Carl Gustaf Wrangel
Encyclopedia
Carl Gustaf Wrangel was a high-ranking Swedish
noble, statesman and military commander in the Thirty Years'
, Torstenson, Bremen, Second Northern
and Scanian War
s.
He held the ranks of a field marshal
, commander-in-chief of the Swedish forces in Germany (1646–1648), and Lord High Admiral of Sweden
(since 1657). Wrangel was gouvernor-general of Swedish Pomerania
(1648–1652 and 1656–1676) and since 1664, Lord High Constable of Sweden
and a member of the Privy Council
. He held the title of a Count
of Salmi
s until 1665, thereafter he was Count of Sölvesborg
; by 1673, Wrangel's title was "Count of Sölvesborg, freiherr
of Lindeberg
and Ludenhof
, lord of Skokloster, Bremervörde
, Wrangelsburg
, Spyker, Rappin
, Ekebyhov, Gripenberg
and Rostorp
".In 1666, he was still addressed Count of Salmis in the treaty of Habenhausen: "Carl Gustav Wrangel / dero Königl. Maytt. und Reiche Schweden Rath / ReichsMarsch / wie auch General-Stadthalter in Pommern / und OberLandtRichter in Uplandt / Graff zu Salmis / FreyHerr zu Lindenberg und Lüdenhoff / Her: zu SchogKloster / BremerVöhrde / Wrangelsburg / Spieker / Eckebyhoff und Greiffenberg".
From 1658, Wrangel was supreme judge in Uppland
, and from 1660, chancellor of the University of Greifswald. He held several estates, primarily in the Swedish dominions
, where he constructed representative mansions - Wrangelsburg
in Pomerania
bears his name until today. Wrangel was a close friend of Charles X Gustav of Sweden
.
to baroness Margareta Grip av Vinäs and Herman Wrangel
on 23 December 1613. By his paternal descend he was a member of the Wrangel family of Baltic German
origin, branches of which settled in Sweden, Russia
and Germany
.
Wrangel married Anna Margareta von Haugwitz
(died 20 March 1673), who bore him eleven children, six of whom died very young. The five children who reached adulthood were
. Three years later he was colonel, and in 1638 major-general, still serving in Germany. In 1644, during the Torstenson War, he commanded a fleet at sea, which defeated the Danes
at Fehmarn
on 23 October.
In 1646 he returned to Germany as a Field Marshal and succeeded Lennart Torstenson
as commander-in-chief of the Swedish army
in Germany. Under Wrangel and Turenne
the allied Swedish and French
armies marched and fought in Bavaria
and Württemberg
. After the Thirty Years' War
had come to an end in 1648, he was made governor-general of Swedish Pomerania
. Queen Christina of Sweden
created him count of Salmi
s in Kexholms län (Salmi and Suistamo pogosta, Käkisalmi province) in northern Karelia
, Finland
; and afterwards augmented his lands with barony of Lindeberg in Halland
.
. Wrangel and Charles X Gustav had first met two weeks before the Battle of Leipzig (1642), and when Wrangel's oldest daughter was born during the siege, Charles X Gustav became her godparent. Charles X Gustav created Wrangel freiherr
of Ludenhof, and Lord High Admiral
on 11 December 1657 - a special favour for Charles X Gustav left most of Sweden's highest offices vacant.
When the Second Northern War
broke out in 1655, Wrangel commanded a fleet, but in 1656 he was serving on land again and commanding, along with the "Great Elector" Frederick William I of Brandenburg, in the three days Battle of Warsaw (1656)
. In 1657 he invaded Jutland
and in 1658 passed over the ice into the islands and took Kronborg.
When Charles X Gustav died at the end of the war, Wrangel participated in organizing the obsequies and composed the melody to a lament
. Also in 1660, Wrangel became chancellor of the University of Greifswald, after he had been made supreme judge in the Uppland
province two years earlier.
of the realm
, and as such he was a member of the Privy Council
during the minority of Charles XI of Sweden
. During the Wars for Bremen, he tried to win the city of Bremen for the Swedish crown, but was not successful: On November, 15th, 1666 he was forced to make peace, and concluded the "Peace of Habenhausen". During the Scanian War
, Wrangel was commanding ineffectively owing to his broken health, and was recalled after his stepbrother Baron Waldemar Wrangel (1647–1676) had been defeated at Fehrbellin
.
and gallstone
. He was treated at several health resorts, including Spa
in August 1651, Langenschwalbach in July 1662 and Pyrmont
in the summer of 1668, yet without ever completely recovering. In 1674, he broke down "like dead" from two strikes of hypervolemia
, and his chronic diseases made it nearly impossible for him to fulfill the tasks of commanding the Swedish forces in the Scanian War
.
Shortly afterwards, on 25 June (OS)
or 5 July (NS)
1676, Wrangel died in his Spyker castle on Rügen
, Swedish Pomerania
(also spelled Spycker, now part of the Glowe
municipality). His body was transferred to Stralsund
and remained there throughout the siege of 1678. After the battle, Stralsund fell in Danish and Brandenburgian hands, but the Danish king and the Brandenburgian elector upon requests of Wrangel's heirs permitted the body to be transferred to Stockholm
, which happened in July 1680. On 1 December 1680, he was buried in the Wrangel family's crypt in Skokloster. His preserved written legacy is archived in the Gamla Riksarkivet
(Great Imperial Archive), Stockholm
.
