Austria-Este - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

Archduke of Austria-Este and Habsburg-Este are a title and a surname

Surname

A surname is a name added to a given name and is part of a personal name. In many cases, a surname is a family name. Many dictionaries define "surname" as a synonym of "family name"...

which have been used by several cadet branches of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine to denote a connection with the extinct Italian princely and feudal family of Este

Este

The House of Este is a European princely dynasty. It is split into two branches; the elder is known as the House of Welf-Este or House of Welf historically rendered in English, Guelf or Guelph...

and the Duchy of Modena ruled by them. As a younger branch of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine, the Habsburg-Estes are also Archdukes and Archduchesses of Austria, Princes and Princesses of Hungary and Bohemia.

Ercole III d'Este, the last Este duke of Modena, of the direct line of Este, was deposed of rulership in 1796 by the French as his Italian principality was incorporated into the Cisalpine Republic, later Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy. However in 1814, when the French rule was abolished in Italy (but after the death of Duke Ercole), Modena was returned to his daughter Mary Beatrice d'Este

Maria Beatrice Ricciarda d'Este

Maria Beatrice d’Este was heiress of Modena and Reggio and Duchess of Massa and Carrara from 1790 until 1797 and from 1816 until her death in 1829.-Biography:...

and her son Archduke Francis of Austria-Este

Francis IV, Duke of Modena

Francis IV Joseph Charles Ambrose Stanislaus was Duke of Modena, Reggio, and Mirandola , Duke of Massa and Prince of Carrara , Archduke of Austria-Este, Royal Prince of Hungary and Bohemia, Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece...

.

Duke Ercole III was compensated with the principality of Breisgau

Breisgau

Breisgau is the name of an area in southwest Germany, placed between the river Rhine and the foothills of the Black Forest around Freiburg im Breisgau in the state of Baden-Württemberg. The district Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald, which partly consists of the Breisgau, is named after that area...

, located in southern Germany. Its former rulers, Habsburgs ceded this province to him, in anticipation of it falling eventually to the Habsburg family again, since Ercole's sole daughter was married to a cadet Habsburg, Archduke Ferdinand of Austria-Este

Archduke Ferdinand of Austria-Este

Archduke Ferdinand Karl Anton Joseph Johann Stanislaus of Austria-Este was a son of Holy Roman Emperor Franz I and Maria Theresa of Austria. He was the founder of the House of Austria-Este and Governor of the Duchy of Milan between 1765 and 1796...

. Duke Ercole died in 1803 and Breisgau was inherited by his daughter (and her husband), who soon (1805) lost it to the expanding Grand Duchy of Baden

Grand Duchy of Baden

The Grand Duchy of Baden was a historical state in the southwest of Germany, on the east bank of the Rhine. It existed between 1806 and 1918.-History:...

.

The family, cognatically descended from the Estes, ruled the Duchy of Modena and Reggio

Duchy of Modena and Reggio

The Duchy of Modena and Reggio |Italian]] state that existed from 1452 to 1859, with a break between 1796 and 1814. It was ruled by the noble House of Este, from 1814 Austria-Este.-House of Este:...

again from 1814 to 1859, using the names Asburgo-Este (Habsburg-Este) and its variants. The Duchy bore also titles Duke of Reggio, of Mirandola, of Massa, Prince of Carrara and Lunigniana, as well as since 1847 Duke of Guastalla. The principality lost its independence to the new united Italy, and Francesco V, the last duke was deposed.

Francis V, Duke of Modena

Francis V, Duke of Modena

Francesco Ferdinando Geminiano von Habsburg-Lothringen, known as Francis V of Modena , Archduke of Austria-Este, Royal Prince of Hungary and Bohemia, was Duke of Modena, Reggio, and Mirandola, Duke of Guastalla , Duke of Massa and Prince of Carrara from 1846 to 1859...

