Philibert, Margrave of Baden-Baden
Encyclopedia
Margrave Philibert of Baden (22 January 1536, Baden-Baden
– 3 October 1569, Montcontour)
ruled the Margraviate of Baden-Baden from 1554 to 1569. Philibert was the son of the Margrave Bernhard III, Margrave of Baden-Baden
and Franziska of Luxembourg.
Philibert spent part of his youth at the court of Duke
William IV of Bavaria
in Munich
. William, who later became his father-in-law, was known for his strict Catholic
perspective and brought the Jesuits to Bavaria
. Margrave Philibert was a supporter of Protestantism
and converted to it, undeterred by his father-in-law. In 1555 he took part in the negotiations that resulted in the Peace of Augsburg
.
In 1565 he wanted to come to the aid of the Huguenots in France with 1,500 men. Emperor
Maximilian II
, however, told him not to do so and Philibert acquiesced.
In 1566, Philibert served in the Imperial army, fighting in Hungary against Sultan
Suleiman I. In 1569 he even fought against the Huguenots. He fought on the side of King Charles IX of France
, the son in law of Emperor Maximilian II.
Philibert was killed on 3 October 1569 in the Battle of Montcontour against the Huguenots, which the French king won. According to his friend, Heinrich von Stein, he left the battlefield alive and was then pursued by the Huguenots to a castle on the Spanish border, where they caught up with him and killed him. He left a 10 year old son, Philip who succeeded him as Margrave Philip II
. Philip II had an older sister Jakobea
and two younger sisters. Philibert's uncle Albert V
brought the siblings to Munich and raised them there.
Margrave Philibert was a Protestant, but he was very tolerant in matters of faith. He gave his subjects freedom of religion and he even married a Catholic, Mechthild of Bavaria
.
(born: 14 June 1532; died: 2 November 1565), daughter of the Duke William IV
of Bavaria. They had five children:
Baden-Baden
Baden-Baden is a spa town in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is located on the western foothills of the Black Forest, on the banks of the Oos River, in the region of Karlsruhe...
– 3 October 1569, Montcontour)
ruled the Margraviate of Baden-Baden from 1554 to 1569. Philibert was the son of the Margrave Bernhard III, Margrave of Baden-Baden
Bernhard III, Margrave of Baden-Baden
Bernhard III, Margrave of Baden-Baden inherited in 1515 part of his fathers margraviate of Baden. He ruled his part from 1515 until 1536....
and Franziska of Luxembourg.
Philibert spent part of his youth at the court of Duke
Duke
A duke or duchess is a member of the nobility, historically of highest rank below the monarch, and historically controlling a duchy...
William IV of Bavaria
William IV, Duke of Bavaria
William IV of Bavaria was Duke of Bavaria from 1508 to 1550, until 1545 together with his younger brother Louis X, Duke of Bavaria....
in Munich
Munich
Munich The city's motto is "" . Before 2006, it was "Weltstadt mit Herz" . Its native name, , is derived from the Old High German Munichen, meaning "by the monks' place". The city's name derives from the monks of the Benedictine order who founded the city; hence the monk depicted on the city's coat...
. William, who later became his father-in-law, was known for his strict Catholic
Catholic
The word catholic comes from the Greek phrase , meaning "on the whole," "according to the whole" or "in general", and is a combination of the Greek words meaning "about" and meaning "whole"...
perspective and brought the Jesuits to Bavaria
Bavaria
Bavaria, formally the Free State of Bavaria is a state of Germany, located in the southeast of Germany. With an area of , it is the largest state by area, forming almost 20% of the total land area of Germany...
. Margrave Philibert was a supporter of Protestantism
Protestantism
Protestantism is one of the three major groupings within Christianity. It is a movement that began in Germany in the early 16th century as a reaction against medieval Roman Catholic doctrines and practices, especially in regards to salvation, justification, and ecclesiology.The doctrines of the...
and converted to it, undeterred by his father-in-law. In 1555 he took part in the negotiations that resulted in the Peace of Augsburg
Peace of Augsburg
The Peace of Augsburg, also called the Augsburg Settlement, was a treaty between Charles V and the forces of the Schmalkaldic League, an alliance of Lutheran princes, on September 25, 1555, at the imperial city of Augsburg, now in present-day Bavaria, Germany.It officially ended the religious...
.
In 1565 he wanted to come to the aid of the Huguenots in France with 1,500 men. Emperor
Emperor
An emperor is a monarch, usually the sovereign ruler of an empire or another type of imperial realm. Empress, the female equivalent, may indicate an emperor's wife or a woman who rules in her own right...
Maximilian II
Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor
Maximilian II was king of Bohemia and king of the Romans from 1562, king of Hungary and Croatia from 1563, emperor of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation from 1564 until his death...
, however, told him not to do so and Philibert acquiesced.
