1900 in Wales
Encyclopedia
This article is about the particular significance of the year 1900 to Wales
and its people
.
Wales
Wales is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain, bordered by England to its east and the Atlantic Ocean and Irish Sea to its west. It has a population of three million, and a total area of 20,779 km²...
and its people
Welsh people
The Welsh people are an ethnic group and nation associated with Wales and the Welsh language.John Davies argues that the origin of the "Welsh nation" can be traced to the late 4th and early 5th centuries, following the Roman departure from Britain, although Brythonic Celtic languages seem to have...
.
Incumbents
- Prince of WalesPrince of WalesPrince of Wales is a title traditionally granted to the heir apparent to the reigning monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the 15 other independent Commonwealth realms...
— The Prince Albert EdwardEdward VII of the United KingdomEdward VII was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions and Emperor of India from 22 January 1901 until his death in 1910...
, son of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom - Princess of WalesPrincess of WalesPrincess of Wales is a British courtesy title held by the wife of The Prince of Wales since the first "English" Prince of Wales in 1283.Although there have been considerably more than ten male heirs to the throne, there have been only ten Princesses of Wales. The majority of Princes of Wales...
— Alexandra of DenmarkAlexandra of DenmarkAlexandra of Denmark was the wife of Edward VII of the United Kingdom... - ArchdruidArchdruidThe Archdruid is the title used by the presiding official of the Gorsedd.The Archdruid presides over the most important ceremonies at the National Eisteddfod of Wales including the Crowning of the Bard, The Award of the Prose Medal and Chairing of the Bard. From 1932 only former winners of the...
of the National Eisteddfod of WalesNational Eisteddfod of WalesThe National Eisteddfod of Wales is the most important of several eisteddfodau that are held annually, mostly in Wales.- Organisation :...
— Hwfa MônRowland Williams (Hwfa Môn)Rev. Rowland Williams , commonly known by his bardic name of "Hwfa Môn", was a Welsh clergyman and poet, who served as Archdruid of the National Eisteddfod of Wales from 1895 to 1905.- Early Life and education:...
Events
- 3 January- Royal Yacht Victoria and AlbertHMY Victoria and Albert IIIHMY Victoria and Albert III a Royal Yacht of the Royal Navy of the United Kingdom. The yacht was designed by the Chief Constructor of the Royal Navy Sir William White. She was launched in 1899 but was not ready for service until 1901...
almost capsizes while being floated out of dry dockDry dockA drydock is a narrow basin or vessel that can be flooded to allow a load to be floated in, then drained to allow that load to come to rest on a dry platform...
at Pembroke DockPembroke DockPembroke Dock is a town in Pembrokeshire, south-west Wales, lying north of Pembroke on the River Cleddau. Originally a small fishing village known as Paterchurch, the town was greatly expanded from 1814 onwards following the construction of a Royal Naval Dockyard...
on completion of her construction. - 4 April — An anarchist shoots at the Prince of Wales during his visit to BelgiumBelgiumBelgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many...
for the birthday celebrations of the King of Belgium. - June — The Royal Welch FusiliersRoyal Welch FusiliersThe Royal Welch Fusiliers was an infantry regiment of the British Army, part of the Prince of Wales' Division. It was founded in 1689 to oppose James II and the imminent war with France...
form the largest contingent in the multinational coalition forces helping to relieve the siege of PekingBeijingBeijing , also known as Peking , is the capital of the People's Republic of China and one of the most populous cities in the world, with a population of 19,612,368 as of 2010. The city is the country's political, cultural, and educational center, and home to the headquarters for most of China's...
during the Boxer RebellionBoxer RebellionThe Boxer Rebellion, also called the Boxer Uprising by some historians or the Righteous Harmony Society Movement in northern China, was a proto-nationalist movement by the "Righteous Harmony Society" , or "Righteous Fists of Harmony" or "Society of Righteous and Harmonious Fists" , in China between...
. - 9 July — The Dowlais Iron CompanyDowlais IronworksThe Dowlais Ironworks was a major ironworks and steelworks located at Dowlais near Merthyr Tydfil, in Wales. Founded in the 18th century, it operated until the end of the 20th, at one time in the 19th century being the largest steel producer in the UK...
and Arthur KeenArthur KeenArthur Keen was a British entrepreneur, the Keen in engineering firm Guest, Keen and Nettlefolds, later GKN plc.-Early years:...
