Argentine Brazilian
Encyclopedia
Argentine Brazilian is a Brazil
ian person of full, partial, or predominantly Argentine
ancestry, or an Argentine-born person residing in Brazil.
After gaining its independence from Spain
in the early 19th century, Argentina adopted an open immigration
policy and encouraged immigrants to embrace the country as their own. For a short period at the end of the 1880s, the government went so far as to subsidize immigrant boat passages. It is estimated that the country received over seven million immigrants, predominantly from Spain
and Italy
, between 1870 and 1930.
Argentina
proved attractive to many foreigners
confronted with harsh economic conditions in Europe
, they were drawn by the appeal of the New World
and an underpopulated country rich in natural resources and employment prospects ranging from agriculture
to factory
work
.
Argentina is witnessing an enormous increase in emigration, with Spain
, Italy
, the United States
, Brazil
, and Israel
making up the main destinations, according to the country's National Migration Directorate. Analysts place the lion's share of the blame for increased emigration on the country's faltering economy.
According to National Migration Directorate estimates, in the past two and a half years Argentina has witnessed an exodus of 255,000 people, or roughly six times the total number of emigrants in the period 1993-2000.
has been characterized as a country of immigration
. Yet global forces, combined with a recent history of economic, political, and social instability, have slowly transformed Argentina into a country of immigration
, emigration
, and transit.
Most recently, Argentina's economic collapse in 2001–2002 saw significant emigration flows of Argentine nationals and immigrants alike. According to the National Migration Directorate, remittances to Argentina reached $724 million in 2004, triple the 2001 figure. Some of this growth is attributable to improved calculation methods, but remittances to Argentina
, as in the rest of the region, have increased remarkably. Remittances are used for a combination of basic needs, debt repayment, and investment purposes, although their primary uses in Argentina have not been thoroughly studied.
An estimated 255,000 nationals have emigrated in the past two and a half years, according to the National Migration Directorate. Although emigration from Argentina has been on the rise since the early 1990s, a sharp upward spike of this type is uncharacteristic for the country. Only during the 1976–1983 military dictatorship, which saw many students, intellectuals, artists, and left-wing activists flee brutal oppression, did Argentina previously see such significant emigration
. In order to assimilate to Brazilian society, a majority of Argentine-Brazilians today only speak Portuguese, but in their homes they use the Spanish language privately.
In the past five years, an estimated 300,000 people have left. An estimated 1,500,000 Argentines were living abroad as of March 2005, double the number from 1985. In 2004, 157,323 native-born Argentines were living in Spain
, up from 64,020 in 1999. In Italy
, the stock of Argentine citizens nearly doubled in the period 1999–2003, from 5,725 to 11,266. Canada
has also seen a marked increase in Argentine immigration: up from 455 permanent residents in 2000 to 1,783 in 2003. More significantly perhaps, Argentina has risen in the ranks of top Latin American source countries to Canada, from 13th to 5th in that same time period. The United States is one country that has experienced an increase in Argentine immigration flows over the last decade, with over 60 percent living in just three states: California, Florida, and New York. The majority of permanent immigrants enter under family reunification provisions, whereas most temporary immigrants enter the United States
as specialty workers, exchange visitors, and intracompany transferees.
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
ian person of full, partial, or predominantly Argentine
Argentina
Argentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...
ancestry, or an Argentine-born person residing in Brazil.
After gaining its independence from Spain
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
in the early 19th century, Argentina adopted an open immigration
Immigration
Immigration is the act of foreigners passing or coming into a country for the purpose of permanent residence...
policy and encouraged immigrants to embrace the country as their own. For a short period at the end of the 1880s, the government went so far as to subsidize immigrant boat passages. It is estimated that the country received over seven million immigrants, predominantly from Spain
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
and Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
, between 1870 and 1930.
