Blood squirt
Encyclopedia
Blood squirt is the effect when an artery
, a blood vessel in the human body
(or other organism's body), is cut
. Blood pressure
causes the blood to bleed
out at a rapid, intermittent rate, in a spray, squirt, gush or jet
, coinciding with the beating of the heart, rather than the slower, but steady flow of venous
bleeding. Also known as arterial bleeding, arterial spurting, or arterial gushing, the amount of blood loss can be copious, occur very rapidly, and can lead to death
.
To prevent hand
ischemia
, there is a "squirt test" that involves squirting blood from the radial artery
, which is used in intraoperative assessment of collateral arm blood flow before radial artery harvest
.
In 1933, a murder
trial
prompted a testimony from Dr. Clement Harrisse Arnold about how far blood could spurt from the neck: six inches vertically and 18 inches laterally.
, a self-decapitated Hindu goddess, is depicted
holding her head with three jets of blood spurting out of her bleeding neck, which are drunk by her severed head and two attendants. Saint Miliau, a Christian martyr killed c. 6th century AD, is sometimes represented holding his severed head, as in the retable of the Passion of the Christ at Lampaul-Guimiliau
, where blood gushes from his neck.
or spurt/squirt blood as a defense mechanism. Armored crickets, which are native to Namibia, South Africa, and Botswana, have a unique way of driving away predators: they spew vomit and spurt hemolymph
(the mollusk and arthropod version of blood) from under their legs and through slits in their exoskeleton. Katydids do it too; in fact, in Germany the species has acquired the nickname "blutspritzer", or "blood squirter". The regal horned lizard
, too, uses the blood-spewing tactic, shooting the substance from a pocket near its eyes.
One of the oriental rat flea mouth's two functions is to squirt partly digested blood into a bite.
/visual effect in theater, film (mostly horror
– particularly slasher
– and action
), television series (mostly horror and drama
), cartoons, anime
, comic book
s, and video games.
Cormac McCarthy's 1985 novel Blood Meridian, Or the Evening Redness in the West
includes a scene in which one of the two Jacksons decapitates the other by a campfire, leading to a graphically described blood spurt.
The 1991 film Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country has a scene where a Klingon gets shot (phasered) in zero gravity. The blood that spurts out of the Klingon's wounds was created using computer generated imagery (CGI); the animators had to make sure that the blood floated in a convincing manner while still looking interesting and not too gory. The effects artist looked at NASA
footage of floating water globules to match the physics of the blood particles.
Video games can use a particle system
to create blood squirt/splat/pool effects. The blood-gushing special effects in Mortal Kombat (1992) engendered controversy which only served to boost its popularity.
The 2010 television series Spartacus: Blood and Sand
has "geyser
s of blood [that] gush from the bodies of the newly dead" and "every blood spurt is filmed in slow motion
and stop-action".
Fictional serial killer Dexter Morgan works as a Blood Splatter specialist for Miami Metro
Artery
Arteries are blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart. This blood is normally oxygenated, exceptions made for the pulmonary and umbilical arteries....
, a blood vessel in the human body
Human body
The human body is the entire structure of a human organism, and consists of a head, neck, torso, two arms and two legs.By the time the human reaches adulthood, the body consists of close to 100 trillion cells, the basic unit of life...
(or other organism's body), is cut
Cutting
Cutting is the separation of a physical object, or a portion of a physical object, into two portions, through the application of an acutely directed force. An implement commonly used for cutting is the knife or in medical cases the scalpel...
. Blood pressure
Blood pressure
Blood pressure is the pressure exerted by circulating blood upon the walls of blood vessels, and is one of the principal vital signs. When used without further specification, "blood pressure" usually refers to the arterial pressure of the systemic circulation. During each heartbeat, BP varies...
causes the blood to bleed
Bleeding
Bleeding, technically known as hemorrhaging or haemorrhaging is the loss of blood or blood escape from the circulatory system...
out at a rapid, intermittent rate, in a spray, squirt, gush or jet
Jet (fluid)
A jet is an efflux of fluid that is projected into a surrounding medium, usually from some kind of a nozzle, aperture or orifice. Jets can travel long distances without dissipating...
, coinciding with the beating of the heart, rather than the slower, but steady flow of venous
Vein
In the circulatory system, veins are blood vessels that carry blood towards the heart. Most veins carry deoxygenated blood from the tissues back to the heart; exceptions are the pulmonary and umbilical veins, both of which carry oxygenated blood to the heart...
bleeding. Also known as arterial bleeding, arterial spurting, or arterial gushing, the amount of blood loss can be copious, occur very rapidly, and can lead to death
Exsanguination
Exsanguination is the fatal process of hypovolemia , to a degree sufficient enough to cause death. One does not have to lose literally all of one's blood to cause death...
