Butylene
Encyclopedia
In chemistry
, butylene may be an alternate name for the hydrocarbon
butene, . It is also a divalent
functional group
with formula 2• that can be seen as the result of removing two hydrogen
atoms from a butane
molecule, leaving two free bonds
.
There are several isomer
s of butylene, depending on the starting isomer of butane and the positions of the free bonds:
Chemistry
Chemistry is the science of matter, especially its chemical reactions, but also its composition, structure and properties. Chemistry is concerned with atoms and their interactions with other atoms, and particularly with the properties of chemical bonds....
, butylene may be an alternate name for the hydrocarbon
Hydrocarbon
In organic chemistry, a hydrocarbon is an organic compound consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon. Hydrocarbons from which one hydrogen atom has been removed are functional groups, called hydrocarbyls....
butene, . It is also a divalent
Valence (chemistry)
In chemistry, valence, also known as valency or valence number, is a measure of the number of bonds formed by an atom of a given element. "Valence" can be defined as the number of valence bonds...
functional group
Functional group
In organic chemistry, functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. The same functional group will undergo the same or similar chemical reaction regardless of the size of the molecule it is a part of...
with formula 2• that can be seen as the result of removing two hydrogen
Hydrogen
Hydrogen is the chemical element with atomic number 1. It is represented by the symbol H. With an average atomic weight of , hydrogen is the lightest and most abundant chemical element, constituting roughly 75% of the Universe's chemical elemental mass. Stars in the main sequence are mainly...
atoms from a butane
Butane
Butane is a gas with the formula C4H10 that is an alkane with four carbon atoms. The term may refer to any of two structural isomers, or to a mixture of them: in the IUPAC nomenclature, however, butane refers only to the unbranched n-butane isomer; the other one being called "methylpropane" or...
molecule, leaving two free bonds
Covalent bond
A covalent bond is a form of chemical bonding that is characterized by the sharing of pairs of electrons between atoms. The stable balance of attractive and repulsive forces between atoms when they share electrons is known as covalent bonding....
.
There are several isomer
Isomer
In chemistry, isomers are compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formulas. Isomers do not necessarily share similar properties, unless they also have the same functional groups. There are many different classes of isomers, like stereoisomers, enantiomers, geometrical...
s of butylene, depending on the starting isomer of butane and the positions of the free bonds:
- From straight-chain butane (n-butane):
- 1,1-Butylene
- 1,2-Butylene
- 2,2-butylene
- 1,3-Butylene
- 2,3-Butylene (which has two stereoisomers, cis and trans)
- 1,4-Butylene
- From branched butane (isobutane, methylpropane):
- 1,1-Isobutylene
- 1,2-Isobutylene
- 1,3-Isobutylene