1868 in Ireland
Encyclopedia
Events
- 26 May - Michael BarrettMichael Barrett (Fenian)Michael Barrett was born in Drumnagreshial in the Ederney area of County Fermanagh. In his adult years he became a member of the Fenians....
, member of the FenianFenianThe Fenians , both the Fenian Brotherhood and Irish Republican Brotherhood , were fraternal organisations dedicated to the establishment of an independent Irish Republic in the 19th and early 20th century. The name "Fenians" was first applied by John O'Mahony to the members of the Irish republican...
s, publicly executed outside the walls of Newgate PrisonNewgate PrisonNewgate Prison was a prison in London, at the corner of Newgate Street and Old Bailey just inside the City of London. It was originally located at the site of a gate in the Roman London Wall. The gate/prison was rebuilt in the 12th century, and demolished in 1777...
, for his part in the ClerkenwellClerkenwellClerkenwell is an area of central London in the London Borough of Islington. From 1900 to 1965 it was part of the Metropolitan Borough of Finsbury. The well after which it was named was rediscovered in 1924. The watchmaking and watch repairing trades were once of great importance...
bombing of 18671867 in Ireland-Events:*11 February – Abortive Fenian attempt to seize Chester Castle.*5 March – Fenian rising in County Dublin, County Cork, County Limerick, County Tipperary and County Clare....
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Births
- 2 February - Frederic Trench, 3rd Baron Ashtown, peer (d.19461946 in Ireland-Events:*3 January - William Joyce, alias Lord Haw Haw, is hanged in Wandsworth Prison for treason.*7 January - The Minister for Education, Thomas Derrig, announces that because refugee children who arrived in Ireland during the war do not have a sufficient knowledge of the Irish language they...
). - 4 February - Constance Gore-Booth (later Markievicz), Sinn FéinSinn FéinSinn Féin is a left wing, Irish republican political party in Ireland. The name is Irish for "ourselves" or "we ourselves", although it is frequently mistranslated as "ourselves alone". Originating in the Sinn Féin organisation founded in 1905 by Arthur Griffith, it took its current form in 1970...
and Fianna FáilFianna FáilFianna Fáil – The Republican Party , more commonly known as Fianna Fáil is a centrist political party in the Republic of Ireland, founded on 23 March 1926. Fianna Fáil's name is traditionally translated into English as Soldiers of Destiny, although a more accurate rendition would be Warriors of Fál...
TDTeachta DálaA Teachta Dála , usually abbreviated as TD in English, is a member of Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Oireachtas . It is the equivalent of terms such as "Member of Parliament" or "deputy" used in other states. The official translation of the term is "Deputy to the Dáil", though a more literal...
, member of 1st Dáil, Cabinet Minister (d.19271927 in Ireland-Events:*April 6 - Dan Breen proposes a Bill in the Dáil that Article 17 of the Irish Free State Constitution be removed. President W. T. Cosgrave opposes the removal of the Oath of Allegiance....
). - 1 May - George F. O'ShaunessyGeorge F. O'ShaunessyGeorge Francis O'Shaunessy of Providence, Rhode Island was born in Galway, Ireland, May 1, 1868, and died in 1934. He was a U.S. Representative from Rhode Island, 1911-1919. He was a Democrat.-References:...
, DemocratDemocratic Party (United States)The Democratic Party is one of two major contemporary political parties in the United States, along with the Republican Party. The party's socially liberal and progressive platform is largely considered center-left in the U.S. political spectrum. The party has the lengthiest record of continuous...
U.S. Representative from Rhode IslandRhode IslandThe state of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, more commonly referred to as Rhode Island , is a state in the New England region of the United States. It is the smallest U.S. state by area...
(d.19341934 in Ireland-Events:*January 12 - Republican Press Ltd. takes a High Court action against the Garda Síochána over the seizure of the An Phoblacht newspaper.*January 20 - The funeral of the veteran nationalist Member of Parliament, Joseph Devlin, takes place in Belfast....
). - 5 June - James ConnollyJames ConnollyJames Connolly was an Irish republican and socialist leader. He was born in the Cowgate area of Edinburgh, Scotland, to Irish immigrant parents and spoke with a Scottish accent throughout his life. He left school for working life at the age of 11, but became one of the leading Marxist theorists of...
