47 (number)
Encyclopedia
47 is the natural number
Natural number
In mathematics, the natural numbers are the ordinary whole numbers used for counting and ordering . These purposes are related to the linguistic notions of cardinal and ordinal numbers, respectively...

 following 46
46 (number)
46 is the natural number following 45 and preceding 47.- In mathematics :Forty-six is a Wedderburn-Etherington number, an enneagonal number and a centered triangular number. It is the sum of the totient function for the first twelve integers. 46 is the largest even integer that can't be expressed...

 and preceding 48
48 (number)
48 is the natural number following 47 and preceding 49. It is one third of a gross or four dozens.- In mathematics :Forty-eight is a double factorial of 6, a highly composite number. Like all other multiples of 6, it is a semiperfect number. 48 is the second 17-gonal number.48 is in abundance...

.

In mathematics

Forty-seven is the fifteenth prime number, a safe prime
Safe prime
A safe prime is a prime number of the form 2p + 1, where p is also a prime. The first few safe primes are...

, the thirteenth supersingular prime
Supersingular prime (moonshine theory)
In the mathematical branch of moonshine theory, a supersingular prime is a certain type of prime number.Namely, a supersingular prime is a prime divisor of the order of the Monster group M, the largest of the sporadic simple groups...

, and the sixth Lucas prime. Forty-seven is a highly cototient number
Highly cototient number
In number theory, a branch of mathematics, a highly cototient number is a positive integer k which is above one and has more solutions to the equation...

. It is an Eisenstein prime
Eisenstein prime
In mathematics, an Eisenstein prime is an Eisenstein integerz = a + b\,\omega\qquadthat is irreducible in the ring-theoretic sense: its only Eisenstein divisors are the units , a + bω itself and its associates.The associates and the complex conjugate...

 with no imaginary part and real part of the form .

It is a Lucas number
Lucas number
The Lucas numbers are an integer sequence named after the mathematician François Édouard Anatole Lucas , who studied both that sequence and the closely related Fibonacci numbers...

.

It is also a Keith number, because it recurs in a Fibonacci
Fibonacci
Leonardo Pisano Bigollo also known as Leonardo of Pisa, Leonardo Pisano, Leonardo Bonacci, Leonardo Fibonacci, or, most commonly, simply Fibonacci, was an Italian mathematician, considered by some "the most talented western mathematician of the Middle Ages."Fibonacci is best known to the modern...

-like sequence that begins 2, 1, 3, 4, 7, 11, 18, 29, 47…. Notice that its digits appear as successive terms in the series.

Forty-seven is a strictly non-palindromic number
Strictly non-palindromic number
A strictly non-palindromic number is an integer n that is not palindromic in any numeral system with a base b in the range 2 ≤ b ≤ n − 2...

.

Its representation in binary being 00101111, 47 is a prime Thabit number
Thabit number
In number theory, a Thabit number, Thâbit ibn Kurrah number, or 321 number is an integer of the form 3·2n−1 for a non-negative integer n...

, and as such is related to the pair of amicable number
Amicable number
Amicable numbers are two different numbers so related that the sum of the proper divisors of each is equal to the other number. A pair of amicable numbers constitutes an aliquot sequence of period 2...

s {17296, 18416}.

Forty-seven is a Carol number. It is a real prime number.

Astronomy

  • Messier object
    Messier object
    The Messier objects are a set of astronomical objects first listed by French astronomer Charles Messier in 1771. The original motivation of the catalogue was that Messier was a comet hunter, and was frustrated by objects which resembled but were not comets...

     M47, a magnitude 4.5 open cluster
    Open cluster
    An open cluster is a group of up to a few thousand stars that were formed from the same giant molecular cloud and have roughly the same age. More than 1,100 open clusters have been discovered within the Milky Way Galaxy, and many more are thought to exist...

     in the constellation
    Constellation
    In modern astronomy, a constellation is an internationally defined area of the celestial sphere. These areas are grouped around asterisms, patterns formed by prominent stars within apparent proximity to one another on Earth's night sky....

     Puppis
    Puppis
    Puppis is a constellation in the southern sky. Its name is the Latin word for the poop deck of a ship, and Puppis represents the deck of the ship and its deckhouses...

