Albert, 4th duc de Broglie
Encyclopedia
Jacques-Victor-Albert, 4th duc de Broglie (13 June 1821 – 19 January 1901) was a French monarchist politician.
, a liberal statesman of the July Monarchy
, and Albertine, baroness Staël von Holstein
, the fourth child of Madame de Staël. On 18 June 1845, he married Pauline de Galard de Brassac de Béarn (1825–1860). They had the following children:
He died in Paris on 19 January 1901, aged 79.
and Rome, the revolution of 1848 caused Albert de Broglie to withdraw from public life and devote himself to literature. He had already published a translation of the religious system of Leibniz
(1846). He now at once made his mark by his contributions to the Revue des deux mondes
and the Orleanist
and clerical organ . These, and other contributions, brought him the succession to Lacordaire
's seat in the Académie française
in 1862, joining his father in this august society.
In 1870 he succeeded his father as 4th duc de Broglie, having previously been known as prince de Broglie. In the following year he was elected to the National Assembly
for the département of the Eure
, and a few days later (on 19 February) was appointed ambassador in London.
In March 1872, however, in consequence of criticisms of his negotiations concerning the commercial treaties between Britain and France, he resigned his post and took his seat in the Assembly, where he became the leading spirit of the monarchical campaign against President Thiers
.
On the replacement of the latter by Marshal Mac-Mahon, the duc de Broglie became President of the Council and Minister for Foreign Affairs (May 1873), but in the reconstruction of the ministry on 26 November, after the passing of the septennate, transferred himself to become the Minister of the Interior
. His tenure of office was marked by an extreme conservatism, which roused the bitter hatred of the Republicans
, while he alienated the Legitimist party by his friendly relations with the Bonapartists
, and the Bonapartists by an attempt to effect a compromise between the rival claimants to the monarchy.
The result was the fall of the cabinet on 16 May 1874. Three years later (on 16 May 1877) he was entrusted with the formation of a new cabinet, with the object of appealing to the country and securing a new chamber more favorable to the reactionaries than its predecessor had been. The result, however, was a decisive Republican majority. The duc de Broglie was defeated in his own district, and resigned office on 20 November. Defeated in 1885, he abandoned politics and reverted to his historical work, publishing a series of historical studies and biographies.
Biography
Albert de Broglie was born in Paris, France, the third child and eldest son of Victor, 3rd duc de BroglieVictor, 3rd duc de Broglie
Achille-Léonce-Victor-Charles, 3rd duc de Broglie, called Victor de Broglie was a French statesman and diplomat. He was twice President of the Council during the July Monarchy, from August 1830 to November 1830 and from March 1835 to February 1836...
, a liberal statesman of the July Monarchy
July Monarchy
The July Monarchy , officially the Kingdom of France , was a period of liberal constitutional monarchy in France under King Louis-Philippe starting with the July Revolution of 1830 and ending with the Revolution of 1848...
, and Albertine, baroness Staël von Holstein
Albertine, baroness Staël von Holstein
Hedvig Gustava Albertina, Baroness de Staël-Holstein or simply Albertine , was the daughter of Erik Magnus Staël von Holstein and Madame de Staël, the granddaughter of Jacques Necker and Suzanne Curchod, wife to Victor, 3rd duc de Broglie, and mother to Albert, a French monarchist politician...
, the fourth child of Madame de Staël. On 18 June 1845, he married Pauline de Galard de Brassac de Béarn (1825–1860). They had the following children:
- Louis-Alphonse-Victor, 5th duc de BroglieVictor, 5th duc de BroglieLouis-Alphonse-Victor, 5th duc de Broglie, called Victor de Broglie was a French aristocrat.-Biography:...
(1846 – 1906) father of the scientist brothers including the Nobel Laureate. - Maurice (1848 – 1862)
- Henri-AmédéeHenri Amédée de BroglieHenri Amédée de Broglie, Prince de Broglie .He was born in Paris, the son of Jacques Victor Albert de Broglie, Duc de Broglie and his wife Pauline de Galard de Brassac de Béarn....
