Caritas in Veritate
Encyclopedia
Caritas in Veritate is the third encyclical
of Pope Benedict XVI
and his first social encyclical. It was signed on June 29, 2009, and was published on July 7, 2009. It was initially published in Italian, English, French, German, Polish, Portuguese, and Spanish.
The encyclical is concerned with the problems of global development and progress towards the common good, arguing that both Love and Truth are essential elements of an effective response. The work is addressed to all strata of global society – there are specific points aimed at political leaders, business leaders, religious leaders, financiers and aid agencies but the work as a whole is also addressed to all people of good will.
The encyclical contains detailed reflection on economic and social issues and problems. The Pope points out that the Church does not offer specific technical solutions, but rather moral principles to inform the building of such solutions. The economic themes include an attack on free market fundamentalism, though a simplistic polarization of the free market model versus interventionist big government solutions is rejected. There is emphasis on the need for the actions of all economic actors to be informed by ethics as well as the profit motive. Other areas discussed include hunger, the environment, migration, sexual tourism, bioethics, cultural relativism, social solidarity, energy and population issues.
's 1967 encyclical Populorum progressio
, which he describes as the "Rerum Novarum
of its day" Benedict goes on to recognise he is echoing the principle theme of Populorum progressio in calling for people to strive for greater development with all their hearts and minds. He says the Christian is called on to engage politically for the benefit of other people in so far as he or she is able, and equally to love and help their neighbours on an individual level.
Benedict warns of dangers arising from unbalanced growth and from those pursuing profit purely for its own sake, without seeing profit as a means to do good. He discusses increasing inequality, including new groups of poor emerging even in rich nations. The pope says globalisation has in part given rise to damaging cultural eclecticism and levelling. Addressing political leaders, Benedict says that "The primary capital to be safeguarded is man" and suggests that reducing prolonged unemployment should be a high priority as it causes "great psychological and spiritual suffering." He goes on to discuss the suffering caused in the underdeveloped world by food shortages, saying that to feed the hungry is an ethical imperative. The Pope considers a number of trends harmful to development: the prevalence of corruption in both poor and rich countries, the existence of harmful speculative capital flows, the tendency for development aid to be "diverted from it proper ends due to irresponsible actions", the "unregulated exploitation of the earths resources", and "on the part of rich countries there is excessive zeal for protecting knowledge through an unduly rigid assertion of the right to intellectual property, especially in the field of health care." While acknowledging that organised religion is not always an entirely positive influence, the Pope warns of the danger of state imposed atheism, which he says deprives citizens of the moral and spiritual strength needed for genuine development and to respond generously to divine love. He emphasises that successfully resolving the various global challenges will need Love as well as knowledge: "the individual who is animated by true charity labours skilfully to discover the causes of misery, to find the means to combat it, to overcome it resolutely".
– "the most effective antidote against any form of all-encompassing welfare state." While welcoming the role of different cultures and faiths in fostering cooperation for human development, the Pope advises discernment is needed so folk can avoid dangerous ideologies and religions that encourage people to cut themselves off from communion with others. He says religion must play a part in political discussion, so there can be a fruitful dialogue between faith and reason. The Pope cautions against secularism and fundamentalism, both of which make such dialogue difficult.
Moving on to economic aid from developed to less developed states, Benedict states that the preeminent sort of help needed is increased access to the markets of developed countries. He also says developed countries should allocate an increased proportion of their budgets to foreign aid. There is a discussion concerning an ethical response to international tourism and to the "epoch making" phenomena of migration – Benedict reminds us that every migrant is a person possessing inalienable rights "that must be respected by everyone and in every circumstance." In the last part of the chapter, the Pope returns to poverty, discussing the great harm caused by unemployment, and how the issue can be responded to not just by government but by financiers, microfinance, labour unions and consumers. He suggests increased "regulation of the financial sector" is needed to safeguard vulnerable parties.
The chapter ends with a call for an establishment of an effective global authority "to manage the global economy; to revive economies hit by the crisis; to avoid any deterioration of the present crisis and the greater imbalances that would result." The Pope wishes to see reform and strengthening of the United Nations
and the international monetary system
, including for poorer nations to be given a louder voice on international bodies.
The encyclical was drafted during Benedict's July 2007 holiday at Lorenzago di Cadore
in Italy's Dolomite
mountains and was inspired in part by Paul VI's Populorum Progressio. It was originally planned for 2007 to mark Populorum Progressio's 40th anniversary, but publication was delayed.