Argentina
Argentina
Argentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...
proved attractive to many foreigners
Alien (law)
In law, an alien is a person in a country who is not a citizen of that country.-Categorization:Types of "alien" persons are:*An alien who is legally permitted to remain in a country which is foreign to him or her. On specified terms, this kind of alien may be called a legal alien of that country...
confronted with harsh economic conditions in Europe
Europe
Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
, they were drawn by the appeal of the New World
New World
The New World is one of the names used for the Western Hemisphere, specifically America and sometimes Oceania . The term originated in the late 15th century, when America had been recently discovered by European explorers, expanding the geographical horizon of the people of the European middle...
and an underpopulated country rich in natural resources and employment prospects ranging from agriculture
Agriculture
Agriculture is the cultivation of animals, plants, fungi and other life forms for food, fiber, and other products used to sustain life. Agriculture was the key implement in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that nurtured the...
to factory
Factory
A factory or manufacturing plant is an industrial building where laborers manufacture goods or supervise machines processing one product into another. Most modern factories have large warehouses or warehouse-like facilities that contain heavy equipment used for assembly line production...
work
Wage labour
Wage labour is the socioeconomic relationship between a worker and an employer, where the worker sells their labour under a formal or informal employment contract. These transactions usually occur in a labour market where wages are market determined...
.
Argentina is witnessing an enormous increase in emigration, with Spain
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
, Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
, the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, Brazil
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
, and Israel
Israel
The State of Israel is a parliamentary republic located in the Middle East, along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea...
making up the main destinations, according to the country's National Migration Directorate. Analysts place the lion's share of the blame for increased emigration on the country's faltering economy.
According to National Migration Directorate estimates, in the past two and a half years Argentina has witnessed an exodus of 255,000 people, or roughly six times the total number of emigrants in the period 1993-2000.
History
For most of its history, ArgentinaArgentina
Argentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...
has been characterized as a country of immigration
Immigration
Immigration is the act of foreigners passing or coming into a country for the purpose of permanent residence...
. Yet global forces, combined with a recent history of economic, political, and social instability, have slowly transformed Argentina into a country of immigration
Immigration
Immigration is the act of foreigners passing or coming into a country for the purpose of permanent residence...
, emigration
Emigration
Emigration is the act of leaving one's country or region to settle in another. It is the same as immigration but from the perspective of the country of origin. Human movement before the establishment of political boundaries or within one state is termed migration. There are many reasons why people...
, and transit.
Most recently, Argentina's economic collapse in 2001–2002 saw significant emigration flows of Argentine nationals and immigrants alike. According to the National Migration Directorate, remittances to Argentina reached $724 million in 2004, triple the 2001 figure. Some of this growth is attributable to improved calculation methods, but remittances to Argentina
Argentina
Argentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...
, as in the rest of the region, have increased remarkably. Remittances are used for a combination of basic needs, debt repayment, and investment purposes, although their primary uses in Argentina have not been thoroughly studied.
An estimated 255,000 nationals have emigrated in the past two and a half years, according to the National Migration Directorate. Although emigration from Argentina has been on the rise since the early 1990s, a sharp upward spike of this type is uncharacteristic for the country. Only during the 1976–1983 military dictatorship, which saw many students, intellectuals, artists, and left-wing activists flee brutal oppression, did Argentina previously see such significant emigration
Emigration
Emigration is the act of leaving one's country or region to settle in another. It is the same as immigration but from the perspective of the country of origin. Human movement before the establishment of political boundaries or within one state is termed migration. There are many reasons why people...
. In order to assimilate to Brazilian society, a majority of Argentine-Brazilians today only speak Portuguese, but in their homes they use the Spanish language privately.
Argentine people in the world
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
, up from 64,020 in 1999. In Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
, the stock of Argentine citizens nearly doubled in the period 1999–2003, from 5,725 to 11,266. Canada
Canada
Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
has also seen a marked increase in Argentine immigration: up from 455 permanent residents in 2000 to 1,783 in 2003. More significantly perhaps, Argentina has risen in the ranks of top Latin American source countries to Canada, from 13th to 5th in that same time period. The United States is one country that has experienced an increase in Argentine immigration flows over the last decade, with over 60 percent living in just three states: California, Florida, and New York. The majority of permanent immigrants enter under family reunification provisions, whereas most temporary immigrants enter the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
as specialty workers, exchange visitors, and intracompany transferees.
