n country consisting of ten provinces and three territories
. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean
in the east to the Pacific Ocean
in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean
. Spanning over 9.9 million square kilometres, Canada is the world's second-largest country by total area, and its common border with the United States
is the longest land border in the world.
The land that is now Canada was inhabited for millennia by various groups of Aboriginal peoples
.
1534 Jacques Cartier begins the voyage during which he discovers Canada and Labrador.
1541 French explorer Jacques Cartier lands near Quebec City in his third voyage to Canada.
1578 Martin Frobisher sails from Harwich, England to Frobisher Bay, Canada, eventually to mine fool's gold, used to pave streets in London.
1604 Samuel de Champlain discovers the mouth of the Saint John River, site of Reversing Falls and the present day city of Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada.
1613 The first English child born in Canada at Cuper's Cove, Newfoundland to Nicholas Guy.
1620 Construction of the oldest stone church in French North America, Notre-Dame-des-Anges, begins in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.
1713 The French residents of Acadia are given one year to declare allegiance to Britain or leave Nova Scotia, Canada.
1733 The right of Canadians to keep Indian slaves is upheld at Quebec City.
1745 British troops take Cape Breton Island, which is now part of Nova Scotia, Canada.
1760 Great Upheaval: New England planters arrive to claim land in Nova Scotia, Canada taken from the Acadians.
I am proud to be the first member of the Canadian Royal Family to be greeted in Canada's newest Territory. 
As we enter our centennial year we are still a young nation, very much in the formative stages. Our national condition is still flexible enough that we can make almost anything we wish of our nation. No other country is in a better position than Canada to go ahead with the evolution of a national purpose devoted to all that is good and noble and exellent in the human spirit.
Canada is a country whose main exports are hockey players and cold fronts. Our main imports are baseball players and acid rain.
We'll explain the appeal of curling to you if you explain the appeal of the National Rifle Association to us.
Canada is like an old cow. The West feeds it. Ontario and Quebec milk it. And you can well imagine what it's doing in the Maritimes.
Canadians are the people who learned to live without the bold accents of the natural ego-trippers of other lands.
I am so excited about Canadians ruling the world.
"If the national mental illness of the United States is megalomania, that of Canada is paranoid schizophrenia."
"We French & English never lost our civil war/ endure it still/ a bloody civil bore."