(1846–59, died 1875) withdrew to Austria

Austria

Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...

where he lived most of the rest of his life. After the death of his mother in 1840, Francis was considered the legitimate heir to the English and Scottish thrones by Jacobites

Jacobitism

Jacobitism was the political movement in Britain dedicated to the restoration of the Stuart kings to the thrones of England, Scotland, later the Kingdom of Great Britain, and the Kingdom of Ireland...

(with the regnal title King Francis I). When Francis died at Vienna

Vienna

Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...

on November 20, 1875, his family became extinct in the male line. His heir general and heir-of-the-blood was his niece, Archduchess Maria Theresia of Austria-Este (died 1919), who then was married with Prince Ludwig of Bavaria

Ludwig III of Bavaria

Ludwig III , was the last King of Bavaria, reigning from 1913 to 1918.-Early life:...

(they later became King and Queen of Bavaria). The heir-general of line of the Este family continues in their descendants, and the present heir is Franz, Duke of Bavaria

Franz, Duke of Bavaria

Franz Bonaventura Adalbert Maria Herzog von Bayern , styled as His Royal Highness The Duke of Bavaria, is head of the Wittelsbach family, the former ruling family of the Kingdom of Bavaria...

.

However, Francis V had decided to retain the Este

Este

The House of Este is a European princely dynasty. It is split into two branches; the elder is known as the House of Welf-Este or House of Welf historically rendered in English, Guelf or Guelph...

name in the Habsburg family, and left most of his huge estate to his young cousin Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria

Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria

Franz Ferdinand was an Archduke of Austria-Este, Austro-Hungarian and Royal Prince of Hungary and of Bohemia, and from 1889 until his death, heir presumptive to the Austro-Hungarian throne. His assassination in Sarajevo precipitated Austria-Hungary's declaration of war against Serbia...

, with certain conditions, one of which is that the heir and future heirs use the name of Este

Este

The House of Este is a European princely dynasty. It is split into two branches; the elder is known as the House of Welf-Este or House of Welf historically rendered in English, Guelf or Guelph...

. The tradition of Este family thus fell to the line of Archduke Charles Louis, younger brother to then Emperor Francis Joseph

Franz Joseph I of Austria

Franz Joseph I or Francis Joseph I was Emperor of Austria, King of Bohemia, King of Croatia, Apostolic King of Hungary, King of Galicia and Lodomeria and Grand Duke of Cracow from 1848 until his death in 1916.In the December of 1848, Emperor Ferdinand I of Austria abdicated the throne as part of...

. It is said that Austria-Este is some sort of "secundogeniture" title in Austrian imperial family.

As explained, the first "adoptee" was Archduke Franz Ferdinand, b 1863 (not descended from Mary Beatrice d'Este

Maria Beatrice Ricciarda d'Este

Maria Beatrice d’Este was heiress of Modena and Reggio and Duchess of Massa and Carrara from 1790 until 1797 and from 1816 until her death in 1829.-Biography:...

), who took the name Austria-Este, and also in 1896 became the heir presumptive

Heir Presumptive

An heir presumptive or heiress presumptive is the person provisionally scheduled to inherit a throne, peerage, or other hereditary honour, but whose position can be displaced by the birth of an heir or heiress apparent or of a new heir presumptive with a better claim to the position in question...

of the Austrian Empire, but was murdered 28 June 1914 in Sarajevo. Since his own children were born in morganatic marriage

Morganatic marriage

In the context of European royalty, a morganatic marriage is a marriage between people of unequal social rank, which prevents the passage of the husband's titles and privileges to the wife and any children born of the marriage...

(see House of Hohenberg

House of Hohenberg

The Ducal House of Hohenberg is an Austrian noble family, descended from Countess Sophie Chotek who in 1900 married Archduke Francis Ferdinand of Austria-Este , the heir presumptive to the throne of the Austro-Hungarian Empire...

