Andrew Rollo, 5th Lord Rollo
Encyclopedia
Andrew Rollo, 5th Lord Rollo, (November 18, 1703 - Leicester
, June 20, 1765) was a Scottish army commander in Canada
and Dominica
during the Seven Years' War
, who led the British land forces in the capture of Dominica
on June 6, 1761.
Lord Rollo
, of Duncrub in the County of Perth, is a Lordship of Parliament in the Peerage of Scotland
. Andrew Rollo was the 5th Lord Rollo, son of Robert Rollo, 4th Lord Rollo (c. 1680-1758) and Mary Rollo.
He married on April 24, 1727, with Catherine Murray (died July 28, 1763) and had 2 children
He remarried on February 16, 1765, with Elizabeth Moray and died 4 months later.
During the War of the Austrian Succession
he fought for the British at the Battle of Dettingen
in 1743, and by 1758 he commanded the British 22nd Regiment of Foot
.
, which resulted in the capture of Prince Edward Island
in 1758 and deportation of the French Acadians there. A bay on the island is still named after him. In 1760 he was raised to the rank of brigadier general.
On 3 May 1761 he sailed with his regiment from New York to the West Indies where he commanded the land forces at the attack on the French settlement of Roseau
on 6 June, which he took with a force of only 2,500 men. After the capture he was made Commander-in-Chief of Dominica
before the island was definitely ceded to Britain by the terms of the Treaty of Paris
in 1763. During this period he took a prominent part in the British capture of Martinique
and in the British expedition against Cuba
in 1762. However, his health was severely affected by the climate, and he returned to England in 1762, dying at Leicester in 1765.
As his only son had died before him, he was succeeded by his brother John Rollo.
On Dominica, his name was given to Rollo's Head which had been called Pointe Ronde by the French, but the French name is still more commonly used today. His name was also given to Rollo Street in what was to be the British capital of Dominica at Portsmouth
, and this street name still survives.
Leicester
Leicester is a city and unitary authority in the East Midlands of England, and the county town of Leicestershire. The city lies on the River Soar and at the edge of the National Forest...
, June 20, 1765) was a Scottish army commander in Canada
Canada
Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
and Dominica
Dominica
Dominica , officially the Commonwealth of Dominica, is an island nation in the Lesser Antilles region of the Caribbean Sea, south-southeast of Guadeloupe and northwest of Martinique. Its size is and the highest point in the country is Morne Diablotins, which has an elevation of . The Commonwealth...
during the Seven Years' War
Seven Years' War
The Seven Years' War was a global military war between 1756 and 1763, involving most of the great powers of the time and affecting Europe, North America, Central America, the West African coast, India, and the Philippines...
, who led the British land forces in the capture of Dominica
British expedition against Dominica
The British expedition against Dominica was a military action in June 1761, as part of the Seven Years' War.- Prelude :By the end of 1760, the conquest of Canada was completed and a great number of British troops were left idle in North America....
on June 6, 1761.
Lord Rollo
Lord Rollo
Lord Rollo, of Duncrub in the County of Perth, is a title in the Peerage of Scotland. It was created in 1651 for Sir Andrew Rollo. His great-great-grandson, the fifth Lord, was a Brigadier-General in the Army and fought in North America during the Seven Years' War. He died without surviving male...
, of Duncrub in the County of Perth, is a Lordship of Parliament in the Peerage of Scotland
Peerage of Scotland
The Peerage of Scotland is the division of the British Peerage for those peers created in the Kingdom of Scotland before 1707. With that year's Act of Union, the Kingdom of Scotland and the Kingdom of England were combined into the Kingdom of Great Britain, and a new Peerage of Great Britain was...
. Andrew Rollo was the 5th Lord Rollo, son of Robert Rollo, 4th Lord Rollo (c. 1680-1758) and Mary Rollo.
He married on April 24, 1727, with Catherine Murray (died July 28, 1763) and had 2 children
- Anna Rollo (1729–1746)
- John Rollo (1736–1762)
He remarried on February 16, 1765, with Elizabeth Moray and died 4 months later.