, Wrangel advanced to the greatest landowner. There, he held the domains of Spyker
(Rügen
) with Baldereck, Cape Arkona
, Klein Jasmund (now part of Dubnitz, Sassnitz
), Koosdorf, Polkvitz, Ruschvitz, Streu and Wostevitz, the former property of the Roskilde bishop
centered on Ralswiek
(Rügen), Wrangelsburg
with Krebsow, Spandowerhagen and Zarnitz, Groß Ernsthof, Pritzier
with Buddenhagen
, Giesekenhagen, Hohendorf
, Hohensee, Katzow
, Netzeband and Zarnow
, Nonnendorf with Latzow, Lubmin
and Vierow
, Mölschow
(Usedom
) with Bannemin, Mahlzow, Sauzin
, Zecherin and Ziemitz, Brüssow and Krummin
(Usedom), and also the islands Greifswalder Oie
and Ruden
. Wrangel's Amt Saatzig in Farther Pomerania
was exchanged for the beforementioned Klein Jasmund, Polkvitz, Rushvitz and Wostevitz in 1653, when Farther Pomerania fell to Brandenburg
.
In Swedish Livonia
, Wrangel held the domains of Ödenpäh
, Rappin
and Wrangelshof, with Ödenpäh and Wrangelshof exchanged for Pomeranian domains in 1653. Also in Livonia, he held Luua
(then Ludenhof or Luhde castle in Walk (Valga) county
). In Scania
he held Lillö
. Near Stockholm, he held Ekebyhov, and in Karelia
, he held Salmi
s county, which he exchanged for Sölvesborg
county in Blekinge
in 1665. In Finland
, he held property in Bjärnå, as well as in Skokloster in Uppland
, and Rostorp
and Säby
in Småland
. In Halland
, Wrangel held the county of Lindeberg
. In Bremen-Verden
, he held Amt Bremervörde
.
Wrangel built the Gripenberg
palace in Säby, and palaces in Bremervörde, Skokloster, Spyker, Stralsund
, Wrangelsburg. Wrangelsburg bears his name, it was renamed by him from "Vorwerk" on 19 September 1653. His favourite, and grandest, castle was Skokloster Castle
in Uppland which he created substantial collections of art and expensive weapons and exotic items.
Sweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
noble, statesman and military commander in the Thirty Years'
Thirty Years' War
The Thirty Years' War was fought primarily in what is now Germany, and at various points involved most countries in Europe. It was one of the most destructive conflicts in European history....
, Torstenson, Bremen, Second Northern
Second Northern War
The Second Northern War was fought between Sweden and its adversaries the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth , Russia , Brandenburg-Prussia , the Habsburg Monarchy and Denmark–Norway...
and Scanian War
Scanian War
The Scanian War was a part of the Northern Wars involving the union of Denmark-Norway, Brandenburg and Sweden. It was fought mainly on Scanian soil, in the former Danish provinces along the border with Sweden and in Northern Germany...
s.
He held the ranks of a field marshal
Field Marshal
Field Marshal is a military rank. Traditionally, it is the highest military rank in an army.-Etymology:The origin of the rank of field marshal dates to the early Middle Ages, originally meaning the keeper of the king's horses , from the time of the early Frankish kings.-Usage and hierarchical...
, commander-in-chief of the Swedish forces in Germany (1646–1648), and Lord High Admiral of Sweden
Lord High Admiral of Sweden
The Lord High Admiral or Admiral of the Realm was a prominent and influential office in Sweden, from c. 1571 until 1676, excluding periods when the office was out of use. The office holder was a member of the Swedish Privy Council and the head of the navy and Admiralty of Sweden...
(since 1657). Wrangel was gouvernor-general of Swedish Pomerania
Swedish Pomerania
Swedish Pomerania was a Dominion under the Swedish Crown from 1630 to 1815, situated on what is now the Baltic coast of Germany and Poland. Following the Polish War and the Thirty Years' War, Sweden held extensive control over the lands on the southern Baltic coast, including Pomerania and parts...
(1648–1652 and 1656–1676) and since 1664, Lord High Constable of Sweden
Lord High Constable of Sweden
The Lord High Constable was a prominent and influential office in Sweden, from the 13th century until 1676, excluding periods when the office was out of use. The office holder was a member of the Swedish Privy Council and, from 1630 and on, the head of the Swedish Council of War...
and a member of the Privy Council
Privy Council of Sweden
The High Council of Sweden or Council of the Realm consisted originally of those men of noble, common and clergical background, that the king saw fit for advisory service...
. He held the title of a Count
Count
A count or countess is an aristocratic nobleman in European countries. The word count came into English from the French comte, itself from Latin comes—in its accusative comitem—meaning "companion", and later "companion of the emperor, delegate of the emperor". The adjective form of the word is...
of Salmi
Salmi
Salmi is a rural settlement and town near Pitkäranta in Republic of Karelia ....
s until 1665, thereafter he was Count of Sölvesborg
Sölvesborg
Sölvesborg is a locality and the seat of Sölvesborg Municipality in Blekinge County, Sweden with 7,883 inhabitants in 2005.Sölvesborg is, despite its small population, for historical reasons normally still referred to as a city...
