Prince Anatoly Pavlovich Lieven, , (1872, Saint Petersburg

Saint Petersburg

Saint Petersburg is a city and a federal subject of Russia located on the Neva River at the head of the Gulf of Finland on the Baltic Sea...

 – 1937) was a Baltic German

Baltic German

The Baltic Germans were mostly ethnically German inhabitants of the eastern shore of the Baltic Sea, which today form the countries of Estonia and Latvia. The Baltic German population never made up more than 10% of the total. They formed the social, commercial, political and cultural élite in...

 prince of the Lieven

Lieven

The Lievens are one of the oldest and noblest families of Baltic Germans. They claim descent from Caupo of Turaida , the Livonian quasi rex who converted to Christianity in 1186, when Bishop Meinhard attempted to Christianize the region...

 family who commanded a counter-revolutionary White movement

White movement

The White movement and its military arm the White Army - known as the White Guard or the Whites - was a loose confederation of Anti-Communist forces.The movement comprised one of the politico-military Russian forces who fought...

 during the Russian Civil War

Russian Civil War

The Russian Civil War was a multi-party war that occurred within the former Russian Empire after the Russian provisional government collapsed to the Soviets, under the domination of the Bolshevik party. Soviet forces first assumed power in Petrograd The Russian Civil War (1917–1923) was a...

 in Latvia

Latvia

Latvia , officially the Republic of Latvia , is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by Estonia , to the south by Lithuania , to the east by the Russian Federation , to the southeast by Belarus and shares maritime borders to the west with Sweden...

 known after him as the Liventsy .

Lieven developed tensions with general Pavel Bermondt-Avalov when the former forbade his men to fight the Estonian Army in Vidzeme

Vidzeme

Vidzeme is one of the historical and cultural regions of Latvia. Literally meaning "the Middle Land" it is situated in north-central Latvia north of the Daugava River...

, unlike the rest of the Baltische Landeswehr

Baltische Landeswehr

Baltische Landeswehr was the name of the unified armed forces of the Couronian and Livonian nobility from 7 December 1918 to 3 July 1919.- Command structure :...

. His detachment only performed rear security duties for the Landeswehr during the campaign.

After the civil war Lieven became a Latvian citizen and a manufacturer of bricks. He was active in the anticommunist movement and led a detachment of the Brotherhood of Russian Truth

Brotherhood of Russian Truth

The Brotherhood of Russian Truth was a Russian patriotic organization established by Pyotr Krasnov and other former members of the White movement, including Prince Anatoly Lieven, to overthrowBolshevism in Soviet Russia. The term "Russian Truth" is the word used to describe the Russian code of...

.