern Counties Railway.*22 October - The first woman receives a degree from an Irish university...
).
Full date unknown
- Daniel ConnorDaniel ConnorDaniel Connor was a convict transported to Western Australia, who became one of the wealthiest men in the colony.Daniel Connor was born in County Kilkenny, Ireland in 1831. Nothing is known of his early life, but on 20 June 1850 he was sentenced to seven years transportation for sheep stealing...
, convict transportedPenal transportationTransportation or penal transportation is the deporting of convicted criminals to a penal colony. Examples include transportation by France to Devil's Island and by the UK to its colonies in the Americas, from the 1610s through the American Revolution in the 1770s, and then to Australia between...
to Western AustraliaWestern AustraliaWestern Australia is a state of Australia, occupying the entire western third of the Australian continent. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean to the north and west, the Great Australian Bight and Indian Ocean to the south, the Northern Territory to the north-east and South Australia to the south-east...
, businessman (d.18981898 in Ireland-Events:*6 July - Guglielmo Marconi conducts a test radio telegraph transmission for Lloyd's between Ballycastle, County Antrim, and Rathlin Island.*12 August - James Connolly launches the first issue of the Workers' Republic newsletter....
). - John DunlayJohn DunlayJohn Dunlay VC , also known as John Dunley or John Dunlea, born in Douglas, County Cork, was an Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.He was approximately 26 years...
, recipient of the Victoria CrossVictoria CrossThe Victoria Cross is the highest military decoration awarded for valour "in the face of the enemy" to members of the armed forces of various Commonwealth countries, and previous British Empire territories....
for gallantry in 1857 at LucknowLucknowLucknow is the capital city of Uttar Pradesh in India. Lucknow is the administrative headquarters of Lucknow District and Lucknow Division....
, India (d.18631863 in Ireland-Events:*The Ulster Railway, which began construction in 1839, reaches Clones.*28 November - First edition of The Irish People.-Births:*1 February - George Carew, 4th Baron Carew ....
). - Frederick Falkiner, lawyer, judge and author (d.19081908 in Ireland-Events:*19 May - Work begins on a monument to Charles Stewart Parnell in Upper Sackville Street, Dublin.*31 July - Irish Universities Act receives Royal Assent in the Parliament of the UK. This ultimately leads to the establishment of the National University of Ireland and Queen's University of...
).
Deaths
- 30 January - William HalesWilliam HalesWilliam Hales was an Irish clergyman and scientific writer.He was born in Cork, Ireland, the son of Samuel Hales, the curate at the cathedral church there....
, clergyman and scientific writer (b.17471747 in Ireland-Births:*8 April - William Hales, clergyman and scientific writer .*Denis Daly, landowner, MP and Mayor of Galway .-Deaths:*27 May - Bernard MacMahon, Roman Catholic Bishop of Clogher, later Archbishop of Armagh ....
). - 8 December - James HobanJames HobanJames Hoban was an Irish architect, best known for designing The White House in Washington, D.C.-Life:James Hoban was born and raised in a thatched cottage on the Earl of Desart's estate in Cuffesgrange, near Callan in Co. Kilkenny...
, architect, designed the White HouseWhite HouseThe White House is the official residence and principal workplace of the president of the United States. Located at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW in Washington, D.C., the house was designed by Irish-born James Hoban, and built between 1792 and 1800 of white-painted Aquia sandstone in the Neoclassical...
in Washington, D.C.Washington, D.C.Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, "the District", or simply D.C., is the capital of the United States. On July 16, 1790, the United States Congress approved the creation of a permanent national capital as permitted by the U.S. Constitution....
(b. c1762).
Full date unknown
- Alexander Macomb, Sr.Alexander Macomb, Sr.Alexander Macomb was a prosperous American merchant and land speculator, who purchased nearly four million acres from New York after the American Revolutionary War. A Loyalist sympathizer, he operated from New York City after the war. Before the New York purchase, he had speculated on land in...
, merchant and land speculator with Macomb's PurchaseMacomb's PurchaseMacomb's Purchase is a large historical area of northern New York, USA purchased from the state in 1791 by Alexander Macomb, who had become rich as a merchant in the American Revolution.-History and geography:...
in New YorkNew YorkNew York is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east...
(b.17481748 in Ireland-Events:* Leinster House in Dublin completed as a residence for James, Earl of Kildare by Richard Cassels.-Births:*Alexander Macomb, Sr., merchant and land speculator with Macomb's Purchase in New York .*John Ramage, artist .-Deaths:...
).