; by 1673, Wrangel's title was "Count of Sölvesborg, freiherr
Freiherr
The German titles Freiherr and Freifrau and Freiin are titles of nobility, used preceding a person's given name or, after 1919, before the surname...
of Lindeberg
Varberg Municipality
Varberg Municipality is a municipality in Halland County, in southwest Sweden. Its seat is in Varberg.It was formed in 1971 through the amalgamation of the City of Varberg and the surrounding rural municipalities...
and Ludenhof
Luua
Luua is a village in Palamuse Parish, Jõgeva County in eastern Estonia, known for its manor , now a professional school....
, lord of Skokloster, Bremervörde
Bremervörde
Bremervörde is a town in the north of the district Rotenburg, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated at the Oste river near the mid of the triangle, which is formed of the rivers Weser and Elbe respectively the cities of Hamburg, Bremen and Cuxhaven....
, Wrangelsburg
Wrangelsburg
Wrangelsburg is a municipality in the Vorpommern-Greifswald district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany....
, Spyker, Rappin
Räpina
Räpina is a town in Põlva County, Estonia. The administrative centre of Räpina Parish, it has a population of 2,867 .-External links:*...
, Ekebyhov, Gripenberg
Gripenberg
Gripenberg is a locality situated in Tranås Municipality, Jönköping County, Sweden with 282 inhabitants in 2005....
and Rostorp
Vimmerby
- External links :* - Official site* - Theme Park...
".In 1666, he was still addressed Count of Salmis in the treaty of Habenhausen: "Carl Gustav Wrangel / dero Königl. Maytt. und Reiche Schweden Rath / ReichsMarsch / wie auch General-Stadthalter in Pommern / und OberLandtRichter in Uplandt / Graff zu Salmis / FreyHerr zu Lindenberg und Lüdenhoff / Her: zu SchogKloster / BremerVöhrde / Wrangelsburg / Spieker / Eckebyhoff und Greiffenberg".
From 1658, Wrangel was supreme judge in Uppland
Uppland
Uppland is a historical province or landskap on the eastern coast of Sweden, just north of Stockholm, the capital. It borders Södermanland, Västmanland and Gästrikland. It is also bounded by lake Mälaren and the Baltic sea...
, and from 1660, chancellor of the University of Greifswald. He held several estates, primarily in the Swedish dominions
Dominions of Sweden
The Dominions of Sweden or Svenska besittningar were territories that historically came under control of the Swedish Crown, but never became fully integrated with Sweden. This generally meant that they were ruled by Governors-General under the Swedish monarch, but within certain limits retained...
, where he constructed representative mansions - Wrangelsburg
Wrangelsburg
Wrangelsburg is a municipality in the Vorpommern-Greifswald district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany....
in Pomerania
Pomerania
Pomerania is a historical region on the south shore of the Baltic Sea. Divided between Germany and Poland, it stretches roughly from the Recknitz River near Stralsund in the West, via the Oder River delta near Szczecin, to the mouth of the Vistula River near Gdańsk in the East...
bears his name until today. Wrangel was a close friend of Charles X Gustav of Sweden
Charles X Gustav of Sweden
Charles X Gustav also Carl Gustav, was King of Sweden from 1654 until his death. He was the son of John Casimir, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken-Kleeburg and Catherine of Sweden. After his father's death he also succeeded him as Pfalzgraf. He was married to Hedwig Eleonora of Holstein-Gottorp, who...
.
Family
Carl Gustav Wrangel was born near UppsalaUppsala
- Economy :Today Uppsala is well established in medical research and recognized for its leading position in biotechnology.*Abbott Medical Optics *GE Healthcare*Pfizer *Phadia, an offshoot of Pharmacia*Fresenius*Q-Med...
to baroness Margareta Grip av Vinäs and Herman Wrangel
Herman Wrangel
Herman Wrangel was a Swedish soldier and politician of Baltic German extraction. He was appointed Field Marshal in 1621, Privy Councillor in 1630, and Governor General of Livonia in 1643...
on 23 December 1613. By his paternal descend he was a member of the Wrangel family of Baltic German
Baltic German
The Baltic Germans were mostly ethnically German inhabitants of the eastern shore of the Baltic Sea, which today form the countries of Estonia and Latvia. The Baltic German population never made up more than 10% of the total. They formed the social, commercial, political and cultural élite in...
origin, branches of which settled in Sweden, Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
and Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
.
Wrangel married Anna Margareta von Haugwitz
Anna Margareta von Haugwitz
Anna Margareta von Haugwitz , was a German noble, married to the Swedish count, statesman and military commander Carl Gustaf Wrangel....