's Patent Nut and Bolt Company merged to form Guest, Keen & Co. LtdGKNGKN plc is a multinational automotive and aerospace components company headquartered in Redditch, United Kingdom. The company was formerly known as Guest, Keen and Nettlefolds and can trace its origins back to 1759 and the birth of the Industrial Revolution.GKN is listed on the London Stock...
. - 10 September — The German steamship, Stormarn, and the Gordon Castle collide in fog in Cardigan BayCardigan BayCardigan Bay is a large inlet of the Irish Sea, indenting the west coast of Wales between Bardsey Island, Gwynedd in the north, and Strumble Head, Pembrokeshire at its southern end. It is the largest bay in Wales....
with the loss of 20 lives. - 25 September — Beginning of the United Kingdom general electionUnited Kingdom general election, 1900-Seats summary:-See also:*MPs elected in the United Kingdom general election, 1900*The Parliamentary Franchise in the United Kingdom 1885-1918-External links:***-References:*F. W. S. Craig, British Electoral Facts: 1832-1987**...
, in which:- Keir HardieKeir HardieJames Keir Hardie, Sr. , was a Scottish socialist and labour leader, and was the first Independent Labour Member of Parliament elected to the Parliament of the United Kingdom...
is elected for Merthyr TydfilMerthyr Tydfil (UK Parliament constituency)Merthyr Tydfil was a parliamentary constituency centred on the town of Merthyr Tydfil in Glamorgan. From 1832 to 1868 it returned one Member of Parliament to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, and in 1868 this was increased to two members...
, one of the first LabourLabour Party (UK)The Labour Party is a centre-left democratic socialist party in the United Kingdom. It surpassed the Liberal Party in general elections during the early 1920s, forming minority governments under Ramsay MacDonald in 1924 and 1929-1931. The party was in a wartime coalition from 1940 to 1945, after...
MPs in Britain. - Frederick Rutherfoord HarrisFrederick Rutherfoord HarrisDoctor Frederick Rutherfoord Harris was a Conservative Party politician in the United Kingdom who served as a Member of Parliament between 1900 and 1906....
becomes ConservativeConservative Party (UK)The Conservative Party, formally the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom that adheres to the philosophies of conservatism and British unionism. It is the largest political party in the UK, and is currently the largest single party in the House...
MP for Monmouth BoroughsMonmouth Boroughs (UK Parliament constituency)Monmouth Boroughs was a parliamentary constituency consisting of several towns in Monmouthshire...
. - Francis EdwardsFrancis EdwardsSir Francis Edwards, 1st Baronet , commonly known as Frank Edwards, was a British Liberal Party politician....
regains RadnorshireRadnorshire (UK Parliament constituency)Radnorshire was created in 1542 as a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of England then of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1918...
for the Liberals. - George NewnesGeorge NewnesSir George Newnes, 1st Baronet was a publisher and editor in England.-Background and education:...
becomes MP for Swansea TownSwansea (UK Parliament constituency)Swansea was a borough constituency. It was represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom...
. - Edward James ReedEdward James ReedSir Edward James Reed , KCB, FRS, was a British naval architect, author, politician, and railroad magnate. He was the Chief Constructor of the Royal Navy from 1863 until 1870...
regains CardiffCardiff (UK Parliament constituency)Cardiff was a parliamentary constituency centred on the town of Cardiff in South Wales which returned one Member of Parliament to the House of Commons from 1542 until it was abolished for the 1918 general election.- MPs 1542-1645 :- MPs 1645–1832 :...
. - Sir Henry Morton StanleyHenry Morton StanleySir Henry Morton Stanley, GCB, born John Rowlands , was a Welsh journalist and explorer famous for his exploration of Africa and his search for David Livingstone. Upon finding Livingstone, Stanley allegedly uttered the now-famous greeting, "Dr...
retires from Parliament.