Notable Argentine Brazilians
- Adriana PrietoAdriana PrietoAdriana Prieto was a Brazilian actress. Her mother was Brazilian and her father was a Chilean diplomat. In 1954, the family settled in Rio de Janeiro...
- Amaury PasosAmaury PasosAmaury Antônio Passos is a retired Brazilian basketball player of Argentine origin.On club level he played for Clube de Regatas Tietê , C.R. Sírio and Corinthians...
- Carolina ArdohainCarolina ArdohainAna Carolina Ardohain Dos Santos is an Argentine model and television personality. She is widely known by the nickname Pampita, a diminutive for La Pampa, the Argentine province when she was born. She was one of very few people baptised at the monastery of Nuestra Señora del Pilar in Recoleta,...
- Claudio SlonClaudio SlonClaudio Slon was a notable Brazilian jazz drummer born in São Paulo, Brazil. He performed in a variety of Latin music genres, including Latin pop, Latin jazz, Brazilian pop and Easy pop....
- Fernando BengoecheaFernando BengoecheaFernando Bengoechea was a New York City-based Argentine photographer who specialized in interiors.He was born in August 1965 in Buenos Aires and grew up mostly in Brazil. Fluent in five languages, he arrived in New York to study cinematography and photography.Bengoechea and his partner, interior...
- Fernando MeligeniFernando MeligeniFernando Ariel Meligeni , nicknamed Fininho is a former professional tennis player from Brazil....
- Hector BabencoHector BabencoHéctor Eduardo Babenco is an Argentine-born Brazilian film director, screenwriter, producer and actor.He has worked in several countries including Argentina, Brazil and the United States....
- João Paulo CuencaJoão Paulo CuencaJoão Paulo Cuenca is a Brazilian writer.Recognized for his exquisite use of the Portuguese language, he has been the author of various books...
- Juan Darthés
- Leonardo Lucio NascimentoLeonardo Lucio NascimentoLeonardo Lucio Nascimento is an Argentinian professional mixed martial artist who has fought for Brazilian fighting promotion Storm Samurai. Lucio holds notable wins over Ultimate Fighting Championship contender Roan Carneiro and Chute Boxe Academy prospect Hélio Dipp...
- Miguel Rolando CovianMiguel Rolando CovianMiguel Rolando Covian , was an Argentine-Brazilian physiologist, medical educator and writer.Covian was born in Rufino, Santa Fé Province, Argentina, on September 7, 1913. He studied at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Buenos Aires, where, while a student, he worked also as a teaching...
- Patricia MaldonadoPatricia MaldonadoPatricia Maldonado is an Argentine-Brazilian writer, who wrote scripts for famous Argentine television series such as Chiquititas, Verano del '98, Rebelde Way and Floricienta.-Television:...
- Renata FronziRenata FronziRenata Mirra Ana Maria Fronzi was an Argentine-born Brazilian television and film actress. She was well known for her role as the character, Helena, in the Brazilian television show, Família Trapo. Família Trapo aired on TV Record, the commercial name for Rede Record, from 1967 until 1971...
See also
- Argentina–Brazil relations
- Immigration to BrazilImmigration to BrazilImmigration to Brazil is the movement to Brazil of foreign persons to reside permanently. It should not be confused with the colonisation of the country by the Portuguese, or with the forcible bringing of people from Africa as slaves....
- White BrazilianWhite BrazilianWhite Brazilians make up 48.4% of Brazil's population, or around 92 million people, according to the IBGE's 2008 PNAD . Whites are present in the entire territory of Brazil, although the main concentrations are found in the South and Southeastern parts of the country...
- Argentine peopleDemographics of ArgentinaThis article is about the demographic features of Argentina, including population density, ethnicity, economic status and other aspects of the population....