(died 20 March 1673), who bore him eleven children, six of whom died very young. The five children who reached adulthood were
- Carl Philipp Wrangel (died 13 April 1668 in LondonLondonLondon is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
) - Margareta Juliana Wrangel (born 4 November 1642 during the siege of LeipzigBattle of Breitenfeld (1642)The Second Battle of Breitenfeld, also known as the First Battle of Leipzig , took place at Breitenfeld , Germany, during the Thirty Years' War— fully eleven years after the first battle at the crossroads village had unbottled the Swedish forces under Gustavus II Adolphus wherein he had...
, married to Nils Brahe the Younger, nephew of Per Brahe the Younger, on 21 December 1660) - Polidora Christiana Wrangel (born 6 November 1655 in Spyker, married to Leonard Johan Wittenberg, son of Arvid WittenbergArvid WittenbergArvid Wittenberg or Arvid Wirtenberg von Debern , Swedish count, field marshal and privy councillor. Born in Porvoo, Finland, died in prison in Zamość, Poland, 7 September 1657...
, in the summer of 1673) - Eleonora Sophia Wrangel (born 31 August 1651 in WolgastWolgastWolgast is a town in the district of Vorpommern-Greifswald, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. It is situated on the bank of the river Peenestrom, vis-a-vis the island of Usedom that can be accessed by road and railway via a bascule bridge...
, married to Ernst Ludwig Freiherr von Putbus on 7 April 1678) - Augusta Aurora Wrangel (born 15 January 1658 in just conquered Frederiksodde, died unmarried and without issue on 27 January 1699)
Under Christina
At the age of twenty, Carl Gustaf Wrangel distinguished himself as a cavalry captain in the Thirty Years' WarThirty Years' War
The Thirty Years' War was fought primarily in what is now Germany, and at various points involved most countries in Europe. It was one of the most destructive conflicts in European history....
. Three years later he was colonel, and in 1638 major-general, still serving in Germany. In 1644, during the Torstenson War, he commanded a fleet at sea, which defeated the Danes
Denmark
Denmark is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. The countries of Denmark and Greenland, as well as the Faroe Islands, constitute the Kingdom of Denmark . It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries, southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark...
at Fehmarn
Fehmarn
Fehmarn is an island and - since 2003 - a town on this island in the Baltic Sea, off the eastern coast of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, and ca. 18 kilometers south of the Danish island of Lolland...
on 23 October.
In 1646 he returned to Germany as a Field Marshal and succeeded Lennart Torstenson
Lennart Torstenson
Lennart Torstenson, Count of Ortala, Baron of Virestad , was a Swedish Field Marshal and military engineer.-Early career:He was born at Forstena in Västergötland - he always wrote his name Linnardt Torstenson...
as commander-in-chief of the Swedish army
Swedish Army
The Swedish Army is one of the oldest standing armies in the world and a branch of the Swedish Armed Forces; it is in charge of land operations. General Sverker Göranson is the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Army.- Organization :...
in Germany. Under Wrangel and Turenne
Henri de la Tour d'Auvergne, Vicomte de Turenne
Henri de la Tour d'Auvergne, Vicomte de Turenne,often called simply Turenne was the most illustrious member of the La Tour d'Auvergne family. He achieved military fame and became a Marshal of France...
the allied Swedish and French
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
armies marched and fought in Bavaria
Bavaria
Bavaria, formally the Free State of Bavaria is a state of Germany, located in the southeast of Germany. With an area of , it is the largest state by area, forming almost 20% of the total land area of Germany...
and Württemberg
Württemberg
Württemberg , formerly known as Wirtemberg or Wurtemberg, is an area and a former state in southwestern Germany, including parts of the regions Swabia and Franconia....
. After the Thirty Years' War
Thirty Years' War
The Thirty Years' War was fought primarily in what is now Germany, and at various points involved most countries in Europe. It was one of the most destructive conflicts in European history....
had come to an end in 1648, he was made governor-general of Swedish Pomerania
Swedish Pomerania
Swedish Pomerania was a Dominion under the Swedish Crown from 1630 to 1815, situated on what is now the Baltic coast of Germany and Poland. Following the Polish War and the Thirty Years' War, Sweden held extensive control over the lands on the southern Baltic coast, including Pomerania and parts...
. Queen Christina of Sweden
Christina of Sweden
Christina , later adopted the name Christina Alexandra, was Queen regnant of Swedes, Goths and Vandals, Grand Princess of Finland, and Duchess of Ingria, Estonia, Livonia and Karelia, from 1633 to 1654. She was the only surviving legitimate child of King Gustav II Adolph and his wife Maria Eleonora...
created him count of Salmi
Salmi
Salmi is a rural settlement and town near Pitkäranta in Republic of Karelia ....
s in Kexholms län (Salmi and Suistamo pogosta, Käkisalmi province) in northern Karelia
Karelia
Karelia , the land of the Karelian peoples, is an area in Northern Europe of historical significance for Finland, Russia, and Sweden...
, Finland
Finland
Finland , officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of Northern Europe. It is bordered by Sweden in the west, Norway in the north and Russia in the east, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland.Around 5.4 million people reside...
; and afterwards augmented his lands with barony of Lindeberg in Halland
Halland
' is one of the traditional provinces of Sweden , on the western coast of Sweden. It borders Västergötland, Småland, Scania and the sea of Kattegat.-Administration:...
.