A final draft was produced for translation in March 2008. Translation difficulties caused further delays in publication. It was reported that the translation hold was related to one of the major languages of China. Vatican Secretary of State Tarcisio Bertone said that the encyclical would be released sometime in the Fall of 2008.
In December 2008, a release was announced for 19 March 2009. One month later, a May 1 release date was announced. These third and fourth delays were reported by Vatican officials to be due to the necessity for further reflection upon the global economic concerns of late 2008 and early 2009. Regarding this delay, much attention was given to a 1985 essay presented in Rome by Benedict (then Josef cardinal Ratzinger) at a symposium on "Church and Economy in Dialogue.", entitled Market Economy and Ethics. Speaking on social values and the common good, Ratzinger had predicted greed and corruption in economic polices would inject a fundamental instability into the global economic system.
On February 1, 2009 it was announced that the encyclical would be released sometime in April 2009.
Commenting upon the repeated delay of Caritas in Vertate, Rt. Rev. Giampaolo Crepaldi, president of the Osservatorio Internazionale: sulla dottrina sociale della Chiesa, wrote an article entitled "Awaiting the New Encyclical of Benedict XVI: What does it mean to say the social doctrine of the Church is timely?" He writes,
On April 23, 2009, during a conference on globalization held at the Gregorian University in Rome, Vatican cardinal Renato Martino, president of the Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace, said that Pope Benedict XVI's third encyclical "on globalization and the poor" is expected to be released June 29, 2009 – the feast of Sts. Peter and Paul.
On May 28, 2009, an unnamed Vatican official is reported to have said that
On the day of the actual release, July 27, 2009, the Financial Times
reported the final publication had been delayed to coincide with the G8 summit in Italy
reported that the encyclical helped influence discussion at the July 2009 G8 Summit
in Italy
, as the Vatican had planned. The summit resulted in a reported additional US$5 billion being allocated to combat hunger, which was one of the principal problems dealt with by the encylical. German Chancellor Angela Merkel
, who had criticised the Pope earlier in the year, welcomed the work, saying "Pope Benedict has encouraged the state leaders to create rules so that this sort of worldwide economic crisis isn't repeated," and "I also saw this as an order to work toward a social market economy in the world."
In addition to political leaders, the encyclical has sparked much discussion among senior business leaders and bankers – for example at a private seminar held in London and devoted to discussing the relevance of Charity in Truth, attended by guests such as Barclays chairman Marcus Agius
, HSBC
chairman Stephen Green
, Lloyds chairman Sir Win Bischoff
, Goldman Sachs
vice-chairman Lord Griffiths
and CBI
chairman Helen Alexander
.
Caritas in Veritate has been welcomed by Catholics,
by Protestant Christians,
by Muslims
and by secular sources such as The Times
.
The work has also attracted criticism. Secularists in Italy did not appreciate intervention by the Pope in worldly affairs. Catholic capitalists have been disturbed by some of the left-leaning themes and the call for a stronger world political authority. Writing for the Irish Times, Dr. Tina Beatti praised the encyclical for its insightful comments on the economic crises. But she went on to suggest the Catholic idealisation of sexuality hinted at in the encyclical may be part of the cause of child abuse scandals that have recently rocked Ireland
. Dr. Beatti points out that the church's high ideals "fail to distinguish between the good, the not so good and the downright bad, so that everything short of perfection stands equally condemned." She also deplores the encyclicals "apparent indifference to the suffering of sexual bodies..... it makes no mention of HIV/AIDS and it is silent on questions of maternal mortality and women's reproductive health, despite the fact that an estimated 536,000 women die every year from causes relating to pregnancy and childbirth, 99 per cent of them in developing countries. These are startling omissions."
s are based around similar beliefs. In the English Cathedral
city of Salisbury
, Bishop Wordsworth's School
uses a similar mantra
, "Veritas in Caritate".
Encyclical
An encyclical was originally a circular letter sent to all the churches of a particular area in the ancient Catholic Church. At that time, the word could be used for a letter sent out by any bishop...
of Pope Benedict XVI
Pope Benedict XVI
Benedict XVI is the 265th and current Pope, by virtue of his office of Bishop of Rome, the Sovereign of the Vatican City State and the leader of the Catholic Church as well as the other 22 sui iuris Eastern Catholic Churches in full communion with the Holy See...
and his first social encyclical. It was signed on June 29, 2009, and was published on July 7, 2009. It was initially published in Italian, English, French, German, Polish, Portuguese, and Spanish.