), the Habsburgs designated his soon-to-be born great-nephew Robert

Robert, Archduke of Austria-Este

Robert, Archduke of Austria-Este, Prince Imperial of Austria, Prince Royal of Hungary, Bohemia and Croatia , was born as the second son of Karl I, last Emperor of Austria-Hungary, and Zita of Bourbon-Parma.-Archduke of Austria-Este:On 16 April 1917, at the age of two, Robert was created Archduke of...

(born 8 February 1915), second son of the future emperor Charles, as the next "adopted Austria-Este". Through his mother Zita of Parma (a great-granddaughter of Teresa of Savoy

Princess Maria Teresa of Savoy

Maria Teresa of Savoy, was the wife of Charles II, Duke of Parma .-Early life:...

, Duchess of Lucca and Parma, who was daughter of Teresa of Modena, Queen of Sardinia, who was daughter of Mary Beatrice d'Este and Ferdinand of Austria, Duchess and Duke of Breisgau and Modena), Archduke Robert

Robert, Archduke of Austria-Este

happened to be a descendant of Duke Ercole III d'Este and thus the blood of last Este dukes joined with the name Austria-Este.

Archduke Robert decreed that all his descendants in male line are entitled to the surname Austria-Este, and he took also the title Duke of Este, which is intended to be carried by the head of the family of Austria-Este.

Today, the carrier of such tradition is Archduke Lorenz Otto Charles of Austria-Este, born 1955, eldest son of Archduke Robert and Princess Margherita of Savoy-Aosta

Margherita, Archduchess of Austria-Este

Margherita, Archduchess of Austria-Este is the first child of the late Prince Amedeo of Savoy and Princess Anne d'Orléans.-Marriage and issue:...

. Archduke Lorenz is married to Princess Astrid of Belgium, the only daughter of King Albert II of Belgium

Albert II of Belgium

Albert II is the current reigning King of the Belgians, a constitutional monarch. He is a member of the royal house "of Belgium"; formerly this house was named Saxe-Coburg-Gotha...

. Since the throne of Belgium

Belgium

Belgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many...

is inheritable also by females (and males no longer have precedence over females), Princess Astrid is the heiress of Belgium immediately after the issue of Crown Prince Philip. As such, her husband Archduke Lorenz of Austria-Este, Duke of Este, was in 1995 elevated to the additional title of Prince of Belgium. The children of the couple are since 1991 titled Archduke (Archduchess) of Austria-Este and Prince(ss) of Belgium. The eldest of these is Prince Amedeo of Belgium, Archduke of Austria-Este, born 1986.

Archdukes of Austria

Maria Theresa

Maria Theresa of Austria

Maria Theresa Walburga Amalia Christina was the only female ruler of the Habsburg dominions and the last of the House of Habsburg. She was the sovereign of Austria, Hungary, Croatia, Bohemia, Mantua, Milan, Lodomeria and Galicia, the Austrian Netherlands and Parma...

(1717–1780)
× Francis I

Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor

Francis I was Holy Roman Emperor and Grand Duke of Tuscany, though his wife effectively executed the real power of those positions. With his wife, Maria Theresa, he was the founder of the Habsburg-Lorraine dynasty...

(1708–1765)
|
+-- Ferdinand Karl Anton

Archduke Ferdinand of Austria-Este

(1754–1806)
| × Maria Beatrice Ricciarda d'Este

Maria Beatrice Ricciarda d'Este

Maria Beatrice d’Este was heiress of Modena and Reggio and Duchess of Massa and Carrara from 1790 until 1797 and from 1816 until her death in 1829.-Biography:...

(1750–1829)
| |
| +-- Ferdinand Karl

Archduke Ferdinand Karl Joseph of Austria-Este

Archduke Ferdinand Karl Joseph of Austria-Este was the third son of Archduke Ferdinand of Austria-Este and of his wife Princess Maria Beatrice Ricciarda d'Este, last member and heiress of the house of Este. For much of the Napoleonic Wars he was in command of the Austrian army.Ferdinand was born...