  • The New General Catalogue
    New General Catalogue
    The New General Catalogue of Nebulae and Clusters of Stars is a well-known catalogue of deep sky objects in astronomy. It contains 7,840 objects, known as the NGC objects...

     object NGC 47
    NGC 47
    NGC 47 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus, discovered in 1886 by Ernst Wilhelm Leberecht Tempel. Its alternate name NGC 58 is due to the observation by Lewis Swift, who was unaware that Tempel had already discovered the object earlier...

    , a barred spiral galaxy
    Barred spiral galaxy
    A barred spiral galaxy is a spiral galaxy with a central bar-shaped structure composed of stars. Bars are found in approximately two-thirds of all spiral galaxies...

     in the constellation Cetus
    Cetus
    Cetus is a constellation. Its name refers to Cetus, a sea monster in Greek mythology, although it is often called 'the whale' today. Cetus is located in the region of the sky that contains other water-related constellations such as Aquarius, Pisces, and Eridanus.-Ecliptic:Although Cetus is not...

    . This object is also designated as NGC 58.
  • The Saros number of the solar eclipse
    Solar eclipse
    As seen from the Earth, a solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between the Sun and the Earth, and the Moon fully or partially blocks the Sun as viewed from a location on Earth. This can happen only during a new moon, when the Sun and the Moon are in conjunction as seen from Earth. At least...

     series which began in April of 1306 BC and ended in May of 26 BC. The duration of Saros series 47 was 1280.1 years, and it contained 72 solar eclipses.
  • The Saros number of the lunar eclipse
    Lunar eclipse
    A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes behind the Earth so that the Earth blocks the Sun's rays from striking the Moon. This can occur only when the Sun, Earth, and Moon are aligned exactly, or very closely so, with the Earth in the middle. Hence, a lunar eclipse can only occur the night of a...

     series which began in July of 1275 BC and ended in February AD 258. The duration of Saros series 47 was 1537.5 years, and it contained 86 lunar eclipses.

As an in-joke

Forty-seven has been the favorite number of Pomona College
Pomona College
Pomona College is a private, residential, liberal arts college in Claremont, California. Founded in 1887 in Pomona, California by a group of Congregationalists, the college moved to Claremont in 1889 to the site of a hotel, retaining its name. The school enrolls 1,548 students.The founding member...

, California
California
California is a state located on the West Coast of the United States. It is by far the most populous U.S. state, and the third-largest by land area...

, USA
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...

, since 1964. A mathematical proof
Mathematical proof
In mathematics, a proof is a convincing demonstration that some mathematical statement is necessarily true. Proofs are obtained from deductive reasoning, rather than from inductive or empirical arguments. That is, a proof must demonstrate that a statement is true in all cases, without a single...

, written in 1964 by Professor Donald Bentley, supposedly demonstrates that all numbers are equal to 47. However, Bentley offered it as a "joke proof" to further a popular student research project that listed real and imaginative "47 sightings". Bentley used the invalid proof to introduce his students to the concept of mathematical proofs.

Joe Menosky
Joe Menosky
Joe Menosky is a television writer known for his work on the various Star Trek series. Menosky joined the writing staff for Season 4 of Star Trek: The Next Generation, and also wrote for several episodes for Star Trek: Deep Space Nine and Star Trek: Voyager...

 graduated from Pomona College in 1979 and went on to become one of the story writers of Star Trek: The Next Generation
Star Trek: The Next Generation
Star Trek: The Next Generation is an American science fiction television series created by Gene Roddenberry as part of the Star Trek franchise. Roddenberry, Rick Berman, and Michael Piller served as executive producers at different times throughout the production...

. Menosky "infected" other Star Trek writers with an enthusiasm for the number 47. As a result, 47, its reverse 74, its multiples, or combinations of 47 occur surreptitiously in almost every episode of the program and its spin-offs Star Trek: Deep Space Nine
Star Trek: Deep Space Nine
Star Trek: Deep Space Nine is a science fiction television series set in the Star Trek universe...

, Star Trek: Voyager
Star Trek: Voyager
Star Trek: Voyager is a science fiction television series set in the Star Trek universe. Set in the 24th century from the year 2371 through 2378, the series follows the adventures of the Starfleet vessel USS Voyager, which becomes stranded in the Delta Quadrant 70,000 light-years from Earth while...

and Star Trek: Enterprise
Star Trek: Enterprise
Star Trek: Enterprise is a science fiction television series. It follows the adventures of humanity's first warp 5 starship, the Enterprise, ten years before the United Federation of Planets shown in previous Star Trek series was formed.Enterprise premiered on September 26, 2001...