.
Anatomy
In cut carotid arteries with 100ml of blood through the heart at each beat (at 65 beats a minute), a completely severed artery will spurt blood for about 30 seconds and the blood will not spurt much higher than the human head. If the artery is just nicked, on the other hand, the blood will spurt longer but will be coming out under pressure and spraying much further.To prevent hand
Hand
A hand is a prehensile, multi-fingered extremity located at the end of an arm or forelimb of primates such as humans, chimpanzees, monkeys, and lemurs...
ischemia
Ischemia
In medicine, ischemia is a restriction in blood supply, generally due to factors in the blood vessels, with resultant damage or dysfunction of tissue. It may also be spelled ischaemia or ischæmia...
, there is a "squirt test" that involves squirting blood from the radial artery
Radial artery
In human anatomy, the radial artery is the main blood vessel, with oxygenated blood, of the lateral aspect of the forearm.-Course:The radial artery arises from the bifurcation of the brachial artery in the cubital fossa. It runs distally on the anterior part of the forearm...
, which is used in intraoperative assessment of collateral arm blood flow before radial artery harvest
Organ harvesting
Organ harvesting refers to the removal, preservation and use of human organs and tissue from the bodies of the recently deceased to be used in surgical transplants on the living...
.
In 1933, a murder
Murder
Murder is the unlawful killing, with malice aforethought, of another human being, and generally this state of mind distinguishes murder from other forms of unlawful homicide...
trial
Trial (law)
In law, a trial is when parties to a dispute come together to present information in a tribunal, a formal setting with the authority to adjudicate claims or disputes. One form of tribunal is a court...
prompted a testimony from Dr. Clement Harrisse Arnold about how far blood could spurt from the neck: six inches vertically and 18 inches laterally.
Iconography
ChhinnamastaChhinnamasta
Chhinnamasta , often spelled Chinnamasta and also called Chhinnamastika and Prachanda Chandika, is one of the Mahavidyas, ten Tantric goddesses and a ferocious aspect of Devi, the Hindu Divine Mother. Chhinnamasta can be easily identified by her fearsome iconography. The self-decapitated goddess...
, a self-decapitated Hindu goddess, is depicted
Iconography
Iconography is the branch of art history which studies the identification, description, and the interpretation of the content of images. The word iconography literally means "image writing", and comes from the Greek "image" and "to write". A secondary meaning is the painting of icons in the...
holding her head with three jets of blood spurting out of her bleeding neck, which are drunk by her severed head and two attendants. Saint Miliau, a Christian martyr killed c. 6th century AD, is sometimes represented holding his severed head, as in the retable of the Passion of the Christ at Lampaul-Guimiliau
Lampaul-Guimiliau
Lampaul-Guimiliau is a commune in the Finistère department of Brittany in northwestern France.It is noted for its parish close.-Etymology:...
, where blood gushes from his neck.
Insects and animals
Some animals deliberately autohaemorrhageAutohaemorrhaging
Autohaemorrhaging or reflex bleeding is the action of animals deliberately ejecting haemolymph or blood from themselves. If the animal has toxic compounds in its blood then it may be an effective chemical defence mechanism....
or spurt/squirt blood as a defense mechanism. Armored crickets, which are native to Namibia, South Africa, and Botswana, have a unique way of driving away predators: they spew vomit and spurt hemolymph
Hemolymph
Hemolymph, or haemolymph, is a fluid in the circulatory system of some arthropods and is analogous to the fluids and cells making up both blood and interstitial fluid in vertebrates such as birds and mammals...
(the mollusk and arthropod version of blood) from under their legs and through slits in their exoskeleton. Katydids do it too; in fact, in Germany the species has acquired the nickname "blutspritzer", or "blood squirter". The regal horned lizard
Horned lizard
Horned lizards are a genus of lizards which are the type genus of the family Phrynosomatidae. The horned lizard is popularly called a "horned toad", "horny toad", or "horned frog", but it is neither a toad nor a frog. The popular names come from the lizard's rounded body and blunt snout, which...
, too, uses the blood-spewing tactic, shooting the substance from a pocket near its eyes.
One of the oriental rat flea mouth's two functions is to squirt partly digested blood into a bite.
