Andrija Dudic
Encyclopedia
Andreas Dudith also András Dudith de Horahovicza; * February 5, 1533 in Buda
† February 22, 1589 in Wrocław), was a Hungarian nobleman of Croatian
origin, humanist and diplomat in the Kingdom of Hungary
.
Dudić was born in Buda
, capital city of the Kingdom of Hungary
to a Hungarian noble family with Croatia
n origin. He studied in Wrocław, Italy
, Vienna
, Brussels
and Paris
.
In 1560 king Ferdinand I
appointed him the bishop of Knin, Croatia
. He then participated in the Council of Trent
(1545–1563) where, in compliance with the wish of Ferdinand, he urged that the cup be given to the laity. Being appointed bishop of Pécs
, Dudith went to Poland
in 1565 as ambassador of Maximilian
, where he married, and resigned his see, becoming an adherent of Protestantism
. In Poland he began to sympathize with Socinian Anti-trinitarianism (the so-called Ecclesia Minor). Although he never declared himself officially a Unitarian
, some researchers label him as one of the Anti-trinitarian thinkers.
After the election of Stephen Báthory as king of Poland, Dudić left Kraków
and went to Wrocław and later to Moravia
, where he supported the Bohemian Brothers.
Dudith maintained correspondence with famous Anti-trinitarians such as Giorgio Blandrata, Jacob Paleologus and Fausto Sozzini. Mihály Balázs, an expert on Central-European Anti-trinitarianism, affirms that Paleologus in Kraków lived in Dudić's house and departed from here to Transylvania
. The theories of Blandrata, Sozzini and Ferenc Dávid had a great influence on him; nevertheless he always remained an Erasmian humanist, who condemned religious intolerance whether it came from Protestants or Catholics.
He died in 1589 in Wrocław and was buried in the Saint-Elizabeth Lutheran Church.
Costil, Pierre (1935), André Dudith Humaniste Hongrois 1533-1589: Sa Vie, son Oeuvre et ses Manuscrits Grecs, Paris: Société D'édition “Les Belles Lettres.”
Gillet, J.F.A. (1860-61), Crato von Crafftheim und seine Freunde, 2 vols. Frankfurt: H.L.Brönner.
Jedin, Hebert (1912-), “André Dudith,” in Dictionnaire d’histoire et de géographie ecclésiastiques, Paris, vol. 14, 988-990.
Buda
For detailed information see: History of Buda CastleBuda is the western part of the Hungarian capital Budapest on the west bank of the Danube. The name Buda takes its name from the name of Bleda the Hun ruler, whose name is also Buda in Hungarian.Buda comprises about one-third of Budapest's...
† February 22, 1589 in Wrocław), was a Hungarian nobleman of Croatian
Croats
Croats are a South Slavic ethnic group mostly living in Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and nearby countries. There are around 4 million Croats living inside Croatia and up to 4.5 million throughout the rest of the world. Responding to political, social and economic pressure, many Croats have...
origin, humanist and diplomat in the Kingdom of Hungary
Kingdom of Hungary
The Kingdom of Hungary comprised present-day Hungary, Slovakia and Croatia , Transylvania , Carpatho Ruthenia , Vojvodina , Burgenland , and other smaller territories surrounding present-day Hungary's borders...
.
Dudić was born in Buda
Buda
For detailed information see: History of Buda CastleBuda is the western part of the Hungarian capital Budapest on the west bank of the Danube. The name Buda takes its name from the name of Bleda the Hun ruler, whose name is also Buda in Hungarian.Buda comprises about one-third of Budapest's...
, capital city of the Kingdom of Hungary
Hungary
Hungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...
to a Hungarian noble family with Croatia
Croatia
Croatia , officially the Republic of Croatia , is a unitary democratic parliamentary republic in Europe at the crossroads of the Mitteleuropa, the Balkans, and the Mediterranean. Its capital and largest city is Zagreb. The country is divided into 20 counties and the city of Zagreb. Croatia covers ...
n origin. He studied in Wrocław, Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
, Vienna
Vienna
Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...
, Brussels
Brussels
Brussels , officially the Brussels Region or Brussels-Capital Region , is the capital of Belgium and the de facto capital of the European Union...
and Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
.