(1781–1850)
| +-- Karl

Archduke Karl of Austria-Este

Karl Ambrosius Joseph Johann Baptist of Austria-Este was an Archbishop of Esztergom.His parents were Archduke Ferdinand of Austria-Este and Maria Beatrice Ricciarda d'Este....

(1785–1809)
| +-- Marie Ludovika (1787–1816)
| × Franz I of Austria

Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor

Francis II was the last Holy Roman Emperor, ruling from 1792 until 6 August 1806, when he dissolved the Empire after the disastrous defeat of the Third Coalition by Napoleon at the Battle of Austerlitz...

|
+-- Leopold II

Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor

Leopold II , born Peter Leopold Joseph Anton Joachim Pius Gotthard, was Holy Roman Emperor and King of Hungary and Bohemia from 1790 to 1792, Archduke of Austria and Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1765 to 1790. He was a son of Emperor Francis I and his wife, Empress Maria Theresa...

(1747–1792)
× Maria Luisa of Spain

Maria Luisa of Spain

Infanta Maria Luisa of Spain was Holy Roman Empress, German Queen, Queen of Bohemia and Hungary as the spouse of Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor.-Names:...

(1745–1792)
|
+-- Franz I (1768–1835)
× Marie Ludovika, daughter of his uncle Ferdinand Karl
× Maria Theresa of Two Sicilies (1772–1807)
|
+-- Ferdinand I

Ferdinand I of Austria

Ferdinand I was Emperor of Austria, President of the German Confederation, King of Hungary and Bohemia , as well as associated dominions from the death of his father, Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor, until his abdication after the Revolutions of 1848.He married Maria Anna of Savoy, the sixth child...

(1793–1875)
+-- Marie Louise, Empress of France
+-- Maria Leopoldina, Empress of Brazil
+-- Franz Karl (1802–1878)
× Sophie of Bavaria (1805–1872)
|
+-- Franz Joseph (1830–1916)
| × Elisabeth "Sissi" of Austria

Elisabeth of Bavaria

Elisabeth of Austria was the spouse of Franz Joseph I, and therefore both Empress of Austria and Queen of Hungary. She also held the titles of Queen of Bohemia and Croatia, among others...

+-- Maximilian I of Mexico

Maximilian I of Mexico

Maximilian I was the only monarch of the Second Mexican Empire.After a distinguished career in the Austrian Navy, he was proclaimed Emperor of Mexico on April 10, 1864, with the backing of Napoleon III of France and a group of Mexican monarchists who sought to revive the Mexican monarchy...

(1832–1867)
+-- Maria Anna (1835–1840)
+-- Ludwig Victor

Archduke Ludwig Viktor of Austria

Archduke Ludwig Viktor of Austria from the House of Habsburg was the youngest son born to Archduke Franz Karl of Austria and Princess Sophie of Bavaria...

(1842–1919) (Ludwig Victor was younger than Karl Ludwig)
+-- Karl Ludwig (1833–1896)
× Maria Annunziata of Bourbon-Sicily

Princess Maria Annunciata of the Two Sicilies

Princess Maria Annunziata Isabella Filomena Sabasia of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, full Italian name: Maria Annunziata Isabella Filomena Sabasia, Principessa di Borbone delle Due Sicilie was the mother of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the archduke whose assassination in Sarajevo in 1914 precipitated the...

|
+-- Franz Ferdinand (1863–1914)
+-- Otto

Archduke Otto Franz of Austria

-Marriage and issue:On October 2, 1886, he married Princess Maria Josepha of Saxony, daughter of King George of Saxony. They had two sons:* Archduke Karl Franz of Austria , who became the last Emperor of Austria and had issue....

