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Cathedral of Christ the King (Hamilton)
Encyclopedia
Cathedral of Christ the King is a Roman Catholic church in Hamilton, Ontario
Canada
. The Cathedral was consecrated on December 19, 1933. It is the seat of the Bishop
of the Diocese of Hamilton, and the cathedral of the Diocese of Hamilton
. The cathedral contains the cathedra (bishop's chair) of bishop the most Rev. Douglas Crosby D.D. OMI. Bishop Crosby, the Hamilton diocese's 9th bishop, celebrated the 13th year of ordination as a bishop on Sunday January 2nd, 2011, the Solemnity of the Epiphany of our Lord. Bishop Anthony Tonnos, bishop of the diocese of Hamilton, officially retired on Nov. 8th, 2010, the date of the installation of Bishop Crosby. He had served as bishop for a total of 27 years in the diocese. Retired auxiliary bishop Matthew Ustrzycki, still continues to be active in the diocese along with Bishop emeritis Tonnos. Former auxiliary bishop Gerard Bergie has been named bishop of St. Catharines, Ontario. A new auxiliary bishop of Hamilton will eventually be appointed by the pope.
On the south side of the bell tower, is the cornerstone blessed by Bishop McNally, builder of the Cathedral and fifth bishop of the diocese. It is a stone excavated from the Roman Catacombs to symbolize the cathedral's unity with the ancient Christian church, the first generation after Christ.
The Cathedral is located atop a hill facing south. The South "King St." doors open up to a massive fine stone staircase leading down into the front parking lot.
The pure gothic belltower containing a carillon of 23 bells, is 165 feet high and visible from a great distance. The largest bell called the Bourdon Bell, weighs 4½ tons and was donated by Prime Minister of Canada, R. Bennett, a friend of Bishop McNally's. At night, the Cathedral is illuminated by flood lights and creates an imposing sight, especially from the Hamilton escarpment.
Christ the King Cathedral is the home of many activities for Roman Catholic schools within the diocese, such as Confirmation retreats and other religious activities for school - aged children and adults alike.
Parish organizations include the Knights of Columbus, Children's Liturgy, Bazaar Committee, Social Committee, Altar Servers, Cathedral ushers, Catholic Women's League, St. Vincent De Paul Charities, extraordinary ministers of Holy Communion, the Cathedral Choir which sings at the 11 am Mass, the Tenor-Bass Men's choir which sings at the 9 am Mass and the Cathedral Cantors which lead the singing at the 5pm Saturday and Sunday afternoon 4pm Mass.
There is also a parish advisory committee made up of all the Ministry leaders. The music department presents approximately 5 concerts per year of various choirs and orchestras.
Joseph Pigott
was a construction giant who headed the family business that built Hamilton landmarks including City Hall, the Pigott Building, Copps Coliseum
and Christ the King Cathedral.
Some of the renovations that were added after the fire are:
The cathedral interior is pure 13th Century English Gothic. Two kinds of limestone grace its walls and pillars: Indiana Limestone and Ontario Credit Valley Limestone. Its vaulted ceiling, with gold bosses, is a direct copy of Norwich Cathedral
in England. It also has seating for over 1000 parishioners in the nave and 200 in the Sanctuary area, with television flat screens installed on the side Indiana limestone columns for blind spots. The left side altar with its magnificent large painting of Christ's entry into Jerusalem on Palm Sunday, contains the holy oils in three gold urns. The right side altar contains a massive painting of the Nativity Scene and a mosaic of the Eastern Catholic Churches: Our Lady of Perpetual Help. A large 88 ton marble Ciborium, sometimes erroneously called a Baldachino, in the shape of a crown, the symbol of a royalty and kingship, graces the north end of the cathedral over the tabernacle. Although this is not a normal feature of Gothic architecture, its Gothic design blends in perfectly with the architectural style of the Cathedral. The major patriarchal basilicas in Rome, namely, St. Peter's, St. Paul Outside the Walls, St. John Lateran Cathedral and St. Mary Major, all have a ciborium [baldachino] over their altar of sacrifice.
