Carol Schwartz - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

Carol Schwartz is a politician

Politician

A politician, political leader, or political figure is an individual who is involved in influencing public policy and decision making...

from Washington, D.C.

Washington, D.C.

Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, "the District", or simply D.C., is the capital of the United States. On July 16, 1790, the United States Congress approved the creation of a permanent national capital as permitted by the U.S. Constitution....

, who served as an at-large member on the Council of the District of Columbia

Council of the District of Columbia

The Council of the District of Columbia is the legislative branch of the local government of the District of Columbia. As permitted in the United States Constitution, the District is not part of any U.S. state and is instead overseen directly by the federal government...

from 1985 to 1989 and again from 1997 to 2009.

Early life

After being born in Greenville, Mississippi

Greenville, Mississippi

Greenville is a city in Washington County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 48,633 at the 2000 census, but according to the 2009 census bureau estimates, it has since declined to 42,764, making it the eighth-largest city in the state. It is the county seat of Washington...

, her family lived for brief periods in Oak Ridge, Tennessee

Oak Ridge, Tennessee

Oak Ridge is a city in Anderson and Roane counties in the eastern part of the U.S. state of Tennessee, about west of Knoxville. Oak Ridge's population was 27,387 at the 2000 census...

, and Oklahoma City, Oklahoma

Oklahoma City, Oklahoma

Oklahoma City is the capital and the largest city in the state of Oklahoma. The county seat of Oklahoma County, the city ranks 31st among United States cities in population. The city's population, from the 2010 census, was 579,999, with a metro-area population of 1,252,987 . In 2010, the Oklahoma...

, before settling down in Midland

Midland, Texas

Midland is a city in and the county seat of Midland County, Texas, United States, on the Southern Plains of the state's western area. A small portion of the city extends into Martin County. As of 2010, the population of Midland was 111,147. It is the principal city of the Midland, Texas...

, Texas

Texas

Texas is the second largest U.S. state by both area and population, and the largest state by area in the contiguous United States.The name, based on the Caddo word "Tejas" meaning "friends" or "allies", was applied by the Spanish to the Caddo themselves and to the region of their settlement in...

, where she spent nearly all of her childhood. Growing up in Midland, Schwartz experienced anti-Semitism as a child, where she was one of very few Jewish people in the city. Schwartz graduated from the University of Texas

University of Texas at Austin

The University of Texas at Austin is a state research university located in Austin, Texas, USA, and is the flagship institution of the The University of Texas System. Founded in 1883, its campus is located approximately from the Texas State Capitol in Austin...

at Austin

Austin, Texas

Austin is the capital city of the U.S. state of :Texas and the seat of Travis County. Located in Central Texas on the eastern edge of the American Southwest, it is the fourth-largest city in Texas and the 14th most populous city in the United States. It was the third-fastest-growing large city in...

in 1965 with a degree in elementary and special education

Special education

Special education is the education of students with special needs in a way that addresses the students' individual differences and needs. Ideally, this process involves the individually planned and systematically monitored arrangement of teaching procedures, adapted equipment and materials,...

. After graduation, she worked as a special education teacher in Austin, but she quit and moved to the District in 1966 after visiting the city.

1974–1988

Schwartz is a moderate Republican

Republican Party (United States)

The Republican Party is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States, along with the Democratic Party. Founded by anti-slavery expansion activists in 1854, it is often called the GOP . The party's platform generally reflects American conservatism in the U.S...

, who entered D.C. politics in 1974 as a member of the Board of Education representing Ward 3. Reelected four years later, she unsuccessfully ran for president of the Board of Education in 1980.

In 1984 she ran for the City Council

Council of the District of Columbia

as an at-large

At-Large

At-large is a designation for representative members of a governing body who are elected or appointed to represent the whole membership of the body , rather than a subset of that membership...

member. She ran against Jerry A. Moore, Jr.

Jerry A. Moore, Jr.