. Forty-seven might be mentioned in dialogue or appear on a computer screen, for example:
  • In Star Trek: Generations
    Star Trek: Generations
    Star Trek Generations is a 1994 American science fiction film released by Paramount Pictures. Generations is the seventh feature film based on the Star Trek television series and the first film in the series to star the cast of the television series Star Trek: The Next Generation.Parts of the film...

    , Scotty manages to beam up only 47 El-Aurians before their ship is destroyed by the energy ribbon.
  • In the TNG episode "Darmok
    Darmok (TNG episode)
    "Darmok" is an episode of the science fiction television series Star Trek: The Next Generation. The episode has an average rating of 4.5/5 on the official Star Trek website .-Plot:...

    ," the computer of the Enterprise reports to have found 47 occurrences of the word "Darmok" in its database.
  • In the DS9 episode "Whispers," the planet Parada 4 has seven moons.
  • In the Voyager episode "Tattoo," we learn that the Emergency Medical Holographic Channel is 47.
  • In the Voyager episode "Non Sequitur," Harry Kim
    Harry Kim (Star Trek)
    Ensign Harry S. L. Kim, played by Garrett Wang, is a character in the television series Star Trek: Voyager. He serves as the USS Voyagers operations officer.-Depiction:...

     lives in apartment 4-G, G being the seventh letter of the alphabet. The intentionality of this reference to 47 was confirmed by Brannon Braga, the writer of that episode.
  • In the 2009 film Star Trek, the Enterprise
    USS Enterprise (NCC-1701)
    The USS Enterprise, NCC-1701, is a fictional starship in the Star Trek media franchise. The original Star Trek series depicts her crew's mission "to explore strange new worlds; to seek out new life and new civilizations; to boldly go where no man has gone before" under the command of Captain James...

    was built in Sector 47 of the Riverside Shipyards, and 47 Klingon ships are said to have been destroyed by Nero's ship, the Narada.


In pop culture

The 47 society is an outgrowth of the "movement" started at Pomona College
Pomona College
Pomona College is a private, residential, liberal arts college in Claremont, California. Founded in 1887 in Pomona, California by a group of Congregationalists, the college moved to Claremont in 1889 to the site of a hotel, retaining its name. The school enrolls 1,548 students.The founding member...

. They explore the belief that 47 occurs in nature more frequently than other numbers and share their personal sightings in consideration of 47 being "the quintessential random number".

The tale of the Forty-seven Ronin
Forty-seven Ronin
The revenge of the , also known as the Forty-seven Samurai, the Akō vendetta, or the took place in Japan at the start of the 18th century...

 is an historical Japanese story, based upon actual events that took place in year 1701 of the Western calendar. It is mentioned in John Frankenheimer's movie Ronin
Ronin (film)
Ronin is a 1998 action-thriller film directed by John Frankenheimer and written by J.D. Zeik and David Mamet. It stars Robert De Niro and Jean Reno as two of several former special forces and intelligence agents who team up to steal a mysterious, heavily guarded suitcase while navigating a maze of...

.

In the 2001 TV series Alias
Alias (TV series)
Alias is an American action television series created by J. J. Abrams which was broadcast on ABC for five seasons, from September 30, 2001 to May 22, 2006...

, the number 47 bears a specific significance concerning the Milo Rambaldi
Milo Rambaldi
Milo Giacomo Rambaldi is a fictional person from the American television series Alias. The work of Rambaldi, often centuries ahead of its time and tied to prophecy, plays a central role in the show.According to Alias creator J.J...

 mythology. Among other things, page 47 of the Rambaldi manuscript contains the prophecy regarding the Chosen one and the Passenger. The number also often appears in different places through the series, for example in keycodes, safe-deposit boxes, hotel rooms or the number of victims in different attacks or accidents. It also appears as the same way in the 2008 TV series Fringe
Fringe (TV series)
Fringe is an American science fiction television series created by J. J. Abrams, Alex Kurtzman and Roberto Orci. The series follows a Federal Bureau of Investigation "Fringe Division" team based in Boston, Massachusetts under the supervision of Homeland Security...