Each of the presidential chairs and sanctuary choir stalls have pelicans carved in solid oak as arm rests. The pelican is an ancient symbol of self-sacrifice and redemption. If the mother pelican cannot find food for its babies, it bites its breast and feeds them with her own blood. This is a symbol of Christ shedding His blood for us, dying on the cross.
The cathedral is home to 82 stained glass windows by F. Meyer of Munich, including depictions from the New Testament, numerous saint depictions at the very top walls of the cathedral in the clerestory, and a grand masterpiece rose window
at the very rear above the organ, depicting the Communion of Saints and Christ the King. Some the saints featured in the rose window are: Blessed Virgin Mary, St. Peter, St. Paul, St. Sebastian, St. Rose of Lima, St. Benedict, St. Francis of Assisi, King David, St. Louis of France, St. Matthew and St. Thaddeus.
The center bottom panel contains images of Pope Pius XI and Bishop John McNally. The bottom left panel contains an image of Theresa Nuemann, the famous 20th century German stigmatist who died in 1962. Bishop McNally visited her on one of his visits to Bavaria prior to the Cathedral's construction.
The 235 foot central nave is flanked by two side aisles divided by massive Indiana limestone pillars. The nave is 72 feet wide and 90 feet high. The rear narthex of the church contains a solid oak statue of Christ the King.
The choir loft houses a large, four manual Steinmeyer pipe organ built in Ottengen, Bavaria with almost 5,000 pipes played for all Masses and Services by Cathedral organist Robert Corso.
The organ contains 86 ranks of pipes. The tone of the organ ranges from a very deep profound bass, with many large wooden pipes, to a very brilliant sound with 14 ranks of mixtures on the Great, [main] manual alone, containing pipes with a high tin content, adding to the overall brilliance of sound. One of the features of the choir manual [bottom keyboard] is a set of pipes made entirely of copper, named Copper Gedect. The large scale facade pipes consisting of the pedal Diapason 16' and the Great manual's Diapason 16' are constructed of zinc. In 1990, a new 4 manual console was added, built by R.A Colbey and Son, Johnson City, Tennessee, temporarily used by the Mormon Tabernacle during their organ console rebuild in the late 1980s. The new console has solid state multiple memory banks for selecting different combinations of stops rapidly. To rebuild the organ today in 2011 would cost approximately $2.2 million Canadian dollars.
The Cathedral also contains Italian marble constructed in Trompe l'oeil style. [Three dimensional style]. Its black squares appear to come off the floor adding a depth of perspective. This is reminiscent of the floor in the side aisle of St. John Lateran Cathedral in Rome, Italy. This Trompe l'oeil style is used around the floor of the Tablernacle, under the ciborium and also on the back of the presidential chairs in the sanctuary.
The Cathedral also houses 14 stunning 3/4 bas relief Stations of the Cross
carved in Italy using Cararra white marble. This is the same marble Michelangelo used to carve the Pieta in St. Peter's basilica, Rome.
Beneath the main church, as accessed by a side door next to the rectory
is the Parish Hall, which was renovated in the early 21st century. Also in the basement of the church is the Marian Chapel, used for daily Mass as well as a choir rehearsal room and kitchen and washrooms.
The two marble side altars were also moved 25' back to increase the size of the chancel. A large marble floor in the Chancel replaces the original cork floor and carpeting covers the nave.
. The offices for the diocese are located just off to the side of the cathedral, next to the rectory.
The cathedral is perched atop a hill overlooking Highway 403
leading in towards the rest of Hamilton and one travelling towards Oakville
, Mississauga and Toronto
.
Hamilton, Ontario
Hamilton is a port city in the Canadian province of Ontario. Conceived by George Hamilton when he purchased the Durand farm shortly after the War of 1812, Hamilton has become the centre of a densely populated and industrialized region at the west end of Lake Ontario known as the Golden Horseshoe...