Jerry Alexander Moore, Jr. , is a retired Baptist minister and former politician in Washington, D.C. He served as pastor of the Nineteenth Street Baptist Church for 50 years...

, who had held the seat for ten years and who was also a Republican. After Schwartz defeated Moore in the Republican primary, Moore decided to run a write-in campaign in the general election, but Schwartz won the general election as well.

In 1986, Schwartz ran for mayor against incumbent Marion Barry

Marion Barry

Marion Shepilov Barry, Jr. is an American Democratic politician who is currently serving as a member of the Council of the District of Columbia, representing DC's Ward 8. Barry served as the second elected mayor of the District of Columbia from 1979 to 1991, and again as the fourth mayor from 1995...

, campaigning that "there is no Republican or Democratic way to pick up the trash." Schwartz received 33 percent of the vote, and Barry won reelection. In an interview in 1994, Schwartz said the results exceeded her expectations; she had only expected to receive 10 percent of the vote running against Barry. After the 1988 suicide of her husband, David H. Schwartz, she decided not to run for reelection to the Council that year.

1994–1998

Schwartz reentered politics in 1994, running again for mayor. Marion Barry also reentered politics that year, successfully defeating incumbent mayor Sharon Pratt Kelly

Sharon Pratt Kelly

Sharon Pratt Kelly , formerly Sharon Pratt Dixon and now known as Sharon Pratt, was the third mayor of the District of Columbia from 1991 to 1995. Pratt was the first African-American woman to serve as mayor of a major American city...

in the Democratic primary election. In the general election, Schwartz received 42 percent of the vote, and Barry won the election.

In 1996, Schwartz ran for an at-large seat in the Council. The only Republican on the ballot, she won the race and rejoined the Council.

In 1998, Schwartz ran for mayor for the third time, campaigning for "safe streets, good schools, a clean environment." Schwartz received 30% of the vote in the general election, and Anthony A. Williams

Anthony A. Williams

Anthony Allen "Tony" Williams is an American politician who served as the fifth mayor of the District of Columbia for two terms, from 1999 to 2007. He had previously served as chief financial officer for the District, managing to balance the budget and achieve a surplus within two years of...

was elected mayor. She successfully ran for reelection to the Council in 2000.

2002–2005

In 2002, Schwartz decided not to run officially in the Republican primary for mayor, but said she would consider running in general election if she won the write-in vote in the primary election. Schwartz campaigned against the incumbent, Anthony Williams, saying that his "stewardship has been marred by ethical lapses, questionable judgment and a cold lack of compassion for our poorest and most helpless citizens." With no individual's name on the ballot for mayor in the Republican primary, Republican voters could only write-in a candidate's name for mayor. Incumbent Anthony Williams was running a write-in campaign in the Democratic primary after many of his petitions to run on the Democratic ballot were found to be invalid. Williams ended up winning not only the Democratic primary as a write-in candidate, but he also won the Republican primary as a write-in candidate, receiving 1,707 votes compared to Schwartz's 999. The District of Columbia Board of Elections and Ethics declared Williams the winner of the Democratic primary, but it also declared that there was no winner in the Republican primary. The Board allowed the Republican committee to choose a Republican nominee for mayor in the general election, and the committee chose Carol Schwartz. Schwartz accepted the Republican nomination, officially entering the election for mayor for the fourth time. Schwartz received 34% of the vote in the general election while Williams received 61%, and Williams won reelection.

In 2004, Schwartz successfully ran for reelection to the Council.

In 2005, to mock supporters of the proposed smoking ban

Smoking ban

Smoking bans are public policies, including criminal laws and occupational safety and health regulations, which prohibit tobacco smoking in workplaces and/or other public spaces...

in D.C. bars, she introduced legislation to "ban the sale of alcohol in all bars, restaurants and nightclubs", arguing that alcohol, like cigarettes, is unhealthy. Schwartz, a 40-year smoker who kicked the habit in 2001, explained her position by telling The Washington Post
The Washington Post
The Washington Post is Washington, D.C.'s largest newspaper and its oldest still-existing paper, founded in 1877. Located in the capital of the United States, The Post has a particular emphasis on national politics. D.C., Maryland, and Virginia editions are printed for daily circulation...