The encyclical is concerned with the problems of global development and progress towards the common good, arguing that both Love and Truth are essential elements of an effective response. The work is addressed to all strata of global society – there are specific points aimed at political leaders, business leaders, religious leaders, financiers and aid agencies but the work as a whole is also addressed to all people of good will.
The encyclical contains detailed reflection on economic and social issues and problems. The Pope points out that the Church does not offer specific technical solutions, but rather moral principles to inform the building of such solutions. The economic themes include an attack on free market fundamentalism, though a simplistic polarization of the free market model versus interventionist big government solutions is rejected. There is emphasis on the need for the actions of all economic actors to be informed by ethics as well as the profit motive. Other areas discussed include hunger, the environment, migration, sexual tourism, bioethics, cultural relativism, social solidarity, energy and population issues.
Introduction
The encyclical begins with a discussion of how charity and truth are fundamental parts of our development, both as individuals and for humanity as a whole. Love (charity) is described as an extraordinary force motivating people to strive for the common good: "The more we strive to secure a common good corresponding to the real needs of our neighbours, the more effectively we love them." The Pope emphasises that while charity is "at the heart of the Church's social doctrine", it must be linked to truth if it is to remain a force for good. Without truth, love can become an "empty shell" to be filled with emotional influences which in the worst case can result in love turning into its opposite. Similarly, social action without truth can end up "serving private interests and the logic of power". Another risk for the individual without truth is to fall prey to an excessively sceptical and empirical view of life. The Pope pays tribute to Pope Paul VIPope Paul VI
Paul VI , born Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini , reigned as Pope of the Catholic Church from 21 June 1963 until his death on 6 August 1978. Succeeding Pope John XXIII, who had convened the Second Vatican Council, he decided to continue it...
's 1967 encyclical Populorum progressio
Populorum Progressio
Populorum progressio is the encyclical written by Pope Paul VI on the topic of "the development of peoples" and that the economy of the world should serve mankind and not just the few...
, which he describes as the "Rerum Novarum
Rerum Novarum
Rerum Novarum is an encyclical issued by Pope Leo XIII on May 15, 1891. It was an open letter, passed to all Catholic bishops, that addressed the condition of the working classes. The encyclical is entitled: “Rights and Duties of Capital and Labour”...
of its day" Benedict goes on to recognise he is echoing the principle theme of Populorum progressio in calling for people to strive for greater development with all their hearts and minds. He says the Christian is called on to engage politically for the benefit of other people in so far as he or she is able, and equally to love and help their neighbours on an individual level.
Chapter 1: The message of Populorum progressio
Chapter 1 continues the discussion of Populorum progressio, illustrating how it fits in both with Pope Paul VI's overall magisterium and with the broader tradition of Catholic teachings. Benedict recounts how the earlier encyclical taught that institutions designed to hasten social development are not by themselves sufficient to ensure good outcomes. He reminds us that Paul VI advised the chief causes of enduring poverty are not material in nature, but lie in failures of the will and "the lack of brotherhood among individuals and peoples". He asserts that people working for the benefit of others need their own individual sense of vocation, which is derived in part from the Bible and the life of Christ. Benedict states that while reason alone can identify inequality and while globalisation has made us neighbours, neither can establish the sense of fraternity which flows from God's love. The holy father introduces a theme concerning the importance in tackling hunger which reoccurs later in the work, using a quote from Populorum progressio: "the peoples in hunger are making a dramatic appeal to the peoples blessed with abundance".Chapter 2: human development in our time
The Pope describes globalisation as the main feature of the current age. While acknowledging the great benefits delivered, including the emergence from underdevelopment of whole regions and nations, the Pope warns globalisation has already created many new problems and that without the influence of charity and truth, it could cause "unprecedented damage and create new divisions within the human family".Benedict warns of dangers arising from unbalanced growth and from those pursuing profit purely for its own sake, without seeing profit as a means to do good. He discusses increasing inequality, including new groups of poor emerging even in rich nations. The pope says globalisation has in part given rise to damaging cultural eclecticism and levelling. Addressing political leaders, Benedict says that "The primary capital to be safeguarded is man" and suggests that reducing prolonged unemployment should be a high priority as it causes "great psychological and spiritual suffering." He goes on to discuss the suffering caused in the underdeveloped world by food shortages, saying that to feed the hungry is an ethical imperative. The Pope considers a number of trends harmful to development: the prevalence of corruption in both poor and rich countries, the existence of harmful speculative capital flows, the tendency for development aid to be "diverted from it proper ends due to irresponsible actions", the "unregulated exploitation of the earths resources", and "on the part of rich countries there is excessive zeal for protecting knowledge through an unduly rigid assertion of the right to intellectual property, especially in the field of health care." While acknowledging that organised religion is not always an entirely positive influence, the Pope warns of the danger of state imposed atheism, which he says deprives citizens of the moral and spiritual strength needed for genuine development and to respond generously to divine love. He emphasises that successfully resolving the various global challenges will need Love as well as knowledge: "the individual who is animated by true charity labours skilfully to discover the causes of misery, to find the means to combat it, to overcome it resolutely".