(1865–1906)
× Maria Josepha of Saxony

Princess Maria Josepha of Saxony

Princess Maria Josepha of Saxony was the mother of Emperor Charles I of Austria and the fifth child of George of Saxony and Infanta Maria Anna of Portugal.-Early life:...

|
+-- Karl I

Karl I of Austria

Charles I of Austria or Charles IV of Hungary was the last ruler of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. He was the last Emperor of Austria, the last King of Hungary, the last King of Bohemia and Croatia and the last King of Galicia and Lodomeria and the last monarch of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine...

(1887–1922), Last Emperor of Austria
| × Zita of Bourbon-Parma

Zita of Bourbon-Parma

Princess Zita of Bourbon-Parma was the wife of Emperor Charles of Austria...

Regina, Crown Princess of Austria

Regina, Crown Princess of Austria, Hungary and Bohemia , was a member of the House of Wettin....

Archduchess Maria Beatrix of Austria-Este

Maria Beatrix of Austria-Este was a member of the House of Austria-Este and Archduchess and Princess of Austria, Princess of Hungary, Bohemia, and Modena by birth. Daughter of Francis IV of Modena and his niece, Beatrix II of Modena...

Archduke Felix of Austria

Archduke Felix of Austria was the last surviving child of the last Austrian Emperor Charles I and a member of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine...

(1916–2011)
| +-- Carl Ludwig (1918–2007)
| +-- Rudolph (1919–2010)
+-- Maximilian

Archduke Maximilian Eugen of Austria

Maximilian Eugen Ludwig Friedrich Philipp Ignatius Joseph Maria was an Archduke of Austria.- Family :Maximilian was the second son of Archduke Otto of Austria and Princess Maria Josepha of Saxony...

(1895–1952)

Dukes of Modena

Rinaldo III d'Este
× Charlotte, Duchess of Braunschweig-Lüneburg
|
+-- Francesco III (1698–1780)
× Teresa di Castellborco
× Charlotte d'Orléans
|
+-- Ercole III (1727–1803)
× Maria Teresa Cybo di Carrera
|
+-- Rinaldo Francesco d'Este (1753)
+-- Maria Beatrice (1750–1829)
× Ferdinand Karl, Archduke of Austria
|
+-- Josef Franz (1772)
+-- Franz IV of Austria-Este

Francis IV, Duke of Modena

Francis V, Duke of Modena

(1819–1875)
| | × Adelgunde, Princess of Bayern
| | |
| | +-- Anna Beatrice of Austria-Este (1848–1849)
| |
| +-- Ferdinand Karl Austria-Este (1821–1849)
| | × Elizabeth Austria (granddaughter of Emperor Leopold II)
| | |
| | +-- Maria Theresia of Austria-Este (1849–1919)
| | × Ludwig III, King of Bayern
| |
| +-- Maria Beatrix Austria-Este (1824–1906)
| × Juan of Borbon, Comte de Montizon
| |
| +-- Carlos of Borbón, Duke de Madrid (1848–1909)
| +-- Alfonso Carlos of Borbon, Duke de San Jaime (1849–1936)
|
+-- Ferdinand of Austria-Este (1781–1850), unmarried
+-- Maximilian Joseph of Austria-Este (1782–1863)
| × Margretha Louw (1790–1850) m
|
+-- Karl of Austria-Este (1785–1809), Archbishop of Esztergom

Esztergom

Esztergom , is a city in northern Hungary, 46 km north-west of the capital Budapest. It lies in Komárom-Esztergom county, on the right bank of the river Danube, which forms the border with Slovakia there....

+-- Maria Theresia of Austria-Este (1773–1832)
| × Vittorio Emanuele I of Savoy; had issue
|
+-- Josepha of Austria-Este (1775–1777)
+-- Maria-Leopoldine of Austria-Este (1776–1848)
| × Ludwig, Count of Arco; had issue
|
+-- Maria Antonia (1784–1786)
+-- Marie Ludovika of Austria-Este (1787–1816)
× Franz II, Holy Roman Emperor

The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.