: "I like freedom of choice about abortion

Abortion

Abortion is defined as the termination of pregnancy by the removal or expulsion from the uterus of a fetus or embryo prior to viability. An abortion can occur spontaneously, in which case it is usually called a miscarriage, or it can be purposely induced...

and nude dancing consenting adults should have choices." Instead of prohibiting smoking in all restaurants and bars, Schwartz favored giving tax credits to those establishments that voluntarily prohibit smoking on their premises.

2007–2008

In 2007 and 2008, Schwartz shepherded the Accrued Sick and Safe Leave Act through the Council. The law, which was adopted in March 2008, requires District employers to give their workers paid time off

Paid time off

Paid time off is a feature in some employee agreements that provides a "resource" of hours that an employee can draw from to take time off from work, without having to specify a reason....

to address their health needs or those of a family member.
The bill faced significant opposition from the District's business community, as well as from several of Schwartz's colleagues on the Council. The law made the District the second jurisdiction in the U.S. to create a mandated sick leave requirement, following San Francisco. The D.C. law represents the first time a paid sick days requirement was adopted by a city- or state-level legislative body in the U.S.; the San Francisco law was adopted as a ballot initiative. The D.C. law also represents the first law to require employers to offer time paid time off to victims of stalking, sexual assault, or domestic violence who need time off to seek medical care, shelter, counseling, a court order, or other services related to the domestic violence. The San Francisco law does not require paid leave for this purpose.

2008 reelection campaign

Schwartz ran for reelection to the Council in 2008. Patrick Mara, a government relations consultant, ran against her in the Republican primary election.

Mara depicted Schwartz as "not representative of core urban Republican values." He did not consider her a fiscal conservative, saying that Schwartz "did nothing to halt a 51 percent increase in the D.C. budget in four years." In response, Schwartz noted another council member who voted for the budget increases was David Catania

David Catania

David A. Catania is an American politician and lawyer from Washington, D.C. He is currently a member of the Council of the District of Columbia, where he serves as an independent, elected at-large .-Biography:Born in Kansas City, Missouri, Catania is a graduate of Georgetown University's School...

, whom Mara has said he admires. Mara disagreed with the idea that Schwartz is an outsider battling the system because she is part of the system. Schwartz questioned the source of Mara's campaign money, saying that 85 percent of Mara's contributions were given by special interests and sources outside the District. At the time, Schwartz said it was unlikely she would run as an independent in the general election if she were to lose the Republican primary.

The D.C. Republican Party endorsed Schwartz in the primary, pointing out her "record advocating for DC taxpayers"; in response, Mara predicted that the party would ultimately "regret" that decision. The Service Employees International Union

Service Employees International Union

Service Employees International Union is a labor union representing about 1.8 million workers in over 100 occupations in the United States , and Canada...

Local 722 also endorsed Schwartz due to her support of the sick leave bill. The Washington Post endorsed Mara. The business community strongly supported Mara, largely because of Schwartz's bill requiring businesses to allow paid sick leave for employees, a bill of which Schwartz was particularly proud. The Greater Washington Board of Trade and the D.C. Chamber of Commerce PAC both endorsed Mara and raised money for his campaign.

According to unofficial results released on September 10, Mara had received 60 percent of votes, while Schwartz received 40 percent. At around 9:15 pm on the day of the primary, Schwartz seemed to admit defeat, saying that "We've just got to deal with reality here." Schwartz said she would not endorse Mara in the general election because of the "guttural nature of the campaign." Schwartz also said she would "never wage a write-in campaign" in the general election.

