Agham Kot
Encyclopedia
Agham Kot or is located in Hyderabad District, Sindh
, Pakistan
.
It is also known as Agham. The Lohánas. Agham, or Agham-kot, lies about thirty miles south-east from Hyderabad
, and though now almost forgotten, it was formerly a place of some consequence. Its position is not very easily identified, and the name is rarely introduced into the maps. In Lt. Burton’s it seems to be entered under the name of “Angoomanoo,” and in the Quartermaster-General’s map of 1850, under that of “Aghamama.”The Beg-Lar Náma says it is on the Rain. The Tuhfatu-l Kirám mentions it among the towns on the Sánkra. Capt. McMurdo says it is on the Lohána Daryá; but he strangely fixes its site at Kalákot, seven miles to the west of Thatta.
It is also called Agham Lohana
. In the Chach-nama, we find
frequent mention of a chief under that name, who was governor of
Brahmanabad in the time of Chach. Lohana
is the designation of
a powerful tribe, which at that period, under an apparent confusion
of terms, is said to have included both the Samma and Lakha clans.
It can merely mean that they were then in a position of comparative
subordination. Under all the vicissitudes the Lohanas have under-
gone, they still retain their credit, as well as their religion, and
constitute the most influential tribe in Sind, whether regarded as
merchants or officials. But, not confined within that narrow province, they have spread their ramifications beyond the western
borders of India, and are found dispersed throughout Afghanistan,
Buluchistan, and Arabia, exposed to inconveniences, insults, and
dangers of no ordinary kind, in pursuit of their darling object of
wealth, and final return to their native soil to enjoy the fruits of
their industry.
As the town of Agham is mentioned as early as the time of
Muhammad Bin Qasim, we may presume that it derived its name from
the Lohana chieftain above-mentioned, who was the contemporary
and opponent of Ohach.
when Shah Husain plundered Thatta, on the ground of extravagant
joy having been evinced by its inhabitants upon the death of his
father, Shah Beg; but this is evidently a mistake, and is adopted
merely to accommodate his false chronology.
It is being considered that the famous ruler of Iran Nadir Shah or some say it Madad Shah raided the great state of Agham Kot and then they came to end. But in Chach-nama it is clearly written that Maharaja Chach raided Agham Kot and married widow of Maharaja Agham Luhana and aghamano near gulab laghari district badin.also wataya faqir and his mother live in agham kot or madad ali pathan ne ag di thi.
Beg's death. The Tarldtan-nama states that it occurred in Sha'ban,
926 H., not far from Chanduka, said in the Tdrilch-i Stud (MS. p.
196) to be thirty kos west of Bhakkar, and that the accession of
Mirza Shah Husain was celebrated where Shah Bog died.
Ffrishta says he died in 930 n., but mentions no place.
Mir Ma'sum (MS. p. 154) says, he died after leaving Bhakkar, on
his way to Gujrat, in the same page Agham is the particular spot
implied and that the words Shahr-SJia'Mii (" month of Sha'ban ")
represent the date of his death, i.e. 9 928 ir. (1522 A.D.). That very
night, he adds, Shah Husain was proclaimed his successor, and,
three years afterwards, Shah Beg's coffin wan convoyed to Mecca,
where a lofty tomb was erected over it. He mentions (MS. p. 171)
that Shah Husain's succession took place at Nawrpur, though he has
previously led us to suppose it was Agham.
The Tdrtth-i Tdhthrt (MS. p. 49) says that his death took place in
924 n. "some say it occurred in Multan, some in Kandahar."
The Tuhfatu-l Kiram (MS. p. 42) states that he died at Agham on
the 23rd of Sha'ban, 928 ir. It is mentioned that work also, that
this month represents tho date of his death. Tho author gives satis-
factory reasons why the reports just quoted from tho Tdrikh-i Tdluri
must necessarily be both incorrect.
Under those conflicting evidences, we may rust JiBsurred that the
chronogram is correct, and that Shah Beg Arghun, the conqueror of
Sind, died at Agham, on the 23rd of the month Sha'bun, 928 A,II.
(18th July, 1522 A.D.)"
" was the ruler of Brahmanabad
. Further nothing is found about him in the history. Chach Of Alor battled Prince Agham and defeated him and became governor of Brahmanabad. Then he married widow of Prince Agham.
. The compiler of this article Arsalan Jabbar Abro also belongs to Village Jumo Khan Agham.
Sindh
Sindh historically referred to as Ba'ab-ul-Islam , is one of the four provinces of Pakistan and historically is home to the Sindhi people. It is also locally known as the "Mehran". Though Muslims form the largest religious group in Sindh, a good number of Christians, Zoroastrians and Hindus can...
, Pakistan
Pakistan
Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan...
.
It is also known as Agham. The Lohánas. Agham, or Agham-kot, lies about thirty miles south-east from Hyderabad
Hyderabad, Sindh
is the second largest city in the Sindh province of Pakistan. It is the seventh largest city in the country. The city was founded in 1768 by Mian Ghulam Shah Kalhoro upon the ruins of a Mauryan fishing village along the bank of the Indus known as Neroon Kot...
, and though now almost forgotten, it was formerly a place of some consequence. Its position is not very easily identified, and the name is rarely introduced into the maps. In Lt. Burton’s it seems to be entered under the name of “Angoomanoo,” and in the Quartermaster-General’s map of 1850, under that of “Aghamama.”The Beg-Lar Náma says it is on the Rain. The Tuhfatu-l Kirám mentions it among the towns on the Sánkra. Capt. McMurdo says it is on the Lohána Daryá; but he strangely fixes its site at Kalákot, seven miles to the west of Thatta.
