1865 in Wales
Encyclopedia
This article is about the particular significance of the year 1865 to Wales
Wales
Wales is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain, bordered by England to its east and the Atlantic Ocean and Irish Sea to its west. It has a population of three million, and a total area of 20,779 km²...

 and its people
Welsh people
The Welsh people are an ethnic group and nation associated with Wales and the Welsh language.John Davies argues that the origin of the "Welsh nation" can be traced to the late 4th and early 5th centuries, following the Roman departure from Britain, although Brythonic Celtic languages seem to have...

.

Incumbents

  • Prince of Wales
    Prince of Wales
    Prince of Wales is a title traditionally granted to the heir apparent to the reigning monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the 15 other independent Commonwealth realms...

     — Edward
    Edward VII of the United Kingdom
    Edward VII was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions and Emperor of India from 22 January 1901 until his death in 1910...

    , son of Queen Victoria
  • Princess of Wales
    Princess of Wales
    Princess of Wales is a British courtesy title held by the wife of The Prince of Wales since the first "English" Prince of Wales in 1283.Although there have been considerably more than ten male heirs to the throne, there have been only ten Princesses of Wales. The majority of Princes of Wales...

     — Alexandra of Denmark
    Alexandra of Denmark
    Alexandra of Denmark was the wife of Edward VII of the United Kingdom...


Events

  • 5 January — The Festiniog Railway
    Ffestiniog Railway
    The Ffestiniog Railway is a narrow gauge heritage railway, located in Gwynedd, Wales. It is a major tourist attraction located mainly within the Snowdonia National Park....

     officially opens to passengers, the first narrow gauge railway in the British Isles to do so.
  • 14 January — An American Confederate paddle steamer
    Paddle steamer
    A paddle steamer is a steamship or riverboat, powered by a steam engine, using paddle wheels to propel it through the water. In antiquity, Paddle wheelers followed the development of poles, oars and sails, where the first uses were wheelers driven by animals or humans...

    , Lelia, sinks off the north Wales coast, with the loss of eighteen lives.
  • 1 February — The Vale of Neath Railway
    Vale of Neath Railway
    The Vale of Neath Railway was a broad gauge railway line from Neath to Merthyr Tydfil, in Glamorgan, Wales, and also operated the Swansea and Neath Railway which gave it access to the docks at Swansea...

     is amalgamated with the Great Western Railway
    Great Western Railway
    The Great Western Railway was a British railway company that linked London with the south-west and west of England and most of Wales. It was founded in 1833, received its enabling Act of Parliament in 1835 and ran its first trains in 1838...

    .
  • 14 April — Opening of the Royal Pier at Aberystwyth
    Aberystwyth
    Aberystwyth is a historic market town, administrative centre and holiday resort within Ceredigion, Wales. Often colloquially known as Aber, it is located at the confluence of the rivers Ystwyth and Rheidol....

    , built by Eugenius Birch
    Eugenius Birch
    Eugenius Birch was a 19th Century English naval architect, engineer and noted pier builder.-Biography:Both Eugenius and his brother were born in Gloucester Terrace, Shoreditch, to grain dealer John and wife Susanne...

     at a cost of £13,600.
  • May — Opening of Talyllyn Railway
    Talyllyn Railway
    The Talyllyn Railway is a narrow-gauge preserved railway in Wales running for from Tywyn on the Mid-Wales coast to Nant Gwernol near the village of Abergynolwyn. The line was opened in 1866 to carry slate from the quarries at Bryn Eglwys to Tywyn, and was the first narrow gauge railway in Britain...

    .
  • 1 May — Opening of the Llangollen and Corwen Railway
    Llangollen and Corwen railway
    The Llangollen and Corwen Railway was formed as a continuation of the Vale of Llangollen Railway to continue the line along the Dee Valley a further to Corwen. This was opened on 1 May 1865 and was worked by the Great Western Railway and subsequently the Western Region of British Railways.A...