On September 15, Schwartz announced that she would run as a write-in candidate

Write-in candidate

A write-in candidate is a candidate in an election whose name does not appear on the ballot, but for whom voters may vote nonetheless by writing in the person's name. Some states and local jurisdictions allow a voter to affix a sticker with a write-in candidate's name on it to the ballot in lieu...

in the general election. Schwartz said that a "huge outpouring of support" had urged her to either run as an independent candidate, which she would not do, or a write-in candidate. Schwartz noted that while Mara won the 2008 Republican primary with 2,234 votes and 12.6 percent of Republicans voting, she had won the 2004 general election with 93,743 votes. She said that the "few voters" who had decided the outcome of the Republican primary should not decide the general election "for the rest of us". Schwartz said she was also motivated to run due to Mara's "extremely nasty, dishonest and unfair efforts to undermine my record", as well as his efforts in convincing local college students "with no real vested interest in the District" to register as Republicans in the District.

In response, Mara said that his campaign materials were based on Schwartz's votes and actions, that he had visited thousands of Republican voters' homes, and that he had only convinced 15 college students to register as Republicans in the District. Mara considered Schwartz's decision unsurprising and "pretty neutral" to his general election campaign. Mara said he would "welcome any and all challengers in the general election."

Endorsements in the general election were varied. The D.C. Republican party, Log Cabin Republicans of D.C., and the Greater Washington Board of Trade all support Mara. The editorial board of The Washington Post published an endorsement of both Mara and incumbent Democrat Kwame Brown

Kwame Brown

Kwame James Brown is an American professional basketball player who last played for the Charlotte Bobcats. The , center was the 1st overall pick in the 2001 NBA Draft by the Washington Wizards, and was the first number one draft pick to be selected straight out of high school...

. The Fraternal Order of Police has endorsed Schwartz. Service Employees International Union Local 722, the political action committee

Political action committee

In the United States, a political action committee, or PAC, is the name commonly given to a private group, regardless of size, organized to elect political candidates or to advance the outcome of a political issue or legislation. Legally, what constitutes a "PAC" for purposes of regulation is a...

of the
Hotel Association of Washington, and the news editor of The Georgetown Voice supports Michael Brown. Among current council members, Jim Graham

Jim Graham

Jim Graham is a U.S. politician and a member of the Council of the District of Columbia. He is a Democrat representing Ward 1 - the most populated and diverse area in Washington, D.C....

, Muriel Bowser

Muriel Bowser

Muriel Bowser is a Democratic politician in Washington, D.C. She is a member of the Council of the District of Columbia representing Ward 4.-Early life:...

, and Phil Mendelson

Phil Mendelson

Philip Heath Mendelson is a politician from Washington, D.C.-Political career:In 1998, Mendelson was elected as a Democrat to be an at-large member of the Council of the District of Columbia, and he has been reelected twice....

endorsed Schwartz. Vincent Gray

Vincent C. Gray

Vincent C. Gray is an American politician who is currently serving as the seventh Mayor of the District of Columbia. Prior to his inauguration as mayor in January 2011, Gray served as Chairman of the Council of the District of Columbia, and as Councilmember for Ward 7...

, Harry Thomas, Jr.

Harry Thomas, Jr.

Harry "Tommy" Thomas, Jr. , is a Democratic politician in Washington, D.C. In 2006 he was elected to represent Ward 5 on the Council of the District of Columbia.-Biography:...

, David Catania

David Catania

, and Marion Barry

Marion Barry

endorsed Michael Brown.

In the general election, Mara was on the ballot with four other individuals. Democrat Kwame Brown is seeking reelection. David Schwartzman won the primary of the D.C. Statehood Green Party

D.C. Statehood Green Party

The D.C. Statehood Green Party, also known as the D.C. Statehood Party, is a political party in Washington, D.C. The party is the D.C. affiliate of the national Green Party, but has traditionally been involved primarily with issues related to D.C. Statehood...

. Three candidates, all formerly registered as Democrats, were listed as independents on the ballot: lobbyist Michael Brown, ANC

Advisory Neighborhood Commission

thumb|right|upright|The District of Columbia is divided into 8 wards, each of which is further divided into local ANCs.Advisory Neighborhood Commissions are bodies of local government in Washington, D.C...

commissioner Dee Hunter, and Mark H. Long.