(1849 – 1917) - François-Marie-Albert (1851 – 1939) great-grandfather of the present duc, Victor-François, 8th duc de BroglieVictor-François, 8th duc de BroglieVictor-François Marie Léon, 8th duc de Broglie , is a French aristocrat and current holder of the title duc de Broglie.The duc was born in Paris France, the eldest son of Prince Jean de Broglie . He acceded to the ducal title on the death without heir of his distant cousin, physicist and Nobel...
(b. 1949). - César-Paul-Emmanuel (1854 – 1926)
He died in Paris on 19 January 1901, aged 79.
Career
After a brief diplomatic career at MadridMadrid
Madrid is the capital and largest city of Spain. The population of the city is roughly 3.3 million and the entire population of the Madrid metropolitan area is calculated to be 6.271 million. It is the third largest city in the European Union, after London and Berlin, and its metropolitan...
and Rome, the revolution of 1848 caused Albert de Broglie to withdraw from public life and devote himself to literature. He had already published a translation of the religious system of Leibniz
Gottfried Leibniz
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz was a German philosopher and mathematician. He wrote in different languages, primarily in Latin , French and German ....
(1846). He now at once made his mark by his contributions to the Revue des deux mondes
Revue des deux mondes
The Revue des deux Mondes is a French language monthly literary and cultural affairs magazine that has been published in Paris since 1829....
and the Orleanist
Orléanist
The Orléanists were a French right-wing/center-right party which arose out of the French Revolution. It governed France 1830-1848 in the "July Monarchy" of king Louis Philippe. It is generally seen as a transitional period dominated by the bourgeoisie and the conservative Orleanist doctrine in...
and clerical organ . These, and other contributions, brought him the succession to Lacordaire
Jean-Baptiste Henri Lacordaire
Jean-Baptiste Henri-Dominique Lacordaire , often styled Henri-Dominique Lacordaire, was a French ecclesiastic, preacher, journalist and political activist...
's seat in the Académie française
Académie française
L'Académie française , also called the French Academy, is the pre-eminent French learned body on matters pertaining to the French language. The Académie was officially established in 1635 by Cardinal Richelieu, the chief minister to King Louis XIII. Suppressed in 1793 during the French Revolution,...
in 1862, joining his father in this august society.
In 1870 he succeeded his father as 4th duc de Broglie, having previously been known as prince de Broglie. In the following year he was elected to the National Assembly
French National Assembly
The French National Assembly is the lower house of the bicameral Parliament of France under the Fifth Republic. The upper house is the Senate ....
for the département of the Eure
Eure
Eure is a department in the north of France named after the river Eure.- History :Eure is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790...
, and a few days later (on 19 February) was appointed ambassador in London.
In March 1872, however, in consequence of criticisms of his negotiations concerning the commercial treaties between Britain and France, he resigned his post and took his seat in the Assembly, where he became the leading spirit of the monarchical campaign against President Thiers
Adolphe Thiers
Marie Joseph Louis Adolphe Thiers was a French politician and historian. was a prime minister under King Louis-Philippe of France. Following the overthrow of the Second Empire he again came to prominence as the French leader who suppressed the revolutionary Paris Commune of 1871...
.
On the replacement of the latter by Marshal Mac-Mahon, the duc de Broglie became President of the Council and Minister for Foreign Affairs (May 1873), but in the reconstruction of the ministry on 26 November, after the passing of the septennate, transferred himself to become the Minister of the Interior
Minister of the Interior (France)
The Minister of the Interior in France is one of the most important governmental cabinet positions, responsible for the following:* The general interior security of the country, with respect to criminal acts or natural catastrophes...
. His tenure of office was marked by an extreme conservatism, which roused the bitter hatred of the Republicans
Republicanism
Republicanism is the ideology of governing a nation as a republic, where the head of state is appointed by means other than heredity, often elections. The exact meaning of republicanism varies depending on the cultural and historical context...
, while he alienated the Legitimist party by his friendly relations with the Bonapartists
Bonapartism
Bonapartism is often defined as a political expression in the vocabulary of Marxism and Leninism, deriving from the career of Napoleon Bonaparte. Karl Marx was a student of Jacobinism and the French Revolution as well as a contemporary critic of the Second Republic and Second Empire...