In 1560 king Ferdinand I
Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor
Ferdinand I was Holy Roman Emperor from 1558 and king of Bohemia and Hungary from 1526 until his death. Before his accession, he ruled the Austrian hereditary lands of the Habsburgs in the name of his elder brother, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor.The key events during his reign were the contest...
appointed him the bishop of Knin, Croatia
Croatia
Croatia , officially the Republic of Croatia , is a unitary democratic parliamentary republic in Europe at the crossroads of the Mitteleuropa, the Balkans, and the Mediterranean. Its capital and largest city is Zagreb. The country is divided into 20 counties and the city of Zagreb. Croatia covers ...
. He then participated in the Council of Trent
Council of Trent
The Council of Trent was the 16th-century Ecumenical Council of the Roman Catholic Church. It is considered to be one of the Church's most important councils. It convened in Trent between December 13, 1545, and December 4, 1563 in twenty-five sessions for three periods...
(1545–1563) where, in compliance with the wish of Ferdinand, he urged that the cup be given to the laity. Being appointed bishop of Pécs
Pécs
Pécs is the fifth largest city of Hungary, located on the slopes of the Mecsek mountains in the south-west of the country, close to its border with Croatia. It is the administrative and economical centre of Baranya county...
, Dudith went to Poland
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
in 1565 as ambassador of Maximilian
Maximilian
Maximilian, Maximillian, or Maximiliaan is a male given name.-Saints:*Maximilian , 3rd century Christian martyr*Maximilian of Lorch, Christian bishop and martyr*Maximilian of Antioch, Christian martyr under Julian the Apostate...
, where he married, and resigned his see, becoming an adherent of Protestantism
Protestantism
Protestantism is one of the three major groupings within Christianity. It is a movement that began in Germany in the early 16th century as a reaction against medieval Roman Catholic doctrines and practices, especially in regards to salvation, justification, and ecclesiology.The doctrines of the...
. In Poland he began to sympathize with Socinian Anti-trinitarianism (the so-called Ecclesia Minor). Although he never declared himself officially a Unitarian
Unitarianism
Unitarianism is a Christian theological movement, named for its understanding of God as one person, in direct contrast to Trinitarianism which defines God as three persons coexisting consubstantially as one in being....
, some researchers label him as one of the Anti-trinitarian thinkers.
After the election of Stephen Báthory as king of Poland, Dudić left Kraków
Kraków
Kraków also Krakow, or Cracow , is the second largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in the Lesser Poland region, the city dates back to the 7th century. Kraków has traditionally been one of the leading centres of Polish academic, cultural, and artistic life...
and went to Wrocław and later to Moravia
Moravia
Moravia is a historical region in Central Europe in the east of the Czech Republic, and one of the former Czech lands, together with Bohemia and Silesia. It takes its name from the Morava River which rises in the northwest of the region...
, where he supported the Bohemian Brothers.
Dudith maintained correspondence with famous Anti-trinitarians such as Giorgio Blandrata, Jacob Paleologus and Fausto Sozzini. Mihály Balázs, an expert on Central-European Anti-trinitarianism, affirms that Paleologus in Kraków lived in Dudić's house and departed from here to Transylvania
Transylvania
Transylvania is a historical region in the central part of Romania. Bounded on the east and south by the Carpathian mountain range, historical Transylvania extended in the west to the Apuseni Mountains; however, the term sometimes encompasses not only Transylvania proper, but also the historical...
. The theories of Blandrata, Sozzini and Ferenc Dávid had a great influence on him; nevertheless he always remained an Erasmian humanist, who condemned religious intolerance whether it came from Protestants or Catholics.
He died in 1589 in Wrocław and was buried in the Saint-Elizabeth Lutheran Church.
Further reading
Almási, Gábor (2009), Johannes Sambucus (1531-1584), Andreas Dudith (1533-1589), and the Republic of Letters in East Central Europe, Leiden: Brill, ISBN 9789004181854.Costil, Pierre (1935), André Dudith Humaniste Hongrois 1533-1589: Sa Vie, son Oeuvre et ses Manuscrits Grecs, Paris: Société D'édition “Les Belles Lettres.”
Gillet, J.F.A. (1860-61), Crato von Crafftheim und seine Freunde, 2 vols. Frankfurt: H.L.Brönner.
Jedin, Hebert (1912-), “André Dudith,” in Dictionnaire d’histoire et de géographie ecclésiastiques, Paris, vol. 14, 988-990.
External links
- Epitaph of Andreas Dudith at the St. Elisabeth Church in Wroclaw
- De Cometis Dissertationes Novae Clariss. Virorum Thom. Erasti, Andr. Dudithij, Marc. Squarcialupi, Symon. Grynaei. Basileae 1580, Online-Edition of the Sächsische Landesbibliothek - Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Dresden