- Keir Hardie
- 7 November — The steamer City of Vienna sinks off SwanseaSwanseaSwansea is a coastal city and county in Wales. Swansea is in the historic county boundaries of Glamorgan. Situated on the sandy South West Wales coast, the county area includes the Gower Peninsula and the Lliw uplands...
with the loss of 20 crew members. There is one survivor. - 22 November — Beginning of the long-running Penrhyn QuarryPenrhyn QuarryThe Penrhyn Slate Quarry is a slate quarry located near Bethesda in north Wales. At the end of the nineteenth century it was the world's largest slate quarry; the main pit is nearly long and deep, and it was worked by nearly 3,000 quarrymen. It has since been superseded in size by slate quarries...
industrial dispute. - 28 December — The barqueBarqueA barque, barc, or bark is a type of sailing vessel with three or more masts.- History of the term :The word barque appears to have come from the Greek word baris, a term for an Egyptian boat. This entered Latin as barca, which gave rise to the Italian barca, Spanish barco, and the French barge and...
Primrose Hill is wrecked on South StackSouth StackSouth Stack is an island situated just off Holy Island on the North West coast of Anglesey. It is famous as the location of one of Wales' most spectacular lighthouses.-South Stack Lighthouse:...
off HolyheadHolyheadHolyhead is the largest town in the county of Anglesey in the North Wales. It is also a major port adjacent to the Irish Sea serving Ireland....
, with the loss of 33 lives. - The 'Long Bridge' at RiscaRiscaRisca is a town of approximately 11,500 people in South Wales, within the Caerphilly County Borough and the historic boundaries of Monmouthshire. It is today part of the Newport conurbation , though it is not a Ward of Newport City Council...
, formerly part of the Monmouthshire CanalMonmouthshire & Brecon CanalThe Monmouthshire and Brecon Canal is a small network of canals in South Wales. For most of its length it runs through the Brecon Beacons National Park, and its present rural character and tranquillity belies its original purpose as an industrial corridor for coal and iron, which were brought to...
, is demolished. - The Aberdare CanalAberdare CanalThe Aberdare Canal was a canal in Glamorganshire, Wales which ran from Aberdare to a junction with the Glamorganshire Canal at Abercynon. It opened in 1812, and served the iron and coal industries for nearly 65 years...
closes. - The United StatesUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
census figures show a Welsh immigrant population totalling 93,744, plus 173,416 children — an all-time high. - Beginning of the Taff Vale RailwayTaff Vale RailwayThe Taff Vale Railway is a railway in Glamorgan, South Wales, and is one of the oldest in Wales. It operated as an independent company from 1836 until 1922, when it became a constituent company of the Great Western Railway...
strike.
Awards
- National Eisteddfod of WalesNational Eisteddfod of WalesThe National Eisteddfod of Wales is the most important of several eisteddfodau that are held annually, mostly in Wales.- Organisation :...
— held in LiverpoolLiverpoolLiverpool is a city and metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England, along the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary. It was founded as a borough in 1207 and was granted city status in 1880...
- Chair — John Owen Williams
- Crown — John Thomas JobJohn Thomas JobJohn Thomas Job , was a Welsh minister, hymn-writer and poet.He was born at Llandybie in Carmarthenshire, and educated locally. He went on to Trefeca College to train as a Methodist minister. In 1894, he married Etta Davies, and they had three children...
New books
- Owen Morgan EdwardsOwen Morgan EdwardsOwen Morgan Edwards was a Welsh historian, educationalist and writer. He is often known as O. M. Edwards....
— Tro yn Llydaw - David Brynmor JonesDavid Brynmor JonesSir David Brynmor Jones was a British barrister, historian and Liberal Member of Parliament.David Brynmor Jones was born in 1851 in Swansea, the first of the six children of Revd. Thomas Jones, a Congregationalist minister, and Jane Jones. His younger siblings were Annie, John Viriamu Jones Sir...
& John RhysJohn RhysSir John Rhys was a Welsh scholar, fellow of the British Academy, celticist and the first Professor of Celtic at Oxford University.-Early years and education:...
— The Welsh People - Allen RaineAllen RaineAllen Raine was the pseudonym of the Welsh novelist Anne Adalisa Beynon Puddicombe .She was born Anne Adalisa Evans in Newcastle Emlyn, Carmarthenshire, the daughter of a lawyer Benjamin and Letitia Grace Evans...