Chapter 3: fraternity, economic development and civil society
The third chapter focuses on gratuity – how giving and receiving gifts reflects God's nature and how it helps builds communities. Benedict states civil society is the most natural setting for gratuitousness, but that gratuity is also needed in the operations of the State and the Market. With reference to the financial crisis of 2007-2008, Benedict argues against a market economy where economic agents act purely out of self interest – he says that commercial logic alone cannot solve all of society's problems. The Pope states there is both a moral and economic case to conclude that "in commercial relationships the principles of gratuitousness and the logic of gift as an expression of gratuitousness can and must find their place within normal economic activity". He argues that giving fosters a sense of justice, responsibly and sense of the common good amongst different economic actors. The Pope emphasises the call in Populorum progression for the creation of a market model where "all will be able to give and receive". He states everyone, including business managers and investors, should base their decision partly on an awareness of how their actions will effect progress towards global solidarity.Chapter 4: the development of people, rights and duties, the environment.
Here the Pope dwells at length on the concept that rights must be linked to duties. Too much focus on ones own rights can lead people to believing they owe nothing to anyone but themselves, to making insistent demands that one's own rights are promoted by public authorities even when they are harmful, such as the "right to excess" or to choose vice. This can lead to the whole notion of rights being weakened and even core rights being violated. Benedict argues that core rights are safest when everyone accepts they have a duty to respect other people's development and rights. The Pope turns to duties of governments, which should strive to look after the deep moral needs of their citizens and to promote ethical economic systems where actors look to maximise not just profits but also the common good. The last part of the chapter is about the duty to protect the environment, though the Pope also warns that nature should not be regarded as more important than man. He regrets the way "some states, power groups and companies hoard non–renewable energy resources" which he says "represents a grave obstacle to development in poor countries". Benedict notes the importance for developed countries to take the lead in reducing their own environmental impact, which may involve in the adoption of new, more environmentally friendly life styles for their populations.Chapter 5: the cooperation of the human family
In this chapter, Benedict discusses the importance for individuals to live in communion with each other. He states "the development of peoples depend above all on a recognition that the human race is a single family". The Pope suggests isolation is one of the causes of various forms of poverty, including self inflicted isolation where the individual elects to withdraw from society. Solidarity and fraternity are antidotes to isolation, and also essential for effective development. The Pope suggests that in addition to solidarity, attention needs to be paid to the principle of subsidiaritySubsidiarity (Catholicism)
Subsidiarity is an organizing principle that matters ought to be handled by the smallest, lowest or least centralized competent authority. Political decisions should be taken at a local level if possible, rather than by a central authority...
– "the most effective antidote against any form of all-encompassing welfare state." While welcoming the role of different cultures and faiths in fostering cooperation for human development, the Pope advises discernment is needed so folk can avoid dangerous ideologies and religions that encourage people to cut themselves off from communion with others. He says religion must play a part in political discussion, so there can be a fruitful dialogue between faith and reason. The Pope cautions against secularism and fundamentalism, both of which make such dialogue difficult.