, socialist, trade unionist, nationalist, rebel and Easter Rising leader, executed (d.19161916 in Ireland-Events:*January 14 - Michael Collins quits his job in London and returns to Ireland.*February 14 - John Redmond is re-elected Chairman of the Irish Parliamentary Party in Dublin.*February 29 - The week long Derry Feis opens in the city....
). - 7 June - John Sealy TownsendJohn Sealy TownsendJohn Sealy Edward Townsend, FRS was a mathematical physicist who conducted various studies concerning the electrical conduction of gases and directly measured the electrical charge...
, mathematical physicist (d.19571957 in Ireland-Events:*January 1 - Seán South and Fergal O'Hanlon are killed in an IRA attack on an RUC barracks in Brookeborough, County Fermanagh. The two men become part of republican folklore.*January 24 - Sir Alfred Chester Beatty becomes the first honorary Irish citizen....
). - 23 June - Francis BrowningFrancis BrowningFrancis Henry Browning was an Irish cricketer and President of the Irish Rugby Football Union. He was a right-handed batsman and a wicket-keeper....
, cricketer (d.19161916 in Ireland-Events:*January 14 - Michael Collins quits his job in London and returns to Ireland.*February 14 - John Redmond is re-elected Chairman of the Irish Parliamentary Party in Dublin.*February 29 - The week long Derry Feis opens in the city....
). - 9 August - Bishop Patrick McKennaBishop Patrick McKennaThe Most Rev. Dr. Patrick McKenna was a Roman Catholic Bishop of Clogher in Ireland.Born at Moybridge in the parish of Errigal Truagh,County Monaghan, he studied at St. Macartan's College, Monaghan and Maynooth College. He was a Catholic priest in the Diocese of Clogher, Ireland, ordained in 1894...
, Bishop of Clogher, 1909-1942 (d.19421942 in Ireland-Events:*March 3 - Due to the The Emergency the rationing of gas is introduced.*March 5 - It is announced that Ireland is to have a new Central Bank replacing the old Currency Commission....
). - 14 September - Arthur Gore, 6th Earl of ArranArthur Gore, 6th Earl of ArranArthur Jocelyn Charles Gore, 6th Earl of Arran KP PC , known as Viscount Sudley from 1884 to 1901, was an Anglo-Irish peer and soldier....
, Anglo-IrishAnglo-IrishAnglo-Irish was a term used primarily in the 19th and early 20th centuries to identify a privileged social class in Ireland, whose members were the descendants and successors of the Protestant Ascendancy, mostly belonging to the Church of Ireland, which was the established church of Ireland until...
peer and soldier (d.19581958 in Ireland-Events:*6 February - Dublin's Liam Whelan is among the dead when a plane carrying the Manchester United team crashes in Munich.*18 March - Taoiseach Éamon de Valera says he would be willing to have talks with the government of Northern Ireland on wider economic co-operation.*20 March - Work begins...
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Full date unknown
- P. J. BradyP. J. BradyPatrick Joseph Brady was Irish nationalist MP. in the Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland for Dublin St Stephen’s Green constituency from 1910 to 1918, during the closing years of the Irish Parliamentary Party’s dominance of Irish politics. Later, he was a Senator of the...
, Irish Nationalist Member of UK ParliamentParliament of the United KingdomThe Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative body in the United Kingdom, British Crown dependencies and British overseas territories, located in London...
for Dublin St Stephen’s GreenDublin St Stephen's Green (UK Parliament constituency)St Stephen's Green, a division of Dublin, was a UK parliamentary constituency in Ireland. It returned one Member of Parliament to the British House of Commons 1885–1922....
(d.19431943 in Ireland-Events:*February 1 - The Central Bank of Ireland is established; it is not, however, given all then powers expected of a central bank.*February 23 - 35 children lose their lives to fire in St Joseph's Orphanage, Main Street Cavan. Verdict criticises the Poor Clare nuns.*February 23 - S.S...
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January to June
- 9 January - John Henry HopkinsJohn Henry HopkinsJohn Henry Hopkins was the first bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Vermont and was the eighth Presiding Bishop of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America.-Early life and career:...