Canada
Canada
Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
. The Cathedral was consecrated on December 19, 1933. It is the seat of the Bishop
Bishop
A bishop is an ordained or consecrated member of the Christian clergy who is generally entrusted with a position of authority and oversight. Within the Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox Churches, in the Assyrian Church of the East, in the Independent Catholic Churches, and in the...
of the Diocese of Hamilton, and the cathedral of the Diocese of Hamilton
Roman Catholic Diocese of Hamilton, Ontario
The Diocese of Hamilton was created on February 29, 1856 by a division of the Archdiocese of Toronto. It remains a suffragan of that archdiocese. The Diocese of Hamilton comprises the counties and regions of Brant, Bruce, Grey, Halton, Waterloo, Wellington, Wentworth, as well as four Townships in...
. The cathedral contains the cathedra (bishop's chair) of bishop the most Rev. Douglas Crosby D.D. OMI. Bishop Crosby, the Hamilton diocese's 9th bishop, celebrated the 13th year of ordination as a bishop on Sunday January 2nd, 2011, the Solemnity of the Epiphany of our Lord. Bishop Anthony Tonnos, bishop of the diocese of Hamilton, officially retired on Nov. 8th, 2010, the date of the installation of Bishop Crosby. He had served as bishop for a total of 27 years in the diocese. Retired auxiliary bishop Matthew Ustrzycki, still continues to be active in the diocese along with Bishop emeritis Tonnos. Former auxiliary bishop Gerard Bergie has been named bishop of St. Catharines, Ontario. A new auxiliary bishop of Hamilton will eventually be appointed by the pope.
On the south side of the bell tower, is the cornerstone blessed by Bishop McNally, builder of the Cathedral and fifth bishop of the diocese. It is a stone excavated from the Roman Catacombs to symbolize the cathedral's unity with the ancient Christian church, the first generation after Christ.
Cathedral activities
Christ the King Cathedral Masses are usually presided over by the parish rector, but occasionally, one of the bishops or guest priests will preside.The Cathedral is located atop a hill facing south. The South "King St." doors open up to a massive fine stone staircase leading down into the front parking lot.
The pure gothic belltower containing a carillon of 23 bells, is 165 feet high and visible from a great distance. The largest bell called the Bourdon Bell, weighs 4½ tons and was donated by Prime Minister of Canada, R. Bennett, a friend of Bishop McNally's. At night, the Cathedral is illuminated by flood lights and creates an imposing sight, especially from the Hamilton escarpment.
Christ the King Cathedral is the home of many activities for Roman Catholic schools within the diocese, such as Confirmation retreats and other religious activities for school - aged children and adults alike.
Parish organizations include the Knights of Columbus, Children's Liturgy, Bazaar Committee, Social Committee, Altar Servers, Cathedral ushers, Catholic Women's League, St. Vincent De Paul Charities, extraordinary ministers of Holy Communion, the Cathedral Choir which sings at the 11 am Mass, the Tenor-Bass Men's choir which sings at the 9 am Mass and the Cathedral Cantors which lead the singing at the 5pm Saturday and Sunday afternoon 4pm Mass.
There is also a parish advisory committee made up of all the Ministry leaders. The music department presents approximately 5 concerts per year of various choirs and orchestras.
Building history
William Russell Souter (architect) designed Cathedral of Christ the King (Hamilton)(1931-3).Joseph Pigott
Joseph Pigott
Joseph M. Pigott was a prominent Canadian businessman, who jointly ran Pigott Construction Company, responsible for some of Canada's largest industrial plants and finest buildings.-Career:...
was a construction giant who headed the family business that built Hamilton landmarks including City Hall, the Pigott Building, Copps Coliseum
Copps Coliseum
Copps Coliseum is a sports and entertainment arena, on the corner of Bay Street North and York Boulevard, in Hamilton, Ontario. Depending on event, the Copps Coliseum has a capacity of up to 19,000.It is named after the former Hamilton mayor, Victor K...
and Christ the King Cathedral.