    , linking Corwen
    Corwen
    Corwen is a town and community in the county of Denbighshire in Wales; it was previously part of the county of Meirionnydd). Corwen stands on the banks of the River Dee beneath the Berwyn mountains. The town is situated west of Llangollen and south of Ruthin...

     with the main line at Ruabon
    Ruabon
    Ruabon is a village and community in the county borough of Wrexham in Wales.More than 80% of the population of 2,400 were born in Wales with 13.6% speaking Welsh....

    .
  • 28 May — The Mimosa
    Mimosa (ship)
    The Mimosa was a clipper ship best known for carrying the first Welsh emigrants to South America in 1865.-Voyage to Patagonia:By the time Mimosa made the voyage she was already past her prime, having been built in 1853 at Hall's shipyard in Aberdeen. She had not been designed to carry passengers,...

    sets sail with emigrants for Patagonia
    Patagonia
    Patagonia is a region located in Argentina and Chile, integrating the southernmost section of the Andes mountains to the southwest towards the Pacific ocean and from the east of the cordillera to the valleys it follows south through Colorado River towards Carmen de Patagones in the Atlantic Ocean...

    .
  • 28 July — The town of Puerto Madryn
    Puerto Madryn
    Puerto Madryn is a city in the province of Chubut in the Argentine Patagonia. It is the head town of the Viedma Department, and has about 57,571 inhabitants according to the last census in 2001....

     and the Patagonian colony is founded by Michael D. Jones
    Michael D. Jones
    Michael Daniel Jones was a Welsh Congregationalist minister and principal of a theological college, but is best remembered as a founder of the Welsh settlement in Patagonia known as Y Wladfa and as one of the fathers of modern Welsh nationalism.Jones was born in Llanuwchllyn, Merioneth in 1822...

    .
  • 29 November — Two men die when a coal train falls into the North Dock at Swansea
    Swansea
    Swansea is a coastal city and county in Wales. Swansea is in the historic county boundaries of Glamorgan. Situated on the sandy South West Wales coast, the county area includes the Gower Peninsula and the Lliw uplands...

    .
  • The only outbreak of yellow fever
    Yellow fever
    Yellow fever is an acute viral hemorrhagic disease. The virus is a 40 to 50 nm enveloped RNA virus with positive sense of the Flaviviridae family....

     ever to occur in Britain kills fifteen people in Swansea.
  • Construction of Whitford Point Lighthouse on Gower
    Gower Peninsula
    Gower or the Gower Peninsula is a peninsula in south Wales, jutting from the coast into the Bristol Channel, and administratively part of the City and County of Swansea. Locally it is known as "Gower"...

    , the only cast-iron lighthouse
    Lighthouse
    A lighthouse is a tower, building, or other type of structure designed to emit light from a system of lamps and lenses or, in older times, from a fire, and used as an aid to navigation for maritime pilots at sea or on inland waterways....

     ever built in the UK.
  • Francis Kilvert
    Francis Kilvert
    Robert Francis Kilvert , always known as Francis, or Frank, was born at The Rectory, Hardenhuish Lane, near Chippenham, Wiltshire, to the Rev. Robert Kilvert, Rector of Langley Burrell, Wiltshire, and Thermuthis, daughter of Walter Coleman and Thermuthis Ashe...

     becomes curate of Clyro
    Clyro
    Clyro is a village in Powys, Wales with approximately 600 inhabitants . The nearest town is Hay-on-Wye, some 1.5 miles to the southeast. The nearest city is Hereford in England, some 23 miles to the east.-History:...

     in Radnorshire.
  • Sale of the Pwyllycrochan estate, leading to the development of Colwyn Bay
    Colwyn Bay
    - Demography :Prior to local government reorganisation on 1 April 1974 Colwyn Bay was a municipal borough with a population of c.25,000, but in 1974 this designation disappeared leaving five separate parishes, known as communities in Wales, of which the one bearing the name Colwyn Bay encompassed...