, first bishopBishopA bishop is an ordained or consecrated member of the Christian clergy who is generally entrusted with a position of authority and oversight. Within the Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox Churches, in the Assyrian Church of the East, in the Independent Catholic Churches, and in the...
of Episcopal Diocese of VermontEpiscopal Diocese of VermontThe Episcopal Diocese of Vermont is the diocese of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America in the state of Vermont. It was the first diocese in the Episcopal Church to elect a woman, Mary Adelia McLeod, as diocesan bishop....
and eighth Presiding BishopPresiding BishopThe Presiding Bishop is an ecclesiastical position in some denominations of Christianity.- Evangelical Lutheran Church in America :The Presiding Bishop of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America is the chief ecumenical officer of the church, and the leader and caretaker for the bishops of the...
of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America (b.17921792 in Ireland-Events:*Belfast Reading Society, becomes the Belfast Society for Promoting Knowledge, later to become the Linen Hall Library.-Births:*30 January - John Henry Hopkins, first bishop of Episcopal Diocese of Vermont and eighth Presiding Bishop of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America...
). - 19 February - Dominick DalyDominick DalySir Dominick Daly was the Governor of Prince Edward Island from 11 July 1854 to 25 May 1859 and later Governor of South Australia from 4 March 1862 until his death on 19 February 1868....
, Governor of Prince Edward Island, later Governor of South Australia (b.17981798 in Ireland-Events:* March - Great Britain's Irish militia arrest the leadership of the Society of United Irishmen marking the beginning of the 1798 Rebellion. * 19 May - Rebel leader Lord Edward FitzGerald is arrested in Dublin....
). - 7 April - D'Arcy McGeeD'Arcy McGeeThomas D'Arcy Etienne Hughes McGee, PC, was an Irish Nationalist, Catholic spokesman, journalist, and a Father of Canadian confederation. He fought for the development of Irish and Canadian national identities that would transcend their component groups...
, journalist, politician in CanadaCanadaCanada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
, assassinated (b.18251825 in Ireland-Events:*The Unlawful Societies Act proscribed both the Catholic Association and the Orange Order.*Foundation of the Provincial Bank of Ireland, see Allied Irish Banks-Births:*13 April - D'Arcy McGee, journalist, politician in Canada, assassinated ....
). - 21 April - Henry James O'FarrellHenry James O'FarrellHenry James O'Farrell is infamously recorded as the first person to attempt a political assassination in Australia. In 1868, he shot and wounded HRH The Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh the second son and fourth child of Queen Victoria.-Biography:...
, hanged in AustraliaAustraliaAustralia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
for attempted assassination of Prince Alfred, Duke of EdinburghAlfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and GothaAlfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha was the third Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, and reigned from 1893 to 1900. He was also a member of the British Royal Family, the second son and fourth child of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha...
. - 19 May - Benjamin GuinnessBenjamin GuinnessSir Benjamin Lee Guinness, 1st Baronet was an Irish brewer and philanthropist.-Brewer:Born in Dublin, he was the third son of the second Arthur Guinness , and his wife Anne Lee, and a grandson of the latter's namesake who founded the Guinness brewery in 1759...
, brewer and philanthropist (b.17981798 in Ireland-Events:* March - Great Britain's Irish militia arrest the leadership of the Society of United Irishmen marking the beginning of the 1798 Rebellion. * 19 May - Rebel leader Lord Edward FitzGerald is arrested in Dublin....
). - 26 May - Michael BarrettMichael Barrett (Fenian)Michael Barrett was born in Drumnagreshial in the Ederney area of County Fermanagh. In his adult years he became a member of the Fenians....
, member of the FenianFenianThe Fenians , both the Fenian Brotherhood and Irish Republican Brotherhood , were fraternal organisations dedicated to the establishment of an independent Irish Republic in the 19th and early 20th century. The name "Fenians" was first applied by John O'Mahony to the members of the Irish republican...
s, executed in LondonLondonLondon is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
. - 17 June - Samuel Hill LawrenceSamuel Hill LawrenceMajor Samuel Hill Lawrence VC , born in Cork, was an Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces....