, which has the same creator as Alias.

The number 47 also appears in music. 47 is the number of miles of barbed wire walked by the singer of Bo Diddley's "Who Do You Love". In 1998, Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...

ese electronic
Electronic music
Electronic music is music that employs electronic musical instruments and electronic music technology in its production. In general a distinction can be made between sound produced using electromechanical means and that produced using electronic technology. Examples of electromechanical sound...

 musician
Musician
A musician is an artist who plays a musical instrument. It may or may not be the person's profession. Musicians can be classified by their roles in performing music and writing music.Also....* A person who makes music a profession....

 Takako Minekawa
Takako Minekawa
is a Japanese musician, composer and writer.-Background:As an accomplished all-around musician, Minekawa's musical skills set her firmly outside of the J-Pop "idol" tradition: she writes and composes most of her material, singing quirky lyrics about subjects such as clouds, cats, and the color...

 released the album Cloudy Cloud Calculator
Cloudy Cloud Calculator
Cloudy Cloud Calculator is a 1997 album by Takako Minekawa. It was released by Emperor Norton Records in the United States. It is Minekawa's fourth album...

, which featured a song
Song
In music, a song is a composition for voice or voices, performed by singing.A song may be accompanied by musical instruments, or it may be unaccompanied, as in the case of a cappella songs...

 about the number 47 entitled "Kangaroo Pocket Calculator". The song repeats, "47 is a magical number. 47 plus 2 equals 49. 47 times 2 equals 94. 49 and 94. 94 and 49. Relationship between 47 and 2… is magic" and eventually concludes, "Isn't it a coincidence?" Leslie Sarony
Leslie Sarony
Leslie Sarony was a British entertainer, singer and songwriter. Sarony was born in Surbiton, Surrey and died in London.He began his stage career aged 14 with the group Park Eton's Boys...

 published his song "Forty-Seven Ginger-Headed Sailors" in 1928. Forty-seven is the usual number strings of a pedal harp
Pedal harp
The pedal harp is a large and technically modern harp, designed primarily for classical music and played either solo, as part of chamber ensembles, as soloist with or as a section or member in an orchestra...

. 47 is a song by Sunny Day Real Estate
Sunny Day Real Estate
Sunny Day Real Estate is an American rock band from Seattle, Washington. In the 1990s, the group expanded upon the grunge style that was popular in the local scene to make a more melodic sound. While not the first band to be classified as emo, they were instrumental in establishing the genre. In...

. Object 47
Object 47
Object 47 is the eleventh studio album by the English post punk band Wire, named so because it is the 47th item in the Wire discography - a methodology harking back to the name of their 1979 album, 154, which was named after the number of concerts they had played to that point. It is the first Wire...

(named as the 47th release in the discography) is the name of an album release from Wire
Wire (band)
Wire are an English rock band, formed in London in October 1976 by Colin Newman , Graham Lewis , Bruce Gilbert , and Robert Gotobed...

.

In video games, the main character of the Hitman
Hitman
A hitman is a person hired to kill another person.- Hitmen in organized crime :Hitmen are largely linked to the world of organized crime. Hitmen are hired people who kill people for money. Notable examples include Murder, Inc., Mafia hitmen and Richard Kuklinski.- Other cases involving hitmen...

 series is known only by the name Agent 47. In Half-Life 2: Episode One
Half-Life 2: Episode One
Half-Life 2: Episode One is the first in a series of episodes that serve as the sequel for the 2004 first-person shooter video game Half-Life 2. It was developed by Valve Corporation and released on June 1, 2006. Originally called Half-Life 2: Aftermath, the game was later renamed to Episode One...

, the protagonist, Gordon Freeman, begins the game with 47 points of health. In Star Wars: KOTOR you can enlist a rogue assassin droid named HK-47.

In National Treasure: Book of Secrets, the President asks Ben Gates to let him know what is on "page 47" of "the presidents book of secrets", which contains the national secrets of the U.S. presidents.

47 appears on the top of the police van in the Nicolas Cage film, Snake Eyes
Snake Eyes (film)
Snake Eyes is a conspiracy thriller film directed by Brian De Palma, one featuring his trademark use of long tracking shots and split screens. It starred Nicolas Cage, Gary Sinise and Carla Gugino....