Kwame Brown received 48 percent of votes, earning him reelection to the council, and Michael Brown received 20 percent, giving him the seat formerly occupied by Schwartz. In third place, write-in votes, including votes for Schwartz, comprised 11 percent.

Ideology

Schwartz is generally fiscally conservative and socially liberal. She opposes redirecting public money toward private and religious school through school vouchers and supports allowing smoking and nude dancing in bars. A fiscal conservative, she supports reducing taxes and smaller government budgets. She has blocked legislation requiring large retailers to pay a higher minimum wage to their employees.

Schwartz supports abortion rights, is popular among the gay community in Washington, and has been supportive of gay rights causes. Schwartz favors domestic partnerships, but she opposes instituting same-sex marriage

Same-sex marriage

Same-sex marriage is marriage between two persons of the same biological sex or social gender. Supporters of legal recognition for same-sex marriage typically refer to such recognition as marriage equality....

in Washington. She says her opposition stems not from her opposition to same-sex marriage, but her belief that it would engender a backlash from Congress. Schwartz believes that Congress

United States Congress

The United States Congress is the bicameral legislature of the federal government of the United States, consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Congress meets in the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C....

would quickly repeal the law and seek to overturn pro-gay legislation in the District, such as the domestic partnership registry and gay adoption law. She says she would probably vote in favor of a bill to establish same-sex marriage in the District if she was certain Congress would allow it. Schwartz has voted for legislation prohibiting insurance companies from discriminating against people with AIDS. Schwartz is opposed to including former criminals as protected classes in the District's human rights law, saying that jewelry stores should have the right not to hire convicted jewel thieves.

Schwartz also opposed the extension of the District's youth curfew in 2007. Schwartz voted in favor of the Accrued Sick and Safe Leave Act, which requires District employers to give their employees paid sick leave. Schwartz is in favor of instituting capital punishment.

While Schwartz supports giving the District full representation in Congress

District of Columbia voting rights

Voting rights of citizens in the District of Columbia differ from those of United States citizens in each of the fifty states. District of Columbia residents do not have voting representation in the United States Senate, but D.C. is entitled to three electoral votes for President. In the U.S...

and full control over its own affairs

District of Columbia home rule

District of Columbia home rule is a term to describe the various means by which residents of the District of Columbia are able to govern their local affairs...

, she does not favor statehood for the District, saying, "Statehood would be cutting off our nose to spite our face. We shouldn't give up our unique status as the national capital."

Election history

1986 Mayor of the District of Columbia, General Election
General election
In a parliamentary political system, a general election is an election in which all or most members of a given political body are chosen. The term is usually used to refer to elections held for a nation's primary legislative body, as distinguished from by-elections and local elections.The term...

Marion Barry Jr.
Marion Barry
Marion Shepilov Barry, Jr. is an American Democratic politician who is currently serving as a member of the Council of the District of Columbia, representing DC's Ward 8. Barry served as the second elected mayor of the District of Columbia from 1979 to 1991, and again as the fourth mayor from 1995...

(D

Democratic Party (United States)

The Democratic Party is one of two major contemporary political parties in the United States, along with the Republican Party. The party's socially liberal and progressive platform is largely considered center-left in the U.S. political spectrum. The party has the lengthiest record of continuous...

) 61%

Carol Schwartz (R

Republican Party (United States)

) 33%

other 6%

1994 Mayor of the District of Columbia, Republican
Republican Party (United States)
The Republican Party is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States, along with the Democratic Party. Founded by anti-slavery expansion activists in 1854, it is often called the GOP . The party's platform generally reflects American conservatism in the U.S...

Primary Election
Primary election
A primary election is an election in which party members or voters select candidates for a subsequent election. Primary elections are one means by which a political party nominates candidates for the next general election....