Under Charles X Gustav
Already before Christina's abdication, Wrangel became a close friend and trusted advisor of her successor, Charles X Gustav of SwedenCharles X Gustav of Sweden
Charles X Gustav also Carl Gustav, was King of Sweden from 1654 until his death. He was the son of John Casimir, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken-Kleeburg and Catherine of Sweden. After his father's death he also succeeded him as Pfalzgraf. He was married to Hedwig Eleonora of Holstein-Gottorp, who...
. Wrangel and Charles X Gustav had first met two weeks before the Battle of Leipzig (1642), and when Wrangel's oldest daughter was born during the siege, Charles X Gustav became her godparent. Charles X Gustav created Wrangel freiherr
Freiherr
The German titles Freiherr and Freifrau and Freiin are titles of nobility, used preceding a person's given name or, after 1919, before the surname...
of Ludenhof, and Lord High Admiral
Lord High Admiral of Sweden
The Lord High Admiral or Admiral of the Realm was a prominent and influential office in Sweden, from c. 1571 until 1676, excluding periods when the office was out of use. The office holder was a member of the Swedish Privy Council and the head of the navy and Admiralty of Sweden...
on 11 December 1657 - a special favour for Charles X Gustav left most of Sweden's highest offices vacant.
When the Second Northern War
Second Northern War
The Second Northern War was fought between Sweden and its adversaries the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth , Russia , Brandenburg-Prussia , the Habsburg Monarchy and Denmark–Norway...
broke out in 1655, Wrangel commanded a fleet, but in 1656 he was serving on land again and commanding, along with the "Great Elector" Frederick William I of Brandenburg, in the three days Battle of Warsaw (1656)
Battle of Warsaw (1656)
The Battle of Warsaw was a battle which took place near Warsaw on , between the armies of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth on the one hand and of Sweden and Brandenburg on the other. It was a major battle in the Second Northern War between Poland and Sweden in the period 1655–1660, also known as...
. In 1657 he invaded Jutland
Jutland
Jutland , historically also called Cimbria, is the name of the peninsula that juts out in Northern Europe toward the rest of Scandinavia, forming the mainland part of Denmark. It has the North Sea to its west, Kattegat and Skagerrak to its north, the Baltic Sea to its east, and the Danish–German...
and in 1658 passed over the ice into the islands and took Kronborg.
When Charles X Gustav died at the end of the war, Wrangel participated in organizing the obsequies and composed the melody to a lament
Lament
A lament or lamentation is a song, poem, or piece of music expressing grief, regret, or mourning.-History:Many of the oldest and most lasting poems in human history have been laments. Laments are present in both the Iliad and the Odyssey, and laments continued to be sung in elegiacs accompanied by...
. Also in 1660, Wrangel became chancellor of the University of Greifswald, after he had been made supreme judge in the Uppland
Uppland
Uppland is a historical province or landskap on the eastern coast of Sweden, just north of Stockholm, the capital. It borders Södermanland, Västmanland and Gästrikland. It is also bounded by lake Mälaren and the Baltic sea...
province two years earlier.
Under Charles XI
In 1664 he was appointed Lord High ConstableLord High Constable of Sweden
The Lord High Constable was a prominent and influential office in Sweden, from the 13th century until 1676, excluding periods when the office was out of use. The office holder was a member of the Swedish Privy Council and, from 1630 and on, the head of the Swedish Council of War...
of the realm
Realm of Sweden
The Realm of Sweden or Svenska väldet is a term that historically was used to comprise all the territories under the control of the Swedish monarchs.-Lands of Sweden:...
, and as such he was a member of the Privy Council
Privy Council of Sweden
The High Council of Sweden or Council of the Realm consisted originally of those men of noble, common and clergical background, that the king saw fit for advisory service...
during the minority of Charles XI of Sweden
Charles XI of Sweden
Charles XI also Carl, was King of Sweden from 1660 until his death, in a period in Swedish history known as the Swedish empire ....
. During the Wars for Bremen, he tried to win the city of Bremen for the Swedish crown, but was not successful: On November, 15th, 1666 he was forced to make peace, and concluded the "Peace of Habenhausen". During the Scanian War
Scanian War
The Scanian War was a part of the Northern Wars involving the union of Denmark-Norway, Brandenburg and Sweden. It was fought mainly on Scanian soil, in the former Danish provinces along the border with Sweden and in Northern Germany...
, Wrangel was commanding ineffectively owing to his broken health, and was recalled after his stepbrother Baron Waldemar Wrangel (1647–1676) had been defeated at Fehrbellin
Battle of Fehrbellin
The Battle of Fehrbellin was fought on June 18, 1675 between Swedish and Brandenburg-Prussian troops. The Swedes, under Count Waldemar von Wrangel , had invaded and occupied parts of Brandenburg from their possessions in Pomerania, but were repelled by the forces of Frederick William, the Great...
.