— Garthowen - Ernest RhysErnest RhysErnest Percival Rhys was an English writer, best known for his role as founding editor of the Everyman's Library series of affordable classics. He wrote essays, stories, poetry, novels and plays...
— The Whistling Maid - Silyn RobertsSilyn RobertsRobert Silyn Roberts was a Welsh clergyman, writer, teacher and pacifist.Roberts, a Calvinistic Methodist minister, was a noted Welsh-language poet, the winner of the Crown at the 1902 National Eisteddfod of Wales...
& W. J. GruffyddWilliam John GruffyddProfessor William John Gruffydd was a Welsh academic, poet, writer, and politician.-Family and Education:...
-Telynegion - Bertrand RussellBertrand RussellBertrand Arthur William Russell, 3rd Earl Russell, OM, FRS was a British philosopher, logician, mathematician, historian, and social critic. At various points in his life he considered himself a liberal, a socialist, and a pacifist, but he also admitted that he had never been any of these things...
— A Critical Exposition of the Philosophy of Leibniz
Sport
- Rugby unionRugby unionRugby union, often simply referred to as rugby, is a full contact team sport which originated in England in the early 19th century. One of the two codes of rugby football, it is based on running with the ball in hand...
— Wales win the Triple CrownTriple Crown (Rugby Union)In rugby union, the Triple Crown is an honour contested annually by the four national teams of the British Isles who compete within the larger Six Nations Championship: England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales. If any one team manages to win all their games against the other three they win the...
. - Association footballFootball (soccer)Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a sport played between two teams of eleven players with a spherical ball...
— Wales lose 2–0 to Ireland in LlandudnoLlandudnoLlandudno is a seaside resort and town in Conwy County Borough, Wales. In the 2001 UK census it had a population of 20,090 including that of Penrhyn Bay and Penrhynside, which are within the Llandudno Community...
on 24 February.
Births
- 18 January — Idris JonesIdris Jones (rugby player)Walter Idris Jones CBE was a Welsh international rugby union player. He captained the Wales national rugby union team on one occasion in 1925. Jones played his club rugby for Llanelli RFC.-References:...
Wales rugby union international (died 1971) - 23 January — William Ifor JonesWilliam Ifor JonesWilliam Ifor Jones , was a Welsh conductor and organist. Born into a large coal-mining family and raised in Merthyr Tydfil, Jones studied at the Royal Academy of Music in London from 1920 to 1925. He studied the organ with at St. Paul's Cathedral, London; orchestral Conducting with Sir Henry Wood...
, conductor (died 1988) - 19 April — Richard HughesRichard Hughes (writer)Richard Arthur Warren Hughes OBE was a British writer of poems, short stories, novels and plays.He was born in Weybridge, Surrey. His father was a civil servant Arthur Hughes, and his mother Louisa Grace Warren who had been brought up in Jamaica...
, novelist (died 1976) - 2 June — David Wynne, composer (died 1983)
- 30 June — Idwal JonesJames Idwal JonesJames Idwal Jones was a British Labour Party politician.He was born in Rhosllannerchrugog, Wrexham, and educated at Ruabon Grammar School and Normal College, Bangor. He became a teacher in 1922 in Holt, but then moved to positions in Glyn Ceiriog and Penycae...
, politician (died 1982) - 27 August — Frank MoodyFrank MoodyFrank Moody was a Welsh boxer who fought between 1914 and 1936. He is most notable for winning the British and Empire middleweight boxing championship in 1927 and 1928 and the light-heavyweight title from 1927 to 1929....
, British boxing champion (died 1963) - 2 September — Bobby DelahayBobby DelahayWilliam James 'Bobby' Delahay was a Welsh international rugby union who played club rugby for Bridgend and Cardiff...
, Wales rugby union captain (died 1978) - 12 November — Thomas HollingdaleThomas HollingdaleThe Rev Thomas "Tom" Henry Hollingdale AKC , was a Church of England cleric and Wales international rugby player.-Rugby career:...
, Wales rugby union international (died 1978) - 28 November — Trevor Roberts, 2nd Baron ClwydTrevor Roberts, 2nd Baron ClwydJohn Trevor Roberts, 2nd Baron Clwyd of Abergele in the County of Denbigh , also Sir John Trevor Roberts, 2nd Baronet, was a Welsh peer. He was known as Trevor Roberts.-Background and early life:...