Carol Schwartz (R

Republican Party (United States)

) 75%

Brian Patrick Moore (R

Republican Party (United States)

) 13%

Write-in 12%

1994 Mayor of the District of Columbia, General Election
General election
In a parliamentary political system, a general election is an election in which all or most members of a given political body are chosen. The term is usually used to refer to elections held for a nation's primary legislative body, as distinguished from by-elections and local elections.The term...

Democratic Party (United States)

) 56%

Carol Schwartz (R

Republican Party (United States)

) 42%

Curtis Pree (I

Independent (politician)

In politics, an independent or non-party politician is an individual not affiliated to any political party. Independents may hold a centrist viewpoint between those of major political parties, a viewpoint more extreme than any major party, or they may have a viewpoint based on issues that they do...

) 0%

Jodean M. Marks (STG

D.C. Statehood Green Party

) 0%

Jesse Battle, Jr. (I

Independent (politician)

) 0%

Faith (I

Independent (politician)

) 0%

Aaron Ruby (I

Independent (politician)

) 0%

Write-in 1%

1996 Council of the District of Columbia
Council of the District of Columbia
The Council of the District of Columbia is the legislative branch of the local government of the District of Columbia. As permitted in the United States Constitution, the District is not part of any U.S. state and is instead overseen directly by the federal government...

, At Large
At-Large
At-large is a designation for representative members of a governing body who are elected or appointed to represent the whole membership of the body , rather than a subset of that membership...

, Republican
Republican Party (United States)
The Republican Party is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States, along with the Democratic Party. Founded by anti-slavery expansion activists in 1854, it is often called the GOP . The party's platform generally reflects American conservatism in the U.S...

Primary Election
Primary election
A primary election is an election in which party members or voters select candidates for a subsequent election. Primary elections are one means by which a political party nominates candidates for the next general election....

Carol Schwartz (R

Republican Party (United States)

) 96%

Write-in 4%

1996 Council of the District of Columbia
Council of the District of Columbia
The Council of the District of Columbia is the legislative branch of the local government of the District of Columbia. As permitted in the United States Constitution, the District is not part of any U.S. state and is instead overseen directly by the federal government...

, At Large
At-Large
At-large is a designation for representative members of a governing body who are elected or appointed to represent the whole membership of the body , rather than a subset of that membership...

, General Election
General election
In a parliamentary political system, a general election is an election in which all or most members of a given political body are chosen. The term is usually used to refer to elections held for a nation's primary legislative body, as distinguished from by-elections and local elections.The term...

Harold Brazil
Harold Brazil
Harold Brazil is a lawyer and Democratic politician in Washington, D.C. He was an elected member of the Council of the District of Columbia from 1991 to 2005, first representing Ward 6 and then as an at-large member....

(D

Democratic Party (United States)

) 43%

Carol Schwartz (R

Republican Party (United States)

) 29%

Sam Jordan (STG

D.C. Statehood Green Party

) 7%

Mark Thompson (Umoja) 6%

Valencia Mohammed (I

Independent (politician)

) 6%

James Baxter (I

Independent (politician)

) 5%

Robert Hamilton Jr. (I

Independent (politician)

) 1%

Ernest (Ernie) Brooks (I

Independent (politician)

) 1%

Don Folden Sr. (I

Independent (politician)

) 1%

Write-in 0%

1998 Mayor of the District of Columbia, Republican
Republican Party (United States)
The Republican Party is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States, along with the Democratic Party. Founded by anti-slavery expansion activists in 1854, it is often called the GOP . The party's platform generally reflects American conservatism in the U.S...

Primary Election
Primary election
A primary election is an election in which party members or voters select candidates for a subsequent election. Primary elections are one means by which a political party nominates candidates for the next general election....

Carol Schwartz (R

Republican Party (United States)

) 89%

Write-in 12%

1998 Mayor of the District of Columbia, General Election
General election
In a parliamentary political system, a general election is an election in which all or most members of a given political body are chosen. The term is usually used to refer to elections held for a nation's primary legislative body, as distinguished from by-elections and local elections.The term...