Illness and death
The hardships and injuries Wrangel sufferd during his multiple campaigns, combined with unhealthy eating habits, led to Wrangel suffering from several acute and chronic illnesses for most of his life, most notably goutGout
Gout is a medical condition usually characterized by recurrent attacks of acute inflammatory arthritis—a red, tender, hot, swollen joint. The metatarsal-phalangeal joint at the base of the big toe is the most commonly affected . However, it may also present as tophi, kidney stones, or urate...
and gallstone
Gallstone
A gallstone is a crystalline concretion formed within the gallbladder by accretion of bile components. These calculi are formed in the gallbladder, but may pass distally into other parts of the biliary tract such as the cystic duct, common bile duct, pancreatic duct, or the ampulla of...
. He was treated at several health resorts, including Spa
Spa, Belgium
Spa is a municipality of Belgium. It lies in the country's Walloon Region and Province of Liège. It is situated in a valley in the Ardennes mountain chain, some southeast of Liège, and southwest of Aachen. As of 1 January 2006, Spa had a total population of 10,543...
in August 1651, Langenschwalbach in July 1662 and Pyrmont
Bad Pyrmont
-External links:* * -Multimedia:*...
in the summer of 1668, yet without ever completely recovering. In 1674, he broke down "like dead" from two strikes of hypervolemia
Hypervolemia
Hypervolemia, or fluid overload, is the medical condition where there is too much fluid in the blood.The opposite condition is hypovolemia, which is too little fluid volume in the blood.-Causes:Excessive sodium or fluid intake:* IV therapy...
, and his chronic diseases made it nearly impossible for him to fulfill the tasks of commanding the Swedish forces in the Scanian War
Scanian War
The Scanian War was a part of the Northern Wars involving the union of Denmark-Norway, Brandenburg and Sweden. It was fought mainly on Scanian soil, in the former Danish provinces along the border with Sweden and in Northern Germany...
.
Shortly afterwards, on 25 June (OS)
Old Style and New Style dates
Old Style and New Style are used in English language historical studies either to indicate that the start of the Julian year has been adjusted to start on 1 January even though documents written at the time use a different start of year ; or to indicate that a date conforms to the Julian...
or 5 July (NS)
Old Style and New Style dates
Old Style and New Style are used in English language historical studies either to indicate that the start of the Julian year has been adjusted to start on 1 January even though documents written at the time use a different start of year ; or to indicate that a date conforms to the Julian...
1676, Wrangel died in his Spyker castle on Rügen
Rügen
Rügen is Germany's largest island. Located in the Baltic Sea, it is part of the Vorpommern-Rügen district of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern.- Geography :Rügen is located off the north-eastern coast of Germany in the Baltic Sea...
, Swedish Pomerania
Swedish Pomerania
Swedish Pomerania was a Dominion under the Swedish Crown from 1630 to 1815, situated on what is now the Baltic coast of Germany and Poland. Following the Polish War and the Thirty Years' War, Sweden held extensive control over the lands on the southern Baltic coast, including Pomerania and parts...
(also spelled Spycker, now part of the Glowe
Glowe
Glowe is a municipality in the Vorpommern-Rügen district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. The municipality consists of the villages:*Glowe*Baldereck*Kampe*Bobbin*Polchow*Ruschvitz*Spyker-External links:*...
municipality). His body was transferred to Stralsund
Stralsund
- Main sights :* The Brick Gothic historic centre is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.* The heart of the old town is the Old Market Square , with the Gothic Town Hall . Behind the town hall stands the imposing Nikolaikirche , built in 1270-1360...
and remained there throughout the siege of 1678. After the battle, Stralsund fell in Danish and Brandenburgian hands, but the Danish king and the Brandenburgian elector upon requests of Wrangel's heirs permitted the body to be transferred to Stockholm
Stockholm
Stockholm is the capital and the largest city of Sweden and constitutes the most populated urban area in Scandinavia. Stockholm is the most populous city in Sweden, with a population of 851,155 in the municipality , 1.37 million in the urban area , and around 2.1 million in the metropolitan area...
, which happened in July 1680. On 1 December 1680, he was buried in the Wrangel family's crypt in Skokloster. His preserved written legacy is archived in the Gamla Riksarkivet
Gamla Riksarkivet
Gamla Riksarkivet is a building at Arkivgatan 3 on Riddarholmen in Stockholm, Sweden. Riksarkivet, the Swedish National Archives, were located in the building until 1968....
(Great Imperial Archive), Stockholm
Stockholm
Stockholm is the capital and the largest city of Sweden and constitutes the most populated urban area in Scandinavia. Stockholm is the most populous city in Sweden, with a population of 851,155 in the municipality , 1.37 million in the urban area , and around 2.1 million in the metropolitan area...
.
Landowner and constructor
In Swedish PomeraniaSwedish Pomerania
Swedish Pomerania was a Dominion under the Swedish Crown from 1630 to 1815, situated on what is now the Baltic coast of Germany and Poland. Following the Polish War and the Thirty Years' War, Sweden held extensive control over the lands on the southern Baltic coast, including Pomerania and parts...
, Wrangel advanced to the greatest landowner. There, he held the domains of Spyker
Spyker
Spyker was a Dutch car manufacturer, started in 1880 by coachbuilders Jacobus and Hendrik-Jan Spijker, but to be able to market the brand better in foreign countries, in 1903 the 'ij' was changed into 'y'...