In 1566, Philibert served in the Imperial army, fighting in Hungary against Sultan
Sultan
Sultan is a title with several historical meanings. Originally, it was an Arabic language abstract noun meaning "strength", "authority", "rulership", and "dictatorship", derived from the masdar سلطة , meaning "authority" or "power". Later, it came to be used as the title of certain rulers who...
Suleiman I. In 1569 he even fought against the Huguenots. He fought on the side of King Charles IX of France
Charles IX of France
Charles IX was King of France, ruling from 1560 until his death. His reign was dominated by the Wars of Religion. He is best known as king at the time of the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre.-Childhood:...
, the son in law of Emperor Maximilian II.
Philibert was killed on 3 October 1569 in the Battle of Montcontour against the Huguenots, which the French king won. According to his friend, Heinrich von Stein, he left the battlefield alive and was then pursued by the Huguenots to a castle on the Spanish border, where they caught up with him and killed him. He left a 10 year old son, Philip who succeeded him as Margrave Philip II
Philip II, Margrave of Baden-Baden
Margrave Philip II of Baden , was from 1571 to 1588 Margrave of the Margraviate of Baden-Baden. He was the son of the Protestant Margrave Philibert of Baden-Baden and the Catholic Mechthild of Bavaria.Philip's father, Philibert, died in early in October 1569 during the Battle of Montcontour...
. Philip II had an older sister Jakobea
Jakobea of Baden
Princess Jakobea of Baden was daughter of the Margrave Philibert of Baden-Baden and Mechthild of Bavaria...
and two younger sisters. Philibert's uncle Albert V
Albert V, Duke of Bavaria
Albert V was Duke of Bavaria from 1550 until his death. He was born in Munich to William IV and Marie Jacobaea of Baden.-Early life:Albert was educated at Ingolstadt under good Catholic teachers...
brought the siblings to Munich and raised them there.
Margrave Philibert was a Protestant, but he was very tolerant in matters of faith. He gave his subjects freedom of religion and he even married a Catholic, Mechthild of Bavaria
Mechthild of Bavaria
Mechthild of Bavaria was a German noblewoman. She was the daughter of William IV, Duke of Bavaria and his wife Marie...
.
Marriage and issue
Philibert married on 17 January 1557 Mechthild of BavariaMechthild of Bavaria
Mechthild of Bavaria was a German noblewoman. She was the daughter of William IV, Duke of Bavaria and his wife Marie...
(born: 14 June 1532; died: 2 November 1565), daughter of the Duke William IV
William IV, Duke of Bavaria
William IV of Bavaria was Duke of Bavaria from 1508 to 1550, until 1545 together with his younger brother Louis X, Duke of Bavaria....
of Bavaria. They had five children:
- JakobeaJakobea of BadenPrincess Jakobea of Baden was daughter of the Margrave Philibert of Baden-Baden and Mechthild of Bavaria...
(born: 16 January 1558; died: 3 September 1597, killed in DüsseldorfDüsseldorfDüsseldorf is the capital city of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia and centre of the Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region.Düsseldorf is an important international business and financial centre and renowned for its fashion and trade fairs. Located centrally within the European Megalopolis, the...
), married Duke John WilliamJohn William, Duke of Julich-Cleves-BergJohn William of Jülich-Cleves-Berg was a Duke of Jülich-Cleves-Berg.His parents were William the Rich, Duke of Jülich-Cleves-Berg and Maria of Austria , a daughter of Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor and Anna of Bohemia and Hungary. He grew up and was educated in Xanten. John William became...
of Jülich-Berg-Cleves - Philip IIPhilip II, Margrave of Baden-BadenMargrave Philip II of Baden , was from 1571 to 1588 Margrave of the Margraviate of Baden-Baden. He was the son of the Protestant Margrave Philibert of Baden-Baden and the Catholic Mechthild of Bavaria.Philip's father, Philibert, died in early in October 1569 during the Battle of Montcontour...
(born: 19 February 1559 in Baden-BadenBaden-BadenBaden-Baden is a spa town in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is located on the western foothills of the Black Forest, on the banks of the Oos River, in the region of Karlsruhe...
, died: 17 June 1588), Margrave of Baden-Baden - Anna Maria (born: 22 May 1562; died: 25 April 1583 TrebonTrebonTřeboň is a historical town in South Bohemian Region of Czech Republic. The population stands at 8,862 .-History:Třeboň was established around the middle of the 12th century. In 1366 the House of Rožmberk become owner of the estate...
) - Maria Salome (born: 1 February 1563; died: 30 April 1600 in PfreimdPfreimdPfreimd is a town in the district of Schwandorf, in Bavaria, Germany. It is situated on the river Naab, 19 km north of Schwandorf, and 20 km south of Weiden in der Oberpfalz....
) - Son (born and died on 31 October 1565)