Moving on to economic aid from developed to less developed states, Benedict states that the preeminent sort of help needed is increased access to the markets of developed countries. He also says developed countries should allocate an increased proportion of their budgets to foreign aid. There is a discussion concerning an ethical response to international tourism and to the "epoch making" phenomena of migration – Benedict reminds us that every migrant is a person possessing inalienable rights "that must be respected by everyone and in every circumstance." In the last part of the chapter, the Pope returns to poverty, discussing the great harm caused by unemployment, and how the issue can be responded to not just by government but by financiers, microfinance, labour unions and consumers. He suggests increased "regulation of the financial sector" is needed to safeguard vulnerable parties.
The chapter ends with a call for an establishment of an effective global authority "to manage the global economy; to revive economies hit by the crisis; to avoid any deterioration of the present crisis and the greater imbalances that would result." The Pope wishes to see reform and strengthening of the United Nations
United Nations
The United Nations is an international organization whose stated aims are facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and achievement of world peace...
and the international monetary system
International monetary systems
International monetary systems are sets of internationally agreed rules, conventions and supporting institutions that facilitate international trade, cross border investment and generally the reallocation of capital between nation states. They provide means of payment acceptable between buyers and...
, including for poorer nations to be given a louder voice on international bodies.
Chapter 6: the development of peoples and technology
The Pope praises the benefits of technology but warns that a purely technocrat mindset where decisions are made only on grounds of efficiency will not deliver true development. Technical decisions must not be divorced from ethics. Benedict discusses bioethics and suggests that practices such as abortion, eugenics and euthanasia are morally hazardous and that accepting them can lead to greater tolerance for various forms of moral degradation. He turns to another consequence of the technocratic mindset, the viewing of people's personalities in purely psychological terms at the exclusion of the spiritual, which he says can lead to people feeling empty and abandoned even in prosperous societies. Benedict says there is something miraculous in every act of knowledge. Love which is so essential to human development can not be fully appreciated from a materialistic perspective, but only with awareness of the spiritual dimension.Conclusion
The Pope reiterates his belief that charity and truth are essential for integral human development, both for the individual and for peoples. An awareness of God's love "gives us the courage to continue seeking and working for the benefit of all" despite difficulties. The conclusion ends with a prayer to the Virgin Mary to intercede with God that all may be granted strength and generosity for the task of bringing about the "development of the whole man and of all men."Preparation and publication delays
Lorenzago di Cadore
Lorenzago di Cadore is a comune in the Province of Belluno in the Italian region Veneto, located about 120 km north of Venice and about 45 km northeast of Belluno...
in Italy's Dolomite
Dolomites
The Dolomites are a mountain range located in north-eastern Italy. It is a part of Southern Limestone Alps and extends from the River Adige in the west to the Piave Valley in the east. The northern and southern borders are defined by the Puster Valley and the Sugana Valley...
mountains and was inspired in part by Paul VI's Populorum Progressio. It was originally planned for 2007 to mark Populorum Progressio's 40th anniversary, but publication was delayed.
A final draft was produced for translation in March 2008. Translation difficulties caused further delays in publication. It was reported that the translation hold was related to one of the major languages of China. Vatican Secretary of State Tarcisio Bertone said that the encyclical would be released sometime in the Fall of 2008.
In December 2008, a release was announced for 19 March 2009. One month later, a May 1 release date was announced. These third and fourth delays were reported by Vatican officials to be due to the necessity for further reflection upon the global economic concerns of late 2008 and early 2009. Regarding this delay, much attention was given to a 1985 essay presented in Rome by Benedict (then Josef cardinal Ratzinger) at a symposium on "Church and Economy in Dialogue.", entitled Market Economy and Ethics. Speaking on social values and the common good, Ratzinger had predicted greed and corruption in economic polices would inject a fundamental instability into the global economic system.
On February 1, 2009 it was announced that the encyclical would be released sometime in April 2009.
Commenting upon the repeated delay of Caritas in Vertate, Rt. Rev. Giampaolo Crepaldi, president of the Osservatorio Internazionale: sulla dottrina sociale della Chiesa, wrote an article entitled "Awaiting the New Encyclical of Benedict XVI: What does it mean to say the social doctrine of the Church is timely?" He writes,
The "timeliness" of an encyclical does not merely depend on the new social problems or issues it addresses. Were this the case, establishing the timeliness of Benedict XVI's upcoming social encyclical would merely be a question of listing the social issues it tackles and then checking which and how many of them were not touched upon in previous encyclicals. That, however, is not the way it is, for the simple reason that a social encyclical is not a sociological investigation.