Anthony "Tony" Williams
Anthony A. Williams
Anthony Allen "Tony" Williams is an American politician who served as the fifth mayor of the District of Columbia for two terms, from 1999 to 2007. He had previously served as chief financial officer for the District, managing to balance the budget and achieve a surplus within two years of...

(D

Democratic Party (United States)

) 66%

Carol Schwartz (R

Republican Party (United States)

) 30%

John Gloster (STG

D.C. Statehood Green Party

) 2%

Alpha Brown (I

Independent (politician)

) 0%

Brian P. Moore (I

Independent (politician)

) 0%

Faith (I

Independent (politician)

) 0%

Sam Manuel (SWP

Socialist Workers Party (United States)

The Socialist Workers Party is a far-left political organization in the United States. The group places a priority on "solidarity work" to aid strikes and is strongly supportive of Cuba...

) 0%

Albert Ceccone (I

Independent (politician)

) 0%

Write-in 0%

2000 Council of the District of Columbia
Council of the District of Columbia
The Council of the District of Columbia is the legislative branch of the local government of the District of Columbia. As permitted in the United States Constitution, the District is not part of any U.S. state and is instead overseen directly by the federal government...

, At Large
At-Large
At-large is a designation for representative members of a governing body who are elected or appointed to represent the whole membership of the body , rather than a subset of that membership...

, Republican
Republican Party (United States)
The Republican Party is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States, along with the Democratic Party. Founded by anti-slavery expansion activists in 1854, it is often called the GOP . The party's platform generally reflects American conservatism in the U.S...

Primary Election
Primary election
A primary election is an election in which party members or voters select candidates for a subsequent election. Primary elections are one means by which a political party nominates candidates for the next general election....

Carol Schwartz (R

Republican Party (United States)

) 97%

Write-in 3%

2000 Council of the District of Columbia
Council of the District of Columbia
The Council of the District of Columbia is the legislative branch of the local government of the District of Columbia. As permitted in the United States Constitution, the District is not part of any U.S. state and is instead overseen directly by the federal government...

, At Large
At-Large
At-large is a designation for representative members of a governing body who are elected or appointed to represent the whole membership of the body , rather than a subset of that membership...

, General Election
General election
In a parliamentary political system, a general election is an election in which all or most members of a given political body are chosen. The term is usually used to refer to elections held for a nation's primary legislative body, as distinguished from by-elections and local elections.The term...

Democratic Party (United States)

) 51%

Carol Schwartz (R

Republican Party (United States)

) 29%

Arturo Griffiths (STG

D.C. Statehood Green Party

) 11%

Daphne M. McBryde (I

Independent (politician)

) 4%

Chris Ray (I

Independent (politician)

) 2%

Matthew G. Mercurio (LIB

Libertarian Party (United States)

The Libertarian Party is the third largest and fastest growing political party in the United States. The political platform of the Libertarian Party reflects its brand of libertarianism, favoring minimally regulated, laissez-faire markets, strong civil liberties, minimally regulated migration...

) 2%

Write-in 0%

2002 Mayor of the District of Columbia, General Election
General election
In a parliamentary political system, a general election is an election in which all or most members of a given political body are chosen. The term is usually used to refer to elections held for a nation's primary legislative body, as distinguished from by-elections and local elections.The term...

Democratic Party (United States)

) 61%

Carol Schwartz (R

Republican Party (United States)

) 34%

Steve Donkin (STG

D.C. Statehood Green Party

) 2%

Tricia Kinch (I

Independent (politician)

) 1%

Sam Manuel (SWP

Socialist Workers Party (United States)

The Socialist Workers Party is a far-left political organization in the United States. The group places a priority on "solidarity work" to aid strikes and is strongly supportive of Cuba...

) 1%

Write-in 1%

2004 Council of the District of Columbia
Council of the District of Columbia
The Council of the District of Columbia is the legislative branch of the local government of the District of Columbia. As permitted in the United States Constitution, the District is not part of any U.S. state and is instead overseen directly by the federal government...

