Barga Mongols
Encyclopedia
The Barga are a subgroup of the Mongol people
who speak a Barga dialect of Buryat language
and predominantly live Hulunbuir
since 17th century under the Qing Dynasty
.
In 12-13th centuries, the Barga Mongols appear as the tribes in Lake Baikal
as named Bargujin. Genghis Khan's ancestor Alan Gua
was of Barga ancestry. In the Mongol Empire
, they served the Great Khans' armies.
After the fall of the Yuan Dynasty
in 1368, the Barga joined the Oirats
against the Genghisids. However, they were scattered among the Mongols and Oirats. The Barga share the same 11 clans into which the Khori-Buryats were divided. The main body of Khori-Barga moved to the area between Ergune
river and the Greater Khingan Range where they became subject to the Daurs and Solon Ewenkis. A large body of Barga Khoris fled back east to the Onon river in 1594. While some came under Russian protection, others became tributary to the Khalkha
.
When the Qing Dynasty attacked the Cossacks in the Ergune and Shilka
rivers in 1685-89, those Barga Mongols in east of the Ergune River were deported to Manchuria
. The Qing court dispersed them among the Chahar banners.
In 1734, the Barga Mongols who had been left under the Khalkha noyan
s complained the mistreatment of their lords and the Qing authority selected 2,400 Barga Mongols in Khalkha and stationed them with their families in Ho'lonbuir, Dornod.
Mongols
Mongols ) are a Central-East Asian ethnic group that lives mainly in the countries of Mongolia, China, and Russia. In China, ethnic Mongols can be found mainly in the central north region of China such as Inner Mongolia...
who speak a Barga dialect of Buryat language
Buryat language
Buryat is a Mongolic variety spoken by the Buryats that is either classified as a language or as a major dialect group of Mongolian. The majority of Buryat speakers live in Russia along the northern border of Mongolia where it is an official language in the Buryat Republic, Ust-Orda Buryatia and...
and predominantly live Hulunbuir
Hulunbuir
Hulunbuir is a region that is governed as a prefecture-level city in northeastern Inner Mongolia, in the People's Republic of China. Its administrative center is located at Hailar District, its largest urban area. Major scenic features are the high steppes of the Hulun Buir grasslands, the Hulun...
since 17th century under the Qing Dynasty
Qing Dynasty
The Qing Dynasty was the last dynasty of China, ruling from 1644 to 1912 with a brief, abortive restoration in 1917. It was preceded by the Ming Dynasty and followed by the Republic of China....
.
In 12-13th centuries, the Barga Mongols appear as the tribes in Lake Baikal
Lake Baikal
Lake Baikal is the world's oldest at 30 million years old and deepest lake with an average depth of 744.4 metres.Located in the south of the Russian region of Siberia, between Irkutsk Oblast to the northwest and the Buryat Republic to the southeast, it is the most voluminous freshwater lake in the...
as named Bargujin. Genghis Khan's ancestor Alan Gua
Alan Goa
Alan Gua is a mythical figure from the Secret History of the Mongols, eleven generations after the grey wolf and the white doe, and ten generations before Genghis Khan. Her five sons are described as the ancestors of the various Mongol clans...
was of Barga ancestry. In the Mongol Empire
Mongol Empire
The Mongol Empire , initially named as Greater Mongol State was a great empire during the 13th and 14th centuries...
, they served the Great Khans' armies.
After the fall of the Yuan Dynasty
Yuan Dynasty
The Yuan Dynasty , or Great Yuan Empire was a ruling dynasty founded by the Mongol leader Kublai Khan, who ruled most of present-day China, all of modern Mongolia and its surrounding areas, lasting officially from 1271 to 1368. It is considered both as a division of the Mongol Empire and as an...
in 1368, the Barga joined the Oirats
Oirats
Oirats are the westernmost group of the Mongols who unified several tribes origin whose ancestral home is in the Altai region of western Mongolia. Although the Oirats originated in the eastern parts of Central Asia, the most prominent group today is located in the Republic of Kalmykia, a federal...
against the Genghisids. However, they were scattered among the Mongols and Oirats. The Barga share the same 11 clans into which the Khori-Buryats were divided. The main body of Khori-Barga moved to the area between Ergune
Argun River
Argun River may refer to*Argun River , in Georgia and Russia*Argun River , part of the Russia–China border...
river and the Greater Khingan Range where they became subject to the Daurs and Solon Ewenkis. A large body of Barga Khoris fled back east to the Onon river in 1594. While some came under Russian protection, others became tributary to the Khalkha
Khalkha
Khalkha is the largest subgroup of Mongol people in Mongolia since 15th century. The Khalkha together with Tsahar, Ordos and Tumed, were directly ruled by the Altan Urag Khans until the 20th century; unlike the Oirat people who were ruled by the Dzungar nobles or the Khorchins who were ruled by...
.
When the Qing Dynasty attacked the Cossacks in the Ergune and Shilka
Shilka River
Shilka is a river in Zabaykalsky Krai, south-eastern Russia. It has a length . It originates as a confluence of the Onon and Ingoda rivers. Its confluence with the Ergune on the Russia-China border gives rise to the Amur River. The river is navigable for its entire length....
rivers in 1685-89, those Barga Mongols in east of the Ergune River were deported to Manchuria
Manchuria
Manchuria is a historical name given to a large geographic region in northeast Asia. Depending on the definition of its extent, Manchuria usually falls entirely within the People's Republic of China, or is sometimes divided between China and Russia. The region is commonly referred to as Northeast...
. The Qing court dispersed them among the Chahar banners.
In 1734, the Barga Mongols who had been left under the Khalkha noyan
Noyan
Noyan, noyon was a title of authority in the Mongol Empire and later periods...
s complained the mistreatment of their lords and the Qing authority selected 2,400 Barga Mongols in Khalkha and stationed them with their families in Ho'lonbuir, Dornod.