Bernhard III, Margrave of Baden-Baden
Encyclopedia
Bernhard III, Margrave of Baden-Baden (7 October 1474 – 29 June 1536) inherited in 1515 part of his fathers margraviate of Baden
. He ruled his part from 1515 until 1536.
His two brothers, Ernest
and Philip
inherited the other parts; after Philip died, he and Ernest each inherited half of Philip's part.
This created two lines of rulers:
The Bernhardine line died died out in 1771, allowing Margrave Charles Frederick of the Ernestine line to reunite the Margraviate of Baden.
Bernard was brought up at the court of Emperor Maximilian I
and went to Spain with his friend, Maximilian's son Philip I. Philip was appointed King
of Spain
in 1504.
Margrave Bernhard tended in his later years to Protestantism
and introduced the Reformation
into the upper Margraviate.
and Luxembourg (d. 17 June 1566), the daughter of Count Charles of Luxembourg. They had two sons; the younger, Christopher, was born after Bernard's death:
Bernhard, however, had numerous extra-marital children, of whom six sons (Bernard, Philip, John, George, Caspar, and Melchior) are known. In 1532, Emperor Charles V declared Georg, Caspar and Melchior to be legitimate princes, and later, Bernhard and Philip as well. These sons were not entitled to inherit, but they received a maintenance payment after their father's death.
Baden
Baden is a historical state on the east bank of the Rhine in the southwest of Germany, now the western part of the Baden-Württemberg of Germany....
. He ruled his part from 1515 until 1536.
His two brothers, Ernest
Ernest, Margrave of Baden-Durlach
Margrave Ernest I of Baden-Durlach was the founder of the so-called "Ernestine" line of the House of Baden, the from which the later Grand Dukes descended. He was the ruling Margrave of Baden-Pforzheim from 1533 and resided in Pforzheim from 1537...
and Philip
Philip I, Margrave of Baden
Margrave Philip I of Baden took over the administration of his father's possessions Baden , Durlach, Pforzheim and Altensteig and parts of Eberstein, Lahr and Mahlberg in 1515 and ruled as governor until he inherited the territories in 1527...
inherited the other parts; after Philip died, he and Ernest each inherited half of Philip's part.
This created two lines of rulers:
- "Bernhardine line" (Catholic) ruled Baden-BadenBadenBaden is a historical state on the east bank of the Rhine in the southwest of Germany, now the western part of the Baden-Württemberg of Germany....
- "Ernestine line" (Protestant) ruled Baden-Durlach
The Bernhardine line died died out in 1771, allowing Margrave Charles Frederick of the Ernestine line to reunite the Margraviate of Baden.
Bernard was brought up at the court of Emperor Maximilian I
Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor
Maximilian I , the son of Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor and Eleanor of Portugal, was King of the Romans from 1486 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1493 until his death, though he was never in fact crowned by the Pope, the journey to Rome always being too risky...
and went to Spain with his friend, Maximilian's son Philip I. Philip was appointed King
King
- Centers of population :* King, Ontario, CanadaIn USA:* King, Indiana* King, North Carolina* King, Lincoln County, Wisconsin* King, Waupaca County, Wisconsin* King County, Washington- Moving-image works :Television:...
of Spain
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
in 1504.
Margrave Bernhard tended in his later years to Protestantism
Protestantism
Protestantism is one of the three major groupings within Christianity. It is a movement that began in Germany in the early 16th century as a reaction against medieval Roman Catholic doctrines and practices, especially in regards to salvation, justification, and ecclesiology.The doctrines of the...
and introduced the Reformation
Reformation
- Movements :* Protestant Reformation, an attempt by Martin Luther to reform the Roman Catholic Church that resulted in a schism, and grew into a wider movement...
into the upper Margraviate.
Marriage and issue
Bernhard III. married in 1535, two years before his death, with Franziska of Luxemburg, Countess of BrienneCounty of Brienne
The County of Brienne was a medieval county in France centered on Brienne-le-Château.-Counts of Brienne:* Engelbert III* Engelbert IV* Walter I * Erard I * Walter II...
and Luxembourg (d. 17 June 1566), the daughter of Count Charles of Luxembourg. They had two sons; the younger, Christopher, was born after Bernard's death:
- PhilibertPhilibert, Margrave of Baden-BadenMargrave Philibert of Baden ruled the Margraviate of Baden-Baden from 1554 to 1569. Philibert was the son of the Margrave Bernhard III, Margrave of Baden-Baden and Franziska of Luxembourg....
(born: 22 January 1536, died: 3 October 1569) - ChristopherChristopher II, Margrave of Baden-RodemachernChristoph II of Baden-Rodemachern was the first Margrave of Baden-Rodemachern. He was the second son of Bernhard III of Baden-Baden and his wife Countess Franziska of Brienne and Luxembourg....
(born: 26 February 1537; died: 2 August 1575)
Bernhard, however, had numerous extra-marital children, of whom six sons (Bernard, Philip, John, George, Caspar, and Melchior) are known. In 1532, Emperor Charles V declared Georg, Caspar and Melchior to be legitimate princes, and later, Bernhard and Philip as well. These sons were not entitled to inherit, but they received a maintenance payment after their father's death.