, and the Bonapartists by an attempt to effect a compromise between the rival claimants to the monarchy.
The result was the fall of the cabinet on 16 May 1874. Three years later (on 16 May 1877) he was entrusted with the formation of a new cabinet, with the object of appealing to the country and securing a new chamber more favorable to the reactionaries than its predecessor had been. The result, however, was a decisive Republican majority. The duc de Broglie was defeated in his own district, and resigned office on 20 November. Defeated in 1885, he abandoned politics and reverted to his historical work, publishing a series of historical studies and biographies.
1st Ministry (25 May – 26 November 1873)
- Duc de Broglie – President of the Council and Minister of Foreign Affairs
- François Claude du BarailFrançois Claude du BarailFrançois Claude comte du Barail was a major general, and French Minister of War under the presidency of Marshal MacMahon.-Biography :...
– Minister of War - Charles Beulé – Minister of the Interior
- Pierre MagnePierre MagnePierre Magne was a French professional road bicycle racer. Magne won one stage in the 1928 Tour de France, and finished 6th in the 1930 Tour de France. Pierre Magne was the younger brother of Tour de France winner Antonin Magne.- Palmarès :1927...
– Minister of Finance - Jean Ernoul – Minister of Justice
- Charles Dompierre d'Hormoy – Minister of Marine and Colonies
- Anselme de Batbie – Minister of Public Instruction, Fine Arts, and Worship
- Alfred Deseilligny – Minister of Public Works
- Joseph de la Bouillerie – Minister of Agriculture and Commerce
2nd Ministry (26 November 1873 – 22 May 1874)
- Duc de Broglie – President of the Council and Minister of the Interior
- Louis DecazesLouis, duc DecazesLouis-Charles-Élie-Amanien Decazes de Glücksbierg, 2nd Duc de Decazes and 2nd Hertig af Glücksbierg, was a French statesman.-Biography:...
– Minister of Foreign Affairs - François Claude du Barail – Minister of War
- Pierre Magne – Minister of Finance
- Octave Depeyre – Minister of Justice
- Charles Dompierre d'Hormoy – Minister of Marine and Colonies
- Oscar Bardi de Fourtou – Minister of Public Instruction, Fine Arts, and Worship
- Charles de Larcy – Minister of Public Works
- Alfred Deseilligny – Minister of Agriculture and Commerce
3rd Ministry (17 May – 23 November 1877)
- Duc de Broglie – President of the Council and Minister of Justice
- Louis Decazes – Minister of Foreign Affairs
- Jean Auguste Berthaud – Minister of War
- Oscar Bardi de Fourtou – Minister of the Interior
- Eugène Caillaux – Minister of Finance
- Albert Gicquel des Touches – Minister of Marine and Colonies
- Joseph BrunetJoseph BrunetJoseph Brunet was a politician and businessman. He was elected to the Canadian House of Commons as a Member of the Liberal Party in the 1902 election to represent the riding of St. James. His election was declared void on December 22, 1902...
– Minister of Public Instruction, Fine Arts, and Worship - Auguste Pâris – Minister of Public Works
- Vicomte de Meaux – Minister of Agriculture and Commerce
as Editor
- The Souvenirs of his father (1886, etc.)
- The Mémoires de Talleyrand (1891, etc.)
- Letters of the Duchess Albertine de Broglie (1896)
as Author
- (1878)
- Frédéric II et Marie Thérèse (1883)
- Frédéric II et Louis XV (1885)
- Marie Thérèse Impératrice (1888)
- Le Père Lacordaire (1889)
- Maurice de Saxe et le marquis d'Argenson (1891)
- La Paix d'Aix-la-Chapelle (1892)
- L'Alliance autrichienne (1895)
- La Mission de M. de Gontaut-Biron à Berlin (1896)
- Voltaire avant et pendant la Guerre de Sept Ans (1898)
- Saint Ambroise (trans., Margaret Maitland in the series, The Saints) (1899)