Popular culture
Squirting blood is used as a specialSpecial effect
The illusions used in the film, television, theatre, or entertainment industries to simulate the imagined events in a story are traditionally called special effects ....
/visual effect in theater, film (mostly horror
Horror film
Horror films seek to elicit a negative emotional reaction from viewers by playing on the audience's most primal fears. They often feature scenes that startle the viewer through the means of macabre and the supernatural, thus frequently overlapping with the fantasy and science fiction genres...
– particularly slasher
Slasher film
A slasher film is a type of horror film typically involving a psychopathic killer stalking and killing a sequence of victims in a graphically violent manner, often with a cutting tool such as a knife or axe...
– and action
Action film
Action film is a film genre where one or more heroes is thrust into a series of challenges that require physical feats, extended fights and frenetic chases...
), television series (mostly horror and drama
Drama
Drama is the specific mode of fiction represented in performance. The term comes from a Greek word meaning "action" , which is derived from "to do","to act" . The enactment of drama in theatre, performed by actors on a stage before an audience, presupposes collaborative modes of production and a...
), cartoons, anime
Anime
is the Japanese abbreviated pronunciation of "animation". The definition sometimes changes depending on the context. In English-speaking countries, the term most commonly refers to Japanese animated cartoons....
, comic book
Comic book
A comic book or comicbook is a magazine made up of comics, narrative artwork in the form of separate panels that represent individual scenes, often accompanied by dialog as well as including...
s, and video games.
Cormac McCarthy's 1985 novel Blood Meridian, Or the Evening Redness in the West
Blood Meridian, or the Evening Redness in the West
Blood Meridian or the Evening Redness in the West is a 1985 Western novel by American author Cormac McCarthy. McCarthy's fifth book, it was published by Random House....
includes a scene in which one of the two Jacksons decapitates the other by a campfire, leading to a graphically described blood spurt.
The 1991 film Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country has a scene where a Klingon gets shot (phasered) in zero gravity. The blood that spurts out of the Klingon's wounds was created using computer generated imagery (CGI); the animators had to make sure that the blood floated in a convincing manner while still looking interesting and not too gory. The effects artist looked at NASA
NASA
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is the agency of the United States government that is responsible for the nation's civilian space program and for aeronautics and aerospace research...
footage of floating water globules to match the physics of the blood particles.
Video games can use a particle system
Particle system
The term particle system refers to a computer graphics technique to simulate certain fuzzy phenomena, which are otherwise very hard to reproduce with conventional rendering techniques...
to create blood squirt/splat/pool effects. The blood-gushing special effects in Mortal Kombat (1992) engendered controversy which only served to boost its popularity.
The 2010 television series Spartacus: Blood and Sand
Spartacus: Blood and Sand
Spartacus: Blood and Sand is a Starz television series that premiered on January 22, 2010. The series is inspired by the historical figure of Spartacus , a Thracian gladiator who from 73 to 71 BC led a major slave uprising against the Roman Republic. Executive producers Steven S...
has "geyser
Geyser
A geyser is a spring characterized by intermittent discharge of water ejected turbulently and accompanied by a vapour phase . The word geyser comes from Geysir, the name of an erupting spring at Haukadalur, Iceland; that name, in turn, comes from the Icelandic verb geysa, "to gush", the verb...
s of blood [that] gush from the bodies of the newly dead" and "every blood spurt is filmed in slow motion
Slow motion
Slow motion is an effect in film-making whereby time appears to be slowed down. It was invented by the Austrian priest August Musger....
and stop-action".
Fictional serial killer Dexter Morgan works as a Blood Splatter specialist for Miami Metro
See also
- Bodily mutilation in film#Blood
- Theatrical bloodTheatrical bloodTheatrical blood or stage blood is anything used as a substitute for blood in a theatrical or cinematic performance. For example, in the special effects industry, when a director needs to simulate an actor being shot or cut, a wide variety of chemicals and natural products can be used...
- Bloodstain pattern analysisBloodstain pattern analysisBloodstain pattern analysis is one of several specialties in the field of forensic science. The use of bloodstains as evidence is not new; however, the application of modern science has brought it to a higher level...
, in forensic science - Spurt of Blood, a 1925 French surreal play
- Blading (professional wrestling)Blading (professional wrestling)In professional wrestling, blading is the practice of intentionally cutting oneself to provoke bleeding. It is also known as juicing, gigging, or drawing color. Similarly, a blade is an object used for blading, and a bladejob is a specific act of blading...
External links
- Video - Freak of Nature: Blood-Squirting Lizard at National Geographic