During the War of the Austrian Succession
War of the Austrian Succession
The War of the Austrian Succession – including King George's War in North America, the Anglo-Spanish War of Jenkins' Ear, and two of the three Silesian wars – involved most of the powers of Europe over the question of Maria Theresa's succession to the realms of the House of Habsburg.The...
he fought for the British at the Battle of Dettingen
Battle of Dettingen
The Battle of Dettingen took place on 27 June 1743 at Dettingen in Bavaria during the War of the Austrian Succession. It was the last time that a British monarch personally led his troops into battle...
in 1743, and by 1758 he commanded the British 22nd Regiment of Foot
Cheshire Regiment
The Cheshire Regiment was an infantry regiment of the British Army, part of the Prince of Wales' Division.The regiment was created in 1881 as part of the Childers reforms by the linking of the 22nd Regiment of Foot and the militia and rifle volunteers of Cheshire...
.
Seven Years' War
During the Seven Years' War, he was fighting since 1757 for the British in the Americas . He saw action in New York, Cape Breton Island, Sorel and Montreal. He led the Île Saint-Jean CampaignIle Saint-Jean Campaign
The Ile Saint-Jean Campaign was a series of military operations in fall 1758, during the French and Indian War, to deport the Acadians that either lived on Ile Saint-Jean or had taken refuge there from earlier deportation operations...
, which resulted in the capture of Prince Edward Island
Prince Edward Island
Prince Edward Island is a Canadian province consisting of an island of the same name, as well as other islands. The maritime province is the smallest in the nation in both land area and population...
in 1758 and deportation of the French Acadians there. A bay on the island is still named after him. In 1760 he was raised to the rank of brigadier general.
On 3 May 1761 he sailed with his regiment from New York to the West Indies where he commanded the land forces at the attack on the French settlement of Roseau
Roseau
-Architecture:The central district of Roseau is tightly packed with small and large houses and even larger modern concrete structures. There is little green or open space situated within the city, and this is even more so today, as many of the courtyards which was once commonplace within the city...
on 6 June, which he took with a force of only 2,500 men. After the capture he was made Commander-in-Chief of Dominica
Dominica
Dominica , officially the Commonwealth of Dominica, is an island nation in the Lesser Antilles region of the Caribbean Sea, south-southeast of Guadeloupe and northwest of Martinique. Its size is and the highest point in the country is Morne Diablotins, which has an elevation of . The Commonwealth...
before the island was definitely ceded to Britain by the terms of the Treaty of Paris
Treaty of Paris (1763)
The Treaty of Paris, often called the Peace of Paris, or the Treaty of 1763, was signed on 10 February 1763, by the kingdoms of Great Britain, France and Spain, with Portugal in agreement. It ended the French and Indian War/Seven Years' War...
in 1763. During this period he took a prominent part in the British capture of Martinique
British expedition against Martinique
The British expedition against Martinique was a military action from January to February 1762, as part of the Seven Years' War.- Prelude :...
and in the British expedition against Cuba
British expedition against Cuba
The Battle of Havana was a military action from March to August 1762, as part of the Seven Years' War. British forces besieged and captured the city of Havana, which at the time was an important Spanish naval base in the Caribbean, and dealt a serious blow to the Spanish navy...
in 1762. However, his health was severely affected by the climate, and he returned to England in 1762, dying at Leicester in 1765.
As his only son had died before him, he was succeeded by his brother John Rollo.
On Dominica, his name was given to Rollo's Head which had been called Pointe Ronde by the French, but the French name is still more commonly used today. His name was also given to Rollo Street in what was to be the British capital of Dominica at Portsmouth
Portsmouth, Dominica
Portsmouth is the second largest town in Dominica, with 2,977 inhabitants. It lies on the Indian River on Dominica's northwest coast, in Saint John Parish. Cabrits National Park is located on a peninsula to the north of town. Portsmouth has its own sea port in Prince Rupert Bay.Portsmouth was...
, and this street name still survives.