It therefore becomes clear that the "timeliness" of SDC stems not only from the new facts humanity has to deal with, but from the Gospel itself, which, insofar as Word incarnate, is always new. New facts and developments in history can act as a stimulus for a re-reading of everlasting truth, because everlasting truth is essentially open to such an endeavor. Were this not true, each encyclical would speak only to the men and women of its time. Present in the Church's social doctrine is an inexhaustible and irreducible element of prophecy bestowed upon it by the Gospel. Christ is ever timely, and let us not forget that the social doctrine of the Church is "announcement of Christ".
On April 23, 2009, during a conference on globalization held at the Gregorian University in Rome, Vatican cardinal Renato Martino, president of the Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace, said that Pope Benedict XVI's third encyclical "on globalization and the poor" is expected to be released June 29, 2009 – the feast of Sts. Peter and Paul.
On May 28, 2009, an unnamed Vatican official is reported to have said that
Pope Benedict XVI has completed his long-awaited encyclical on social issues and the text is now being translated into several languages, according to a Vatican official. The new document – Caritas in Veritate ("Love in truth") – is about 100 pages long, the official said. Originally planned for 2007 to mark the 40th anniversary of Pope Paul VI's landmark social encyclical Populorum Progressio, the new papal document suffered a succession of delays as the current global economic crisis unfolded.
On the day of the actual release, July 27, 2009, the Financial Times
Financial Times
The Financial Times is an international business newspaper. It is a morning daily newspaper published in London and printed in 24 cities around the world. Its primary rival is the Wall Street Journal, published in New York City....
reported the final publication had been delayed to coincide with the G8 summit in Italy
35th G8 summit
The 35th G8 summit took place in the city of L'Aquila, Abruzzo, on July 8–10, 2009. It was moved from the Sardinian seaside city of La Maddalena as part of an attempt to redistribute disaster funds after the 2009 L'Aquila earthquake.....
Reception and impact
The Financial TimesFinancial Times
The Financial Times is an international business newspaper. It is a morning daily newspaper published in London and printed in 24 cities around the world. Its primary rival is the Wall Street Journal, published in New York City....
reported that the encyclical helped influence discussion at the July 2009 G8 Summit
35th G8 summit
The 35th G8 summit took place in the city of L'Aquila, Abruzzo, on July 8–10, 2009. It was moved from the Sardinian seaside city of La Maddalena as part of an attempt to redistribute disaster funds after the 2009 L'Aquila earthquake.....
in Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
, as the Vatican had planned. The summit resulted in a reported additional US$5 billion being allocated to combat hunger, which was one of the principal problems dealt with by the encylical. German Chancellor Angela Merkel
Angela Merkel
Angela Dorothea Merkel is the current Chancellor of Germany . Merkel, elected to the Bundestag from Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, has been the chairwoman of the Christian Democratic Union since 2000, and chairwoman of the CDU-CSU parliamentary coalition from 2002 to 2005.From 2005 to 2009 she led a...
, who had criticised the Pope earlier in the year, welcomed the work, saying "Pope Benedict has encouraged the state leaders to create rules so that this sort of worldwide economic crisis isn't repeated," and "I also saw this as an order to work toward a social market economy in the world."
In addition to political leaders, the encyclical has sparked much discussion among senior business leaders and bankers – for example at a private seminar held in London and devoted to discussing the relevance of Charity in Truth, attended by guests such as Barclays chairman Marcus Agius
Marcus Agius
Marcus Ambrose Paul Agius is a British financier and businessman, currently the Chairman of Barclays. He has also been appointed the senior non-executive director on the BBC's new executive board.-Biography:...
, HSBC
HSBC
HSBC Holdings plc is a global banking and financial services company headquartered in Canary Wharf, London, United Kingdom. it is the world's second-largest banking and financial services group and second-largest public company according to a composite measure by Forbes magazine...
chairman Stephen Green
Stephen Green (banker)
Stephen Keith Green, Baron Green of Hurstpierpoint is a British Conservative politician the current Minister of State for Trade and Investment and former Group Chairman of HSBC Holdings plc...
, Lloyds chairman Sir Win Bischoff
Winfried Bischoff
Sir Winfried Franz Wilhen "Win" Bischoff is an Anglo-German banker, who is currently chairman of Lloyds Banking Group plc. He was formerly chairman of Citigroup and previously served as interim CEO of the same company in 2007. He was succeeded as CEO by Vikram Pandit on 11 December 2007. Bischoff...