History
Agham Lohana
Agham Lohana was a Buddhist Governor of Brahmanabad condemnatory under Hindu King of Alor, Rai Sahasi and was contemporary of Brahmin Raja, the Chach of Alor...
. In the Chach-nama, we find
frequent mention of a chief under that name, who was governor of
Brahmanabad in the time of Chach. Lohana
Lohana
The Lohana also referred to as Luvana are an Indian caste,largely classified as merchants and are categorized as Vaishya or Bania caste although their ancient history proves that they are Kshatriya of Suryavanshi descant, claiming their lineage from Lava, son of Rama...
is the designation of
a powerful tribe, which at that period, under an apparent confusion
of terms, is said to have included both the Samma and Lakha clans.
It can merely mean that they were then in a position of comparative
subordination. Under all the vicissitudes the Lohanas have under-
gone, they still retain their credit, as well as their religion, and
constitute the most influential tribe in Sind, whether regarded as
merchants or officials. But, not confined within that narrow province, they have spread their ramifications beyond the western
borders of India, and are found dispersed throughout Afghanistan,
Buluchistan, and Arabia, exposed to inconveniences, insults, and
dangers of no ordinary kind, in pursuit of their darling object of
wealth, and final return to their native soil to enjoy the fruits of
their industry.
As the town of Agham is mentioned as early as the time of
Muhammad Bin Qasim, we may presume that it derived its name from
the Lohana chieftain above-mentioned, who was the contemporary
and opponent of Ohach.
"The Downfall of Sindh."
The Tdrikh-i TdUri (p. 51) refers this chronogram to the periodwhen Shah Husain plundered Thatta, on the ground of extravagant
joy having been evinced by its inhabitants upon the death of his
father, Shah Beg; but this is evidently a mistake, and is adopted
merely to accommodate his false chronology.
It is being considered that the famous ruler of Iran Nadir Shah or some say it Madad Shah raided the great state of Agham Kot and then they came to end. But in Chach-nama it is clearly written that Maharaja Chach raided Agham Kot and married widow of Maharaja Agham Luhana and aghamano near gulab laghari district badin.also wataya faqir and his mother live in agham kot or madad ali pathan ne ag di thi.
The Death of Shah Beg Aryhun
Authorities differ greatly respecting the time and place of ShahBeg's death. The Tarldtan-nama states that it occurred in Sha'ban,
926 H., not far from Chanduka, said in the Tdrilch-i Stud (MS. p.
196) to be thirty kos west of Bhakkar, and that the accession of
Mirza Shah Husain was celebrated where Shah Bog died.
Ffrishta says he died in 930 n., but mentions no place.
Mir Ma'sum (MS. p. 154) says, he died after leaving Bhakkar, on
his way to Gujrat, in the same page Agham is the particular spot
implied and that the words Shahr-SJia'Mii (" month of Sha'ban ")
represent the date of his death, i.e. 9 928 ir. (1522 A.D.). That very
night, he adds, Shah Husain was proclaimed his successor, and,
three years afterwards, Shah Beg's coffin wan convoyed to Mecca,
where a lofty tomb was erected over it. He mentions (MS. p. 171)
that Shah Husain's succession took place at Nawrpur, though he has
previously led us to suppose it was Agham.
The Tdrtth-i Tdhthrt (MS. p. 49) says that his death took place in
924 n. "some say it occurred in Multan, some in Kandahar."
The Tuhfatu-l Kiram (MS. p. 42) states that he died at Agham on
the 23rd of Sha'ban, 928 ir. It is mentioned that work also, that
this month represents tho date of his death. Tho author gives satis-
factory reasons why the reports just quoted from tho Tdrikh-i Tdluri
must necessarily be both incorrect.
Under those conflicting evidences, we may rust JiBsurred that the
chronogram is correct, and that Shah Beg Arghun, the conqueror of
Sind, died at Agham, on the 23rd of the month Sha'bun, 928 A,II.
(18th July, 1522 A.D.)"
Prince Agham
"Prince AghamAgham Lohana
Agham Lohana was a Buddhist Governor of Brahmanabad condemnatory under Hindu King of Alor, Rai Sahasi and was contemporary of Brahmin Raja, the Chach of Alor...
" was the ruler of Brahmanabad
Mansura (Brahmanabad)
Mansura was the historic capital of the Arab empire in Sindh. The city now lies in Western Pakistan and is usually known as Brahmanabad in Sindh, situated about south-east of Shahdadpur railway station, and north-east of Hyderabad.-History:...
. Further nothing is found about him in the history. Chach Of Alor battled Prince Agham and defeated him and became governor of Brahmanabad. Then he married widow of Prince Agham.
Present Aghams
Nowadays Aghams, the followers of Maharaja Agham live at different places in Sindh. One of those places is Village Jumo Khan Agham, a small city located about 4 kilometers from RatoderoRatodero
Ratodero is the capital of Ratodero Taluka a sub-division of Larkana District in the Sindh province of Pakistan, it is located some 30 km away from the district capital Larkana .Indo-Pak partition, the city has a special reputation for its sweet products. The most special is known as Mawa and...
. The compiler of this article Arsalan Jabbar Abro also belongs to Village Jumo Khan Agham.