, At Large
At-Large
At-large is a designation for representative members of a governing body who are elected or appointed to represent the whole membership of the body , rather than a subset of that membership...

, Republican
Republican Party (United States)
The Republican Party is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States, along with the Democratic Party. Founded by anti-slavery expansion activists in 1854, it is often called the GOP . The party's platform generally reflects American conservatism in the U.S...

Primary Election
Primary election
A primary election is an election in which party members or voters select candidates for a subsequent election. Primary elections are one means by which a political party nominates candidates for the next general election....

Carol Schwartz (R

Republican Party (United States)

) 83%

Robert Pittman (R

Republican Party (United States)

) 11%

Don Folden, Sr. (R

Republican Party (United States)

) 3%

Write-in 3%

2004 Council of the District of Columbia
Council of the District of Columbia
The Council of the District of Columbia is the legislative branch of the local government of the District of Columbia. As permitted in the United States Constitution, the District is not part of any U.S. state and is instead overseen directly by the federal government...

, At Large
At-Large
At-large is a designation for representative members of a governing body who are elected or appointed to represent the whole membership of the body , rather than a subset of that membership...

, General Election
General election
In a parliamentary political system, a general election is an election in which all or most members of a given political body are chosen. The term is usually used to refer to elections held for a nation's primary legislative body, as distinguished from by-elections and local elections.The term...

Kwame R. Brown
Kwame R. Brown
Kwame Rashaan Brown is an American politician in Washington, D.C., who is currently chairman of the Council of the District of Columbia and was an at-large member of the council from 2005 to 2011...

(D

Democratic Party (United States)

) 55%

Carol Schwartz (R

Republican Party (United States)

) 31%

Laurent Ross (STG

D.C. Statehood Green Party

) 8%

A.D. "Tony" Dominguez (I

Independent (politician)

) 5%

Write-in 1%

2008 Council of the District of Columbia
Council of the District of Columbia
The Council of the District of Columbia is the legislative branch of the local government of the District of Columbia. As permitted in the United States Constitution, the District is not part of any U.S. state and is instead overseen directly by the federal government...

, At Large
At-Large
At-large is a designation for representative members of a governing body who are elected or appointed to represent the whole membership of the body , rather than a subset of that membership...

, Republican
Republican Party (United States)
The Republican Party is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States, along with the Democratic Party. Founded by anti-slavery expansion activists in 1854, it is often called the GOP . The party's platform generally reflects American conservatism in the U.S...

Primary Election
Primary election
A primary election is an election in which party members or voters select candidates for a subsequent election. Primary elections are one means by which a political party nominates candidates for the next general election....

Patrick Mara (R

Republican Party (United States)

) 59%

Carol Schwartz (R

Republican Party (United States)

) 41%

Write-in <1%

2008 Council of the District of Columbia
Council of the District of Columbia
The Council of the District of Columbia is the legislative branch of the local government of the District of Columbia. As permitted in the United States Constitution, the District is not part of any U.S. state and is instead overseen directly by the federal government...

, At Large
At-Large
At-large is a designation for representative members of a governing body who are elected or appointed to represent the whole membership of the body , rather than a subset of that membership...

, General Election
General election
In a parliamentary political system, a general election is an election in which all or most members of a given political body are chosen. The term is usually used to refer to elections held for a nation's primary legislative body, as distinguished from by-elections and local elections.The term...

Certified Results

Democratic Party (United States)

) 48%

Michael A. Brown (D

Democratic Party (United States)

) 20%

Write-in, including Carol Schwartz (R

Republican Party (United States)

) 11%

Patrick Mara (R

Republican Party (United States)

) 10%

David Schwartzman (STG

D.C. Statehood Green Party

) 5%

Mark H. Long (I

Independent (politician)

) 4%

Dee Hunter (I

Independent (politician)

) 2%

External links

Official Web site of Councilmember Carol Schwartz
Carol Schwartz Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Estelle and Melvin Gelman Library, The George Washington University.

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