, lawyer (died 1987) - date unknown
- Eiluned LewisEiluned LewisEiluned Lewis was a Welsh novelist, poet and journalist.She was born in Newtown, Montgomeryshire in Wales. She was educated at Levana School, Wimbledon, and Westfield College London. She had a long period of work on the Sunday Times, becoming assistant editor...
, writer (died 1979) - David WilliamsDavid Williams (historian)David Williams was a Welsh historian.From 1945 until his retirement in 1967, Williams was Professor of Welsh History in the University of Wales. He is best known for his classic History of Modern Wales.-References:...
, historian (died 1978) - Horace WilliamsHorace WilliamsHorace F. Williams was a Welsh professional footballer. His clubs included New Brighton, Blackpool and Gillingham, for whom he made a total of over 70 Football League appearances.-External links:*, www.ihibs.co.uk...
, footballer (died 1960)
- Eiluned Lewis
Deaths
- 22 January — David E. HughesDavid E. HughesDavid Edward Hughes , was a British scientist and musician. Hughes was co-inventor of the microphone, a harpist and a professor of music.-Biography:...
, musician and professor of music, 68 - 22 March — Thomas Charles EdwardsThomas Charles EdwardsThomas Charles-Edwards was a Welsh minister, writer and academic who was the first Principal of the University College of Wales, Aberystwyth....
, Presbyterian leader, 62 - 10 May — Philip EllisPhilip EllisPhilip Constable Ellis was a Welsh Anglo-Catholic clergyman, and one of the earliest Tractarians in north Wales.Ellis studied at Beaumaris Grammar School and Jesus College, Oxford, where he matriculated at the age of 18 in 1840. He graduated in 1843 or 1844, coming under the influence of the...
, Tractarian, 77 - 14 June — Catherine GladstoneCatherine GladstoneCatherine Glynne Gladstone was the wife of British Prime Minister William Ewart Gladstone for 59 years, until his death in 1898.-Family:...
(née Glynne), wife of British Prime MinisterPrime ministerA prime minister is the most senior minister of cabinet in the executive branch of government in a parliamentary system. In many systems, the prime minister selects and may dismiss other members of the cabinet, and allocates posts to members within the government. In most systems, the prime...
, William Ewart GladstoneWilliam Ewart GladstoneWilliam Ewart Gladstone FRS FSS was a British Liberal statesman. In a career lasting over sixty years, he served as Prime Minister four separate times , more than any other person. Gladstone was also Britain's oldest Prime Minister, 84 years old when he resigned for the last time...
, 88 - 19 September — Anne BealeAnne BealeAnne Beale was a popular Welsh novelist and poet.She lived at Llandeilo in Carmarthenshire, but later moved to London, where she died at 68 Belsize Road, South Hampstead...
, novelist, 84 - 9 October — John Crichton-Stuart, 3rd Marquess of ButeJohn Crichton-Stuart, 3rd Marquess of ButeJohn Patrick Crichton-Stuart, 3rd Marquess of Bute KT, KSG, KGCHS was a landed aristocrat, industrial magnate, antiquarian, scholar, philanthropist and architectural patron.-Early life:...
, owner of Cardiff CastleCardiff CastleCardiff Castle is a medieval castle and Victorian architecture Gothic revival mansion, transformed from a Norman keep erected over a Roman fort in the Castle Quarter of Cardiff, the capital of Wales. The Castle is a Grade I Listed Building.-The Roman fort:...
and Castell CochCastell CochCastell Coch is a 19th-century Gothic Revival castle built on the remains of a genuine 13th-century fortification. It is situated on a steep hillside high above the village of Tongwynlais, to the north of Cardiff in Wales, and is a Grade I listed building as of 28 January 1963.Designed by William...
, 53 - date unknown
- William WilliamsWilliam Williams (veterinarian)William Williams FRSE PRCVS was a Welsh veterinary surgeon who served as principal of the Dick Veterinary College in Edinburgh and as president of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons . He was the founder and principal of the New Veterinary College, in Gayfield Square , Edinburgh...
, veterinary surgeon
- William Williams