    .
  • John Crichton-Stuart, Marquess of Bute
    John Crichton-Stuart, 3rd Marquess of Bute
    John Patrick Crichton-Stuart, 3rd Marquess of Bute KT, KSG, KGCHS was a landed aristocrat, industrial magnate, antiquarian, scholar, philanthropist and architectural patron.-Early life:...

    , meets architect and designer William Burges
    William Burges
    William Burges may refer to:* William Burges * William Burges...

    .
  • Robert Jones Derfel
    Robert Jones Derfel
    Robert Jones Derfel was a Welsh poet and political writer.He was born Robert Jones on a farm in Merionethshire and became a travelling salesman employed by a Manchester firm. He also became a Baptist preacher. With John Ceiriog Hughes and two other Welshmen, he formed a literary society in...

     retires from the ministry and sets up a Welsh bookshop and press in Manchester.

Awards

  • National Eisteddfod of Wales
    National Eisteddfod of Wales
    The National Eisteddfod of Wales is the most important of several eisteddfodau that are held annually, mostly in Wales.- Organisation :...

     is held at Aberystwyth
    Aberystwyth
    Aberystwyth is a historic market town, administrative centre and holiday resort within Ceredigion, Wales. Often colloquially known as Aber, it is located at the confluence of the rivers Ystwyth and Rheidol....

    . The chair is won by Lewis William Lewis (Llew Llwyfo).

New books

  • Morris Davies — Cofiant Ann Griffiths
    Ann Griffiths
    Ann Griffiths was a Welsh poet and writer of Methodist Christian hymns.-Biography:Ann was born in April 1776 near the village of Llanfihangel-yng-Ngwynfa, six miles from the market town of Llanfyllin in Powys...

  • John Evans (I. D. Ffraid) — Coll Gwynfa (translation of Milton's Paradise Lost)
  • John Ceiriog Hughes
    John Ceiriog Hughes
    John Ceiriog Hughes , was a Welsh poet and well-known collector of Welsh folk tunes. Sometimes referred to as the "Robert Burns of Wales"...

     — Y Bardd a'r Cerddor
  • John Jones (Mathetes) — Pregeth i Fyfyrwyr Coleg Hwlffordd ...
  • John Thomas (Ifor Cwmgwys) — Diferion Meddyliol

Sport

  • Cricket
    • 17 July — South Wales Cricket Club travels to Gravesend to play the Gentlemen of Kent.
    • August — Morriston Cricket Club is founded.

Births

  • 2 February - Henry Davies
    Henry Davies (cricketer)
    Henry Gwyn Saunders Davies was a Welsh cricketer. Davies was a right-handed batsman.Born in Pembroke in 1865, Davies represented Hampshire in a single first-class match in 1883 against Sussex, where he made a scored 42 in Hampshire's first innings and 3 in their second innings.In March 1921 Henry...

    , cricketer (died 1934)
  • 23 February — William George
    William George
    William George may refer to:*Bill George , American football player*Bill George , 19th century dog dealer and London celebrity*Bill George , American baseball player...

    , lawyer and local politician (died 1967
    1967 in Wales
    This article is about the particular significance of the year 1967 to Wales and its people.-Incumbents:*Prince of Wales - Charles, Prince of Wales*Princess of Wales - vacant*Secretary of State for Wales - Cledwyn Hughes...

    )
  • 28 February — Arthur Symons
    Arthur Symons
    Arthur William Symons , was a British poet, critic and magazine editor.-Life:Born in Milford Haven, Wales, of Cornish parents, Symons was educated privately, spending much of his time in France and Italy...

    , poet and critic (died 1945
    1945 in Wales
    This article is about the particular significance of the year 1945 to Wales and its people.-Incumbents:*Prince of Wales - vacant*Princess of Wales - vacant*Archbishop of Wales - David Lewis Prosser...

    )
  • 7 March — Martyn Jordan
    Martyn Jordan
    Martyn Jordan was an English-born international rugby union player who played club rugby for London Welsh and Newport and international rugby for Wales...