Interior
Construction was begun by the Pigott Construction Company of Hamilton in 1930 and completed in 1933. Renovations were carried out in 1981 when it was damaged by a fire earlier that year. One stained glass window was completely rebuilt by the original craftsman, F. Meyer of Munich, Germany.Some of the renovations that were added after the fire are:
- a solid Italian marble floor for the altar containing intricate designs and various colours,
- a new marble altar and presidential chairs including the Bishop's Cathedra
- a reconfigured ambo for readers of the scriptures at Mass.
- new lighting and sound system
- air conditioning of the entire Cathedral and basement hall
- a new four manual organ console [see below]
- the two large paintings of "Christ's entry into Jerusalem on Palm Sunday" and "The Nativity" were restored by the National Gallery in Ottawa and switched sides in the Cathedral from their original 1933 placement.
The cathedral interior is pure 13th Century English Gothic. Two kinds of limestone grace its walls and pillars: Indiana Limestone and Ontario Credit Valley Limestone. Its vaulted ceiling, with gold bosses, is a direct copy of Norwich Cathedral
Norwich Cathedral
Norwich Cathedral is a cathedral located in Norwich, Norfolk, dedicated to the Holy and Undivided Trinity. Formerly a Catholic church, it has belonged to the Church of England since the English Reformation....
in England. It also has seating for over 1000 parishioners in the nave and 200 in the Sanctuary area, with television flat screens installed on the side Indiana limestone columns for blind spots. The left side altar with its magnificent large painting of Christ's entry into Jerusalem on Palm Sunday, contains the holy oils in three gold urns. The right side altar contains a massive painting of the Nativity Scene and a mosaic of the Eastern Catholic Churches: Our Lady of Perpetual Help. A large 88 ton marble Ciborium, sometimes erroneously called a Baldachino, in the shape of a crown, the symbol of a royalty and kingship, graces the north end of the cathedral over the tabernacle. Although this is not a normal feature of Gothic architecture, its Gothic design blends in perfectly with the architectural style of the Cathedral. The major patriarchal basilicas in Rome, namely, St. Peter's, St. Paul Outside the Walls, St. John Lateran Cathedral and St. Mary Major, all have a ciborium [baldachino] over their altar of sacrifice.
Each of the presidential chairs and sanctuary choir stalls have pelicans carved in solid oak as arm rests. The pelican is an ancient symbol of self-sacrifice and redemption. If the mother pelican cannot find food for its babies, it bites its breast and feeds them with her own blood. This is a symbol of Christ shedding His blood for us, dying on the cross.
The cathedral is home to 82 stained glass windows by F. Meyer of Munich, including depictions from the New Testament, numerous saint depictions at the very top walls of the cathedral in the clerestory, and a grand masterpiece rose window
Rose window
A Rose window is often used as a generic term applied to a circular window, but is especially used for those found in churches of the Gothic architectural style and being divided into segments by stone mullions and tracery...
at the very rear above the organ, depicting the Communion of Saints and Christ the King. Some the saints featured in the rose window are: Blessed Virgin Mary, St. Peter, St. Paul, St. Sebastian, St. Rose of Lima, St. Benedict, St. Francis of Assisi, King David, St. Louis of France, St. Matthew and St. Thaddeus.
The center bottom panel contains images of Pope Pius XI and Bishop John McNally. The bottom left panel contains an image of Theresa Nuemann, the famous 20th century German stigmatist who died in 1962. Bishop McNally visited her on one of his visits to Bavaria prior to the Cathedral's construction.
The 235 foot central nave is flanked by two side aisles divided by massive Indiana limestone pillars. The nave is 72 feet wide and 90 feet high. The rear narthex of the church contains a solid oak statue of Christ the King.
The choir loft houses a large, four manual Steinmeyer pipe organ built in Ottengen, Bavaria with almost 5,000 pipes played for all Masses and Services by Cathedral organist Robert Corso.