, recipient of the Victoria CrossVictoria CrossThe Victoria Cross is the highest military decoration awarded for valour "in the face of the enemy" to members of the armed forces of various Commonwealth countries, and previous British Empire territories....
for gallantry in 1857 at LucknowSiege of LucknowThe Siege of Lucknow was the prolonged defense of the Residency within the city of Lucknow during the Indian Rebellion of 1857. After two successive relief attempts had reached the city, the defenders and civilians were evacuated from the Residency, which was abandoned.Lucknow was the capital of...
, IndiaIndiaIndia , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
(b.18311831 in Ireland- Events :* January - Agrarian unrest breaks out in counties Clare and Limerick.* The first statistics for religion in Ireland are gathered in this year's Census.* Sisters of Mercy established in Dublin.* 1 September - Zoological Gardens Dublin opens....
). - 25 June - Alexander MitchellAlexander Mitchell (engineer)Alexander Mitchell, was an Irish engineer who from 1802 was blind. He is known as the inventor of the screw-pile lighthouse...
, engineer and inventor of the screw-pile lighthouseScrew-pile lighthouseA screw-pile lighthouse is a lighthouse which stands on piles that are screwed into sandy or muddy sea or river bottoms. The first screw-pile lighthouse was built by blind Irish engineer Alexander Mitchell...
(b.17801780 in Ireland-Births:*January - William Henry Fitton, geologist .*13 April - Alexander Mitchell, engineer and inventor of the screw-pile lighthouse .*17 August - George Croly, poet, novelist, historian and divine ....
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July to December
- 26 July - Peter GillPeter Gill (VC)Peter Gill VC was born in St Paul's Parish, Dublin and was an Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.-Details:Gill was approximately 25 years old, and a...
, recipient of the Victoria CrossVictoria CrossThe Victoria Cross is the highest military decoration awarded for valour "in the face of the enemy" to members of the armed forces of various Commonwealth countries, and previous British Empire territories....
for gallantry in 1857 in Benares, IndiaIndiaIndia , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
(b.18311831 in Ireland- Events :* January - Agrarian unrest breaks out in counties Clare and Limerick.* The first statistics for religion in Ireland are gathered in this year's Census.* Sisters of Mercy established in Dublin.* 1 September - Zoological Gardens Dublin opens....
). - 3 August - Charles Graham HalpineCharles Graham HalpineCharles Graham Halpine was an Irish journalist and author.-Biography:Born at Oldcastle, County Meath, he was son of the Rev. Nicholas John Halpin...
, journalist, editor and author (b.18291829 in Ireland-Events:*13 April - Catholic Emancipation Act becomes law, thanks to Daniel O'Connell and the Catholic Association..*12 July - Orange Institution parades in Belfast are banned, leading to demonstrations and serious rioting in Belfast...
). - 20 August - Henry Maxwell, 7th Baron FarnhamHenry Maxwell, 7th Baron FarnhamHenry Maxwell, 7th Baron Farnham KP was an Irish peer and Member of Parliament.Farnham was the son of Henry Maxwell, 6th Baron Farnham, and Lady Anne Butler. He was elected to the House of Commons for County Cavan in 1824, a seat he continued to represent until 1838...
, politician and peer (b.17991799 in Ireland-Births:*1799 Joseph M. Hawkins, Alamo Defender .*28 February - William Dargan, engineer and railway builder .*9 August - Henry Maxwell, 7th Baron Farnham, politician and peer .*12 August - Patrick MacDowell, sculptor .-Deaths:...
). - 26 December - Richard MayneRichard MayneSir Richard Mayne KCB was a barrister and the joint first Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis, the head of the London Metropolitan Police...
, barrister and joint first Commissioner of Police of the MetropolisCommissioner of Police of the MetropolisThe Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis is the head of London's Metropolitan Police Service, classing the holder as a chief police officer...
, head of the LondonLondonLondon is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
Metropolitan PoliceMetropolitan Police ServiceThe Metropolitan Police Service is the territorial police force responsible for Greater London, excluding the "square mile" of the City of London which is the responsibility of the City of London Police...
(1829–1868) (b.17961796 in Ireland-Events:*1 February - Theobald Wolfe Tone arrives in France.*12 July - First Orange parade held to commemorate the Battle of the Boyne.*Yeomanry Corp formed; Insurrection Act.*15 December - French expedition sailed from Brest....
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