.

'47' is the fourth track on New Found Glory
New Found Glory
New Found Glory is an American rock band from Coral Springs, Florida. Formed in the summer of 1997, founding members were lead vocalist Jordan Pundik, guitarists Chad Gilbert and Steve Klein, bassist Ian Grushka and drummer Joe Marino...

's 2009 album, Not Without a Fight
Not Without a Fight
Not Without a Fight is the sixth studio album by American rock band New Found Glory. It was released on March 10, 2009 through independent label Epitaph Records. Produced by Blink-182 singer-bassist Mark Hoppus and recorded at his home based-OPRA Studios, the album was seen as a return to the bands...

. The song features the chorus: "I called you 46 times, and you answered on the 47th."

47 is the total numbers of balloons that a player can collect in Rareware's Nintendo 64 game Diddy Kong Racing.

The Wild, Wild West (The Escape Club song) is a song by The Escape Club from their similarly named debut album, Wild Wild West that begins with the verse "Forty seven dead beats living in the back street/north east west south all in the same house/sitting in a back room waiting for the big boom/I'm in a bedroom waiting for my baby".

Other appearances

Forty-seven is the number of Ray Garraty, the main character in The Long Walk
The Long Walk
The Long Walk is a novel by Stephen King published under the pseudonym Richard Bachman in 1979 as a paperback original. It was collected in 1985 in the hardcover omnibus The Bachman Books, and has seen several reprints since, as both paperback & hardback...

 by Stephen King
Stephen King
Stephen Edwin King is an American author of contemporary horror, suspense, science fiction and fantasy fiction. His books have sold more than 350 million copies and have been adapted into a number of feature films, television movies and comic books...

. In the animated web series Afterworld, the worldwide EMP re-occurs every 47 minutes. The number 47 appears on every bottle produced by Full Sail Brewery of Hood River, Oregon. This was representative of the number of employees at one time, and CEO Irene Firmat was apparently amused that it was 47, supposedly the most common random number. The brewery now has more employees, but the number remains on the bottles. In the Japanese Anime "Claymore", the main character, Clare, is the 47th claymore.

Other

  • Telephone dialing country code
    Telephone numbers in Norway
    Country Code: +47International Call Prefix: 00Trunk Prefix: none Since 1992, land-line and mobile telephone numbers in Norway consist of eight digits, without any area codes...

     for Norway
    Norway
    Norway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic unitary constitutional monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jan Mayen, and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard and Bouvet Island. Norway has a total area of and a population of about 4.9 million...

  • The AK-47
    AK-47
    The AK-47 is a selective-fire, gas-operated 7.62×39mm assault rifle, first developed in the Soviet Union by Mikhail Kalashnikov. It is officially known as Avtomat Kalashnikova . It is also known as a Kalashnikov, an "AK", or in Russian slang, Kalash.Design work on the AK-47 began in the last year...

    , also known as a Kalashnikov rifle, is one of the most widely-used military weapons in the world.
  • 47 is the number of the French department Lot-et-Garonne
    Lot-et-Garonne
    Lot-et-Garonne is a department in the southwest of France named after the Lot and Garonne rivers.-History:Lot-et-Garonne is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on March 4, 1790...

  • The Tropic of Cancer
    Tropic of Cancer
    The Tropic of Cancer, also referred to as the Northern tropic, is the circle of latitude on the Earth that marks the most northerly position at which the Sun may appear directly overhead at its zenith...

     and the Tropic of Capricorn
    Tropic of Capricorn
    The Tropic of Capricorn, or Southern tropic, marks the most southerly latitude on the Earth at which the Sun can be directly overhead. This event occurs at the December solstice, when the southern hemisphere is tilted towards the Sun to its maximum extent.Tropic of Capricorn is one of the five...

     are located 47 degrees apart.
  • The P-47 Thunderbolt
    P-47 Thunderbolt
    Republic Aviation's P-47 Thunderbolt, also known as the "Jug", was the largest, heaviest, and most expensive fighter aircraft in history to be powered by a single reciprocating engine. It was heavily armed with eight .50-caliber machine guns, four per wing. When fully loaded, the P-47 weighed up to...

    was a fighter plane in WWII

External links

The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.  The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
 
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