The organ contains 86 ranks of pipes. The tone of the organ ranges from a very deep profound bass, with many large wooden pipes, to a very brilliant sound with 14 ranks of mixtures on the Great, [main] manual alone, containing pipes with a high tin content, adding to the overall brilliance of sound. One of the features of the choir manual [bottom keyboard] is a set of pipes made entirely of copper, named Copper Gedect. The large scale facade pipes consisting of the pedal Diapason 16' and the Great manual's Diapason 16' are constructed of zinc. In 1990, a new 4 manual console was added, built by R.A Colbey and Son, Johnson City, Tennessee, temporarily used by the Mormon Tabernacle during their organ console rebuild in the late 1980s. The new console has solid state multiple memory banks for selecting different combinations of stops rapidly. To rebuild the organ today in 2011 would cost approximately $2.2 million Canadian dollars.
The Cathedral also contains Italian marble constructed in Trompe l'oeil style. [Three dimensional style]. Its black squares appear to come off the floor adding a depth of perspective. This is reminiscent of the floor in the side aisle of St. John Lateran Cathedral in Rome, Italy. This Trompe l'oeil style is used around the floor of the Tablernacle, under the ciborium and also on the back of the presidential chairs in the sanctuary.
The Cathedral also houses 14 stunning 3/4 bas relief Stations of the Cross
Stations of the Cross
Stations of the Cross refers to the depiction of the final hours of Jesus, and the devotion commemorating the Passion. The tradition as chapel devotion began with St...
carved in Italy using Cararra white marble. This is the same marble Michelangelo used to carve the Pieta in St. Peter's basilica, Rome.
Beneath the main church, as accessed by a side door next to the rectory
Rectory
A rectory is the residence, or former residence, of a rector, most often a Christian cleric, but in some cases an academic rector or other person with that title...
is the Parish Hall, which was renovated in the early 21st century. Also in the basement of the church is the Marian Chapel, used for daily Mass as well as a choir rehearsal room and kitchen and washrooms.
Cathedral fire
Christ the King Cathedral was somewhat damaged by fire in 1981 when an arsonist set fire to the confessionals near the side entrance of the church. There was damage was done to the cork tile floor, the main pulpit, a stained glass window, the confessionals and side entrance to the Cathedral. Extensive renovations were made to repair and update the church, which now has a new second marble altar cut from the original and various woodwork additions. The stained glass window depicting Mary Magadalene washing the feet of Jesus, was rebuilt by F. Meyer, who came out of retirement at the age of 85. It was reconstructed according to the original 1930 plan.The two marble side altars were also moved 25' back to increase the size of the chancel. A large marble floor in the Chancel replaces the original cork floor and carpeting covers the nave.
Cathedral vicinity
Christ the King Cathedral is close in proximity to the Hamilton Wentworth Catholic District School Board administration offices, and the offices for the Diocese of HamiltonRoman Catholic Diocese of Hamilton, Ontario
The Diocese of Hamilton was created on February 29, 1856 by a division of the Archdiocese of Toronto. It remains a suffragan of that archdiocese. The Diocese of Hamilton comprises the counties and regions of Brant, Bruce, Grey, Halton, Waterloo, Wellington, Wentworth, as well as four Townships in...
. The offices for the diocese are located just off to the side of the cathedral, next to the rectory.
The cathedral is perched atop a hill overlooking Highway 403
Highway 403 (Ontario)
King's Highway 403, also known as Highway 403, is a 400-series highway in the Canadian province of Ontario that travels between Woodstock and Mississauga, branching off from and reuniting with Highway 401 at both ends and travelling south of it through Hamilton and Mississauga. It is concurrent...
leading in towards the rest of Hamilton and one travelling towards Oakville
Oakville, Ontario
Oakville is a town in Halton Region, on Lake Ontario in Southern Ontario, Canada, and is part of the Greater Toronto Area. As of the 2006 census the population was 165,613.-History:In 1793, Dundas Street was surveyed for a military road...
, Mississauga and Toronto
Toronto
Toronto is the provincial capital of Ontario and the largest city in Canada. It is located in Southern Ontario on the northwestern shore of Lake Ontario. A relatively modern city, Toronto's history dates back to the late-18th century, when its land was first purchased by the British monarchy from...
.