    , Wales international rugby player (died 1902
    1902 in Wales
    This article is about the particular significance of the year 1902 to Wales and its people.-Incumbents:*Prince of Wales - George, Prince of Wales, son of King Edward VII of the United Kingdom*Princess of Wales - Mary of Teck...

    )
  • 3 June — Prince George
    George V of the United Kingdom
    George V was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 6 May 1910 through the First World War until his death in 1936....

    , second son of the Prince and Princess of Wales and himself Prince of Wales 1901–1910 (died 1936
    1936 in Wales
    This article is about the particular significance of the year 1936 to Wales and its people.-Incumbents:*Prince of Wales - vacant*Princess of Wales - vacant*Archbishop of Wales - Charles Alfred Howell Green...

    )
  • 6 August — Lewis Cobden Thomas
    Lewis Cobden Thomas
    Lewis Cobden Thomas was a Welsh international rugby union forward who played club rugby for Neath and Cardiff Rugby Football Club and international rugby for Wales. In 1900 he became the Mayor of Neath.-Personal history:...

    , Wales international rugby player (died 1928
    1928 in Wales
    This article is about the particular significance of the year 1928 to Wales and its people.-Incumbents:*Prince of Wales - Edward, Prince of Wales, son of King George V of the United Kingdom*Princess of Wales - vacant...

    )
  • 22 August — Stephen Thomas
    Stephen Thomas (rugby player)
    Stephen Thomas was a Welsh international rugby union forward who played club rugby for Llanelli and Gowerton. Thomas played for Wales on three occasions during the 1890 and 1891 Home Nations Championships.- Rugby career :...

     Wales international rugby player (died 1937)
  • 23 September — William Brace
    William Brace
    William Brace was a Welsh trade unionist and Labour politician. Born in Risca, in the coal-mining district of Monmouthshire, he was one of six children of Thomas and Anne Brace. Brace briefly attended school before starting work at the local colliery, aged 12...

    , politician (died 1947)
  • 20 October — Sir Rhys Rhys-Williams, 1st Baronet, judge (died 1955)
  • 26 October — Hugh Ingledew
    Hugh Ingledew
    Hugh Murray Ingledew was a Welsh international rugby union forward who played club rugby for Cardiff. Ingledew also played cricket for Glamorgan and was instrumental as a solicitor, in helping the local Cardiff cricket and rugby clubs purchase the Cardiff Arms Park in 1922.-Rugby career:Ingledew...

    , Wales international rugby player (died 1937)
  • October - Jack Doughty
    Jack Doughty
    John "Jack" Doughty was a Welsh footballer who played as a forward. Born in Bilston, Staffordshire, to an Irish father and a Welsh mother, Doughty started his football career with Druids before joining Newton Heath in June 1886...

    , footballer (died 1937)

Deaths

  • 21 February — Stapleton Cotton
    Stapleton Cotton, 1st Viscount Combermere
    Field Marshal Stapleton Cotton, 1st Viscount Combermere GCB, GCH, KSI, PC , was a British military leader, diplomat and politician...

    , military leader, 91
  • 26 April — William Williams, MP, 77
  • 10 August — Hugh Pugh
    Hugh Pugh (sailor)
    Hugh Pugh , was a legendary Welsh mariner.Pugh was the captain of a 60-ton "flat" named the Ann of Liverpool, which traded between Runcorn and Caernarfon. His exploits were recorded by John Glyn Davies in the ballad Fflat Huw Puw...

    , mariner, 71
  • 28 September — John Lloyd Vaughan Watkins
    John Lloyd Vaughan Watkins
    John Lloyd VaughanWatkins was a Welsh Liberal politician who sat in the House of Commons in three periods between 1832 and 1865....

    , politician, 63
  • date unknownRees Howell Gronow
    Rees Howell Gronow
    Rees Howell Gronow , "Captain Gronow", was a Welsh Grenadier Guards officer, an unsuccessful parliamentarian, a dandy and a writer of celebrated reminiscences.-Origins and education:...

    , soldier, politician and memoirist
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