Abampere
Encyclopedia
The abampere also called the biot after Jean-Baptiste Biot
, is the basic electromagnetic
unit of electric current
in the emu-cgs system of units
(electromagnetic cgs). One abampere is equal to ten ampere
s in the SI system of units. An abampere of current in a circular path of one centimeter radius produces a magnetic field
of 2 π oersted
s at the center of the circle.
The emu-cgs (or "electromagnetic cgs") units are one of several systems of electromagnetic units within the centimetre gram second system of units
; others include esu-cgs, Gaussian units
, and Lorentz–Heaviside units. In these other systems, the abampere is not one of the units; the "statcoulomb
per second" or statampere is used instead.
The other units in this system related to the abampere are:
Jean-Baptiste Biot
Jean-Baptiste Biot was a French physicist, astronomer, and mathematician who established the reality of meteorites, made an early balloon flight, and studied the polarization of light.- Biography :...
, is the basic electromagnetic
Electromagnetism
Electromagnetism is one of the four fundamental interactions in nature. The other three are the strong interaction, the weak interaction and gravitation...
unit of electric current
Electric current
Electric current is a flow of electric charge through a medium.This charge is typically carried by moving electrons in a conductor such as wire...
in the emu-cgs system of units
Centimetre gram second system of units
The centimetre–gram–second system is a metric system of physical units based on centimetre as the unit of length, gram as a unit of mass, and second as a unit of time...
(electromagnetic cgs). One abampere is equal to ten ampere
Ampere
The ampere , often shortened to amp, is the SI unit of electric current and is one of the seven SI base units. It is named after André-Marie Ampère , French mathematician and physicist, considered the father of electrodynamics...
s in the SI system of units. An abampere of current in a circular path of one centimeter radius produces a magnetic field
Magnetic field
A magnetic field is a mathematical description of the magnetic influence of electric currents and magnetic materials. The magnetic field at any given point is specified by both a direction and a magnitude ; as such it is a vector field.Technically, a magnetic field is a pseudo vector;...
of 2 π oersted
Oersted
Oersted is the unit of magnetizing field in the CGS system of units.-Difference between cgs and SI systems:...
s at the center of the circle.
The emu-cgs (or "electromagnetic cgs") units are one of several systems of electromagnetic units within the centimetre gram second system of units
Centimetre gram second system of units
The centimetre–gram–second system is a metric system of physical units based on centimetre as the unit of length, gram as a unit of mass, and second as a unit of time...
; others include esu-cgs, Gaussian units
Gaussian units
Gaussian units comprise a metric system of physical units. This system is the most common of the several electromagnetic unit systems based on cgs units. It is also called the Gaussian unit system, Gaussian-cgs units, or often just cgs units...
, and Lorentz–Heaviside units. In these other systems, the abampere is not one of the units; the "statcoulomb
Statcoulomb
The statcoulomb or franklin or electrostatic unit of charge is the physical unit for electrical charge used in the centimetre-gram-second system of units and Gaussian units. It is a derived unit given by...
per second" or statampere is used instead.
The other units in this system related to the abampere are:
- abcoulombAbcoulombThe abcoulomb or electromagnetic unit of charge is the basic physical unit of electric charge in the cgs-emu system of units...
– the chargeElectric chargeElectric charge is a physical property of matter that causes it to experience a force when near other electrically charged matter. Electric charge comes in two types, called positive and negative. Two positively charged substances, or objects, experience a mutual repulsive force, as do two...
that passes in one second through any cross section of a conductor carrying a steady current of one abampere - abhenryAbhenryAbhenry is the centimeter-gram-second electromagnetic unit of inductance, equal to one billionth of a henry....
– the self-inductanceInductanceIn electromagnetism and electronics, inductance is the ability of an inductor to store energy in a magnetic field. Inductors generate an opposing voltage proportional to the rate of change in current in a circuit...
of a circuit or the mutual inductance of two circuits in which the variation of current at the rate of one abampere per second results in an induced electromotive force of one abvolt - abohmAbohmThe abohm is the basic unit of electrical resistance in the emu-cgs system of units . One abohm is equal to 10-9 ohms in the SI system of units; one abohm is a nanoohm....
– the resistanceElectrical resistanceThe electrical resistance of an electrical element is the opposition to the passage of an electric current through that element; the inverse quantity is electrical conductance, the ease at which an electric current passes. Electrical resistance shares some conceptual parallels with the mechanical...
of a conductor that, with a constant current of one abampere through it, maintains between its terminals a potential difference of one abvolt