(Rügen
Rügen
Rügen is Germany's largest island. Located in the Baltic Sea, it is part of the Vorpommern-Rügen district of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern.- Geography :Rügen is located off the north-eastern coast of Germany in the Baltic Sea...
) with Baldereck, Cape Arkona
Cape Arkona
Cape Arkona is a cape on the island of Rügen in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. Cape Arkona is the tip of the Wittow peninsula, just a few kilometres north of the Jasmund National Park....
, Klein Jasmund (now part of Dubnitz, Sassnitz
Sassnitz
Sassnitz is a town on the Jasmund peninsula, Rügen Island, in the Federal State of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. The population as of 2007 was 10,747....
), Koosdorf, Polkvitz, Ruschvitz, Streu and Wostevitz, the former property of the Roskilde bishop
Roskilde (titular see)
Roskilde is a Catholic titular see. The former see, suppressed in the sixteenth century, was Roskilde in Denmark....
centered on Ralswiek
Ralswiek
Ralswiek is a municipality in the Vorpommern-Rügen district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany.-External links:*...
(Rügen), Wrangelsburg
Wrangelsburg
Wrangelsburg is a municipality in the Vorpommern-Greifswald district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany....
with Krebsow, Spandowerhagen and Zarnitz, Groß Ernsthof, Pritzier
Hohendorf
Hohendorf is a municipality in the Vorpommern-Greifswald district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. It consists of*Schalense*Pritzier*Hohendorf*Zarnitz...
with Buddenhagen
Buddenhagen
Buddenhagen is a municipality in the Vorpommern-Greifswald district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany....
, Giesekenhagen, Hohendorf
Hohendorf
Hohendorf is a municipality in the Vorpommern-Greifswald district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. It consists of*Schalense*Pritzier*Hohendorf*Zarnitz...
, Hohensee, Katzow
Katzow
Katzow is a municipality in the Vorpommern-Greifswald district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. It consists of*Katzow*Kühlenhagen*Jägerhof*Netzeband...
, Netzeband and Zarnow
Zarnów
Żarnów is a village in Opoczno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina called Gmina Żarnów. It lies approximately south-west of Opoczno and south-east of the regional capital Łódź. The village has a population of 870.The first written mention of Żarnów dates...
, Nonnendorf with Latzow, Lubmin
Lubmin
Lubmin is a coastal resort in the German state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. Lubmin is situated near Greifswald and on the Bay of Greifswald.Apart from tourism, Lubmin is a major transport and industry hub and investment location in the German energy sector...
and Vierow
Brünzow
Brünzow is a municipality in the Vorpommern-Greifswald district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany.It consists of*Brünzow,*Klein Ernsthof,*Kräpelin,*Stilow,*Stilow-Siedlung,*Vierow....
, Mölschow
Mölschow
Mölschow is a municipality in the Vorpommern-Greifswald district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. It consists of*Bannemin*Mölschow*Zecherin...
(Usedom
Usedom
Usedom is a Baltic Sea island on the border between Germany and Poland. It is situated north of the Szczecin Lagoon estuary of the River Oder in Pomerania...
) with Bannemin, Mahlzow, Sauzin
Sauzin
Sauzin is a municipality in the Vorpommern-Greifswald district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. It consists of Sauzin and Ziemitz....
, Zecherin and Ziemitz, Brüssow and Krummin
Krummin
Krummin is a municipality in the Vorpommern-Greifswald district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany.-External links:*...
(Usedom), and also the islands Greifswalder Oie
Greifswalder Oie
Greifswalder Oie is a small island in the Baltic Sea, located east of Rügen on the German coast. The island covers an area of about 54 hectares.-History:...
and Ruden
Ruden
Ruden is a small island in the Baltic Sea, located between Rügen and Usedom off the German coast. The Ruden belongs to the municipality Kröslin, in the German state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Before the storm tide of All Saints day 1304, Ruden was probably part of a land bridge between...
. Wrangel's Amt Saatzig in Farther Pomerania
Farther Pomerania
Farther Pomerania, Further Pomerania, Transpomerania or Eastern Pomerania , which before the German-Polish border shift of 1945 comprised the eastern part of the Duchy, later Province of Pomerania, roughly stretching from the Oder River in the West to Pomerelia in the East...
was exchanged for the beforementioned Klein Jasmund, Polkvitz, Rushvitz and Wostevitz in 1653, when Farther Pomerania fell to Brandenburg
Treaty of Stettin (1653)
The Treaty of Stettin of 4 May 1653 settled a dispute between Brandenburg and Sweden, who both claimed succession in the Duchy of Pomerania after the extinction of the local House of Pomerania during the Thirty Years' War. Brandenburg's claims were based on the Treaty of Grimnitz , while Sweden's...
.
In Swedish Livonia
Swedish Livonia
- Swedish infantry and cavalry regiments:Infantry regiments:* Garnisonsregementet i Riga * Guvenörsregementet i Riga * Livländsk infanteribataljon I...
, Wrangel held the domains of Ödenpäh
Otepää
Otepää is a town in Valga County, southern Estonia, it's the administrative centre of Otepää Parish. Town has a population of 2,189 . Otepää is a popular skiing resort, popularly known as the "winter capital" of Estonia...