, Goldman Sachs
Goldman Sachs
The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. is an American multinational bulge bracket investment banking and securities firm that engages in global investment banking, securities, investment management, and other financial services primarily with institutional clients...
vice-chairman Lord Griffiths
Brian Griffiths, Baron Griffiths of Fforestfach
Brian Griffiths, Baron Griffiths of Fforestfach is a British Conservative politician....
and CBI
CBI
- Places and installations :* Cape Breton Island, part of Nova Scotia, Canada* Center for Biomedical Imaging, a research facility of Boston University Medical Center* Central Bukidnon Institute, a secondary school in the Philippines...
chairman Helen Alexander
Helen Alexander
Helen Alexander was a heroine of the Scottish covenanters in the unequal struggle between the adherents of ancient Presbyterianism and prelacy, is still to-day a ‘household name’ in the west of Scotland. In the mountain glens and moors of Ayrshire and Galloway and the Pentlands, chap-books still...
.
Caritas in Veritate has been welcomed by Catholics,
by Protestant Christians,
by Muslims
and by secular sources such as The Times
The Times
The Times is a British daily national newspaper, first published in London in 1785 under the title The Daily Universal Register . The Times and its sister paper The Sunday Times are published by Times Newspapers Limited, a subsidiary since 1981 of News International...
.
The work has also attracted criticism. Secularists in Italy did not appreciate intervention by the Pope in worldly affairs. Catholic capitalists have been disturbed by some of the left-leaning themes and the call for a stronger world political authority. Writing for the Irish Times, Dr. Tina Beatti praised the encyclical for its insightful comments on the economic crises. But she went on to suggest the Catholic idealisation of sexuality hinted at in the encyclical may be part of the cause of child abuse scandals that have recently rocked Ireland
Catholic sexual abuse scandal in Ireland
The Catholic sexual abuse scandal in Ireland is a major chapter in the worldwide Catholic sexual abuse scandal. Unlike the Catholic sexual abuse scandal in the United States, the scandal in Ireland included cases of high-profile Catholic clerics involved in illicit heterosexual relations as well as...
. Dr. Beatti points out that the church's high ideals "fail to distinguish between the good, the not so good and the downright bad, so that everything short of perfection stands equally condemned." She also deplores the encyclicals "apparent indifference to the suffering of sexual bodies..... it makes no mention of HIV/AIDS and it is silent on questions of maternal mortality and women's reproductive health, despite the fact that an estimated 536,000 women die every year from causes relating to pregnancy and childbirth, 99 per cent of them in developing countries. These are startling omissions."
Wider Use
Many school and institutional mottoMotto
A motto is a phrase meant to formally summarize the general motivation or intention of a social group or organization. A motto may be in any language, but Latin is the most used. The local language is usual in the mottoes of governments...
s are based around similar beliefs. In the English Cathedral
Salisbury Cathedral
Salisbury Cathedral, formally known as the Cathedral Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary, is an Anglican cathedral in Salisbury, England, considered one of the leading examples of Early English architecture....
city of Salisbury
Salisbury
Salisbury is a cathedral city in Wiltshire, England and the only city in the county. It is the second largest settlement in the county...
, Bishop Wordsworth's School
Bishop Wordsworth's School
Bishop Wordsworth's School is a Church of England boys' day grammar school located in Salisbury, England. In 2010, there were 748 pupils aged between 11 and 18. The school is regularly amongst the top-performing schools in England, and in 2011 was the top school performer for the English...
uses a similar mantra
Mantra
A mantra is a sound, syllable, word, or group of words that is considered capable of "creating transformation"...
, "Veritas in Caritate".
External links
- Full Text of Caritas in Veritate
- Summary of the encylical by the Vatican Press Office.
- "Market Economy and Ethics" Cardinal Ratzinger's comments in 1985
- Article by John L Allen Jr "Econ encyclical 'more on ethics than structure'" March 05, 2009
- John Thavis, Catholic News Service, "'Love in Truth': Honing the idea that charity is litmus test of faith"
- Critique of Capitalism July 13, 2009
- First Things Symposium on Caritas in Veritate
- Doing The Truth In Love: An Evangelical Call for Response to Caritas In Veritate
- Webeditorial by Tobias Winright, "Caritas in Veritate, Not Your Father's Social Encyclical," Political Theology, January 06, 2010