Bogor Botanical Gardens
Encyclopedia
Jakarta
Jakarta is the capital and largest city of Indonesia. Officially known as the Special Capital Territory of Jakarta, it is located on the northwest coast of Java, has an area of , and a population of 9,580,000. Jakarta is the country's economic, cultural and political centre...
in Bogor
Bogor
Bogor is a city on the island of Java in the West Java province of Indonesia. The city is located in the center of the Bogor Regency , 60 kilometers south of the Indonesian capital Jakarta...
, Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia , officially the Republic of Indonesia , is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia is an archipelago comprising approximately 13,000 islands. It has 33 provinces with over 238 million people, and is the world's fourth most populous country. Indonesia is a republic, with an...
. The botanical gardens are situated in the city center of Bogor and adjoin the Istana Bogor
Istana Bogor
Istana Bogor is one of 6 Presidential Palaces in Indonesia. The palace is noted for its distinctive architectural, historical, features, as well as the adjoining botanical gardens. Istana Bogor was opened to the public in 1968 to public tour groups , with the permission of the then President of...
(Presidential Palace). The gardens cover more than 80 hectare
Hectare
The hectare is a metric unit of area defined as 10,000 square metres , and primarily used in the measurement of land. In 1795, when the metric system was introduced, the are was defined as being 100 square metres and the hectare was thus 100 ares or 1/100 km2...
s and was built by Java's Dutch Governor-General Gustaaf Willem, Baron van Imhoff who was governor of Java at the time.
The extensive grounds of the presidential palace were converted into the gardens by the German-born Dutch botanist, Professor Casper George Carl Reinwardt
Caspar Georg Carl Reinwardt
Caspar Georg Carl Reinwardt was a Prussian-born Dutch botanist.Reinwardt was the founder and first director of agriculture of the botanic garden at Bogor in Java...
. The gardens officially opened in 1817 as 's Lands Plantentuin ('National Botanical Garden') and were used to research and develop plants and seeds from other parts of the Indonesian archipelago
Malay Archipelago
The Malay Archipelago refers to the archipelago between mainland Southeastern Asia and Australia. The name was derived from the anachronistic concept of a Malay race....
for cultivation during the 19th century. This is a tradition that continues today and contributes to the garden's reputation as a major center for botanical research
Botany
Botany, plant science, or plant biology is a branch of biology that involves the scientific study of plant life. Traditionally, botany also included the study of fungi, algae and viruses...
.
Today the garden contains more than 15,000 species of trees and plants located among streams and lotus ponds. There are 400 types of exceptional palms to be found along the extensive lawns and avenues, helping the gardens create a refuge for more than 50 different varieties of birds and for groups of bats roosting high in the trees. The bats can be easily detected by the noise they make while competing for space under the canopies. The orchid houses contain some 3000 varieties. In 1862, the Cibodas Botanical Gardens were founded as an extension of the Bogor garden at Cibodas
Cibodas
Cibodas is a subdistrict of Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia....
, approximately 45 kilometers to the southeast of Bogor.
It has been used during APEC summits which formalised the Bogor Declaration Papers. This meeting was attended by sixty world leaders. They wore Indonesian batik shirts made by Iwan Tirta. The meeting was held for 5 days.
Amorphophallus titanum
Bogor Botanical Garden has five Amorphophallus titanum plants in its collections, all from Pagar AlamPagar Alam
Pagaralam is a city in South Sumatra, Indonesia. It has an area of 633.66 km² and a population of 118,904 .Pagaralam is bounded by Bengkulu Provice to the south, Subdistrict of Jarai to the north, subdistrict of Kota Agung to the east and Subdistrict of Tanjung Sakti to the...
, South Sumatra
South Sumatra
South Sumatra is a province of Indonesia.-Geography:It is on the island of Sumatra, and borders the provinces of Lampung to the south, Bengkulu to the west, and Jambi to the north...
. This represents the greatest number of specimens among botanical gardens. The latest flowering events took place in January 2011 and on July 3, 2011.
Directors of the garden
- 1817–1822 : Caspar Georg Carl ReinwardtCaspar Georg Carl ReinwardtCaspar Georg Carl Reinwardt was a Prussian-born Dutch botanist.Reinwardt was the founder and first director of agriculture of the botanic garden at Bogor in Java...
(1773–1854) - 1823–1826 : Carl Ludwig BlumeCarl Ludwig BlumeCharles Ludwig de Blume or Karl Ludwig von Blume was a German-Dutch botanist.He was born at Braunschweig in Germany, but studied at Leiden University and spent his professional life working in the Dutch East Indies and in the Netherlands, where he was Director of the Rijksherbarium at Leiden...
(1789–1862) - 1830–1869 : Johannes Elias TeijsmannJohannes Elias TeijsmannJohannes Elias Teijsmann was a botanist and plant collector. He was born in Arnhem, Netherlands.Teijsmann travelled to Java in 1830 as Gardener of Governor General van den Bosch. He was appointed the Curator of the Buitenzorg Botanic Gardens the following year, a post he held until 1869...
(1808–1882) - 1869–1880 : Rudolph Herman Christiaan Carel Scheffer (1844–1880)
- 1880–1910 : Melchior TreubMelchior TreubMelchior Treub was a Dutch botanist who was born in Voorschoten. In 1873 he graduated from the University of Leiden, and afterwards remained in Leiden as a botanical assistant. From 1880 until 1909 he was a botanist in the Dutch East Indies.Treub is remembered for his botanical work with tropical...
(1851–1910) - 1910–1918 : J.C. Koningsberger
- 1918–1932 : Willem Marius Docters van Leeuwen (1880–1960)
- 1932–1939 : K.W. Dammerman
- 1939–1940 : L.G.M. Baas Becking
- 1940–1941 : T.H. Honert
- 1941–1943 : D.F. van Slooten
- 1943–1945 : Takenosin Nakai (1882–1952)
- 1946–1948 : L.G.M. Baas Becking
- 1948–1949 : Dirk Fok van Slooten (1891–1953)
- 1949–1959 : Kusnoto Setyodiwirjo
- 1959–1969 : Soedjana Kassan
- 1969–1981 : Didin Sastrapradja
- 1981–1983 : Made Sri Prana
- 1983–1987 : Usep Sutisna
- 1987–1990 : Sampurno Kadarsan
- 1990–? : Suhirman