, Rappin
Räpina
Räpina is a town in Põlva County, Estonia. The administrative centre of Räpina Parish, it has a population of 2,867 .-External links:*...
and Wrangelshof, with Ödenpäh and Wrangelshof exchanged for Pomeranian domains in 1653. Also in Livonia, he held Luua
Luua
Luua is a village in Palamuse Parish, Jõgeva County in eastern Estonia, known for its manor , now a professional school....
(then Ludenhof or Luhde castle in Walk (Valga) county
Valga County
Valga County , or Valgamaa, is one of 15 counties of Estonia. Its capital is Valga, which is located on the Estonian-Latvian border. It is situated in southern part of the country and borders Põlva County and Võru County to the east, Latvia to the south and to the west, Viljandi County and Tartu...
). In Scania
Scania
Scania is the southernmost of the 25 traditional non-administrative provinces of Sweden, constituting a peninsula on the southern tip of the Scandinavian peninsula, and some adjacent islands. The modern administrative subdivision Skåne County is almost, but not totally, congruent with the...
he held Lillö
Kristianstad Municipality
Kristianstad Municipality is a municipality in Skåne County in southernmost Sweden. Its seat is located in the city Kristianstad....
. Near Stockholm, he held Ekebyhov, and in Karelia
Karelia
Karelia , the land of the Karelian peoples, is an area in Northern Europe of historical significance for Finland, Russia, and Sweden...
, he held Salmi
Salmi
Salmi is a rural settlement and town near Pitkäranta in Republic of Karelia ....
s county, which he exchanged for Sölvesborg
Sölvesborg
Sölvesborg is a locality and the seat of Sölvesborg Municipality in Blekinge County, Sweden with 7,883 inhabitants in 2005.Sölvesborg is, despite its small population, for historical reasons normally still referred to as a city...
county in Blekinge
Blekinge
' is one of the traditional provinces of Sweden , situated in the south of the country. It borders Småland, Scania and the Baltic Sea.The name "Blekinge" comes from the adjective bleke, which corresponds to the nautical term for "dead calm"....
in 1665. In Finland
Finland
Finland , officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of Northern Europe. It is bordered by Sweden in the west, Norway in the north and Russia in the east, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland.Around 5.4 million people reside...
, he held property in Bjärnå, as well as in Skokloster in Uppland
Uppland
Uppland is a historical province or landskap on the eastern coast of Sweden, just north of Stockholm, the capital. It borders Södermanland, Västmanland and Gästrikland. It is also bounded by lake Mälaren and the Baltic sea...
, and Rostorp
Vimmerby
- External links :* - Official site* - Theme Park...
and Säby
Tranås Municipality
Tranås Municipality is a municipality in Jönköping County, southern Sweden, where the town Tranås is seat.The original entity Tranås was detached from the rural municipality Säby as a market town in 1882 and made a city in 1919. The reunification took place in 1951 when Säby was made a part of...
in Småland
Småland
' is a historical province in southern Sweden.Småland borders Blekinge, Scania or Skåne, Halland, Västergötland, Östergötland and the island Öland in the Baltic Sea. The name Småland literally means Small Lands. . The latinized form Smolandia has been used in other languages...
. In Halland
Halland
' is one of the traditional provinces of Sweden , on the western coast of Sweden. It borders Västergötland, Småland, Scania and the sea of Kattegat.-Administration:...
, Wrangel held the county of Lindeberg
Varberg Municipality
Varberg Municipality is a municipality in Halland County, in southwest Sweden. Its seat is in Varberg.It was formed in 1971 through the amalgamation of the City of Varberg and the surrounding rural municipalities...
. In Bremen-Verden
Bremen-Verden
Bremen-Verden, formally the Duchies of Bremen and Verden , were two territories and immediate fiefs of the Holy Roman Empire, which emerged and gained Imperial immediacy in 1180...
, he held Amt Bremervörde
Bremervörde
Bremervörde is a town in the north of the district Rotenburg, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated at the Oste river near the mid of the triangle, which is formed of the rivers Weser and Elbe respectively the cities of Hamburg, Bremen and Cuxhaven....
.
Wrangel built the Gripenberg
Gripenberg
Gripenberg is a locality situated in Tranås Municipality, Jönköping County, Sweden with 282 inhabitants in 2005....
palace in Säby, and palaces in Bremervörde, Skokloster, Spyker, Stralsund
Stralsund
- Main sights :* The Brick Gothic historic centre is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.* The heart of the old town is the Old Market Square , with the Gothic Town Hall . Behind the town hall stands the imposing Nikolaikirche , built in 1270-1360...
, Wrangelsburg. Wrangelsburg bears his name, it was renamed by him from "Vorwerk" on 19 September 1653. His favourite, and grandest, castle was Skokloster Castle
Skokloster Castle
Skokloster Castle is located on Lake Mälaren between Stockholm and Uppsala. It was built in the Baroque style between 1654 and 1676 by the wealthy military commander and count Carl Gustaf Wrangel. The castle was designed by architect Nicodemus Tessin the Elder...
in Uppland which he created substantial collections of art and expensive weapons and exotic items.