Ceanothus
Encyclopedia
Ceanothus L.
(icon) is a genus
of about 50–60 species of shrub
s or small tree
s in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae
. The genus is confined to North America
, the center of its distribution in California
, with some species (e.g. C. americanus) in the eastern United States
and southeast Canada
, and others (e.g. C. coeruleus) extending as far south as Guatemala
. Most are shrubs 0.5–3 m tall, but C. arboreus and C. thyrsiflorus, both from California, can be small trees up to 6–7 m tall.
The majority of the species are evergreen
, but the handful of species adapted to cold winters are deciduous
. The leaves are opposite or alternate (depending on species), small (typically 1–5 cm long), simple, and mostly with serrated margins.
Ceanothus species are easily identified by their unique leaf-vein structure shared by all plants within this genus. The leaves have three very prominent parallel veins extending from the leaf base to the outer margins of the leaf tips and the leaves are ovate in shape. The leaves have a shiny upper surface that feels "gummy" when pinched between the thumb and forefinger, and the roots of most species have red inner root bark.
The flowers are white, greenish-white, blue, dark purple-blue, pale purple or pink, maturing into a dry, three-lobed seed capsule.
The flowers are tiny and produced in large, dense clusters. A few species are reported to be intensely fragant almost to the point of being nauseating, and are said to resemble the odor of "boiling honey in an enclosed area." Many species have virtually no fragrance, beyond a general, woodsy freshness. The seeds of this plant can lie dormant for hundreds of years, and Ceanothus species are typically dependent on forest fires to trigger germination of its seeds.
, specifically mule deer
on the west coast. However, the leaves are not as nutritious from late spring to early fall as they are in early spring. Porcupines and quail have also been seen eating stems and seeds of these shrubs. The leaves are a good source of protein and the stems and leaves have been found to contain a high amount of calcium.
Plants in this genus are widely distributed and can be found on dry, sunny hillsides from coastal scrub lands to open forest clearings up to 9,000 feet. These plants are profusely distributed throughout the Rocky Mountains from British Columbia south through Colorado, the Cascades of Oregon and California, and the Coastal Ranges of California.
Ceanothus velutinus
is the most common member of this genus and is widespread throughout North America.
Many species are popular garden ornamental plant
s, and dozens of hybrids and cultivar
s have been selected, such as Flexible Ceanothus, Ceanothus × flexilis Greene ex McMinn (C. cuneatus × C. prostratus).
Ceanothus velutinus
was known as "red root" by many Native American tribes due to the color of the inner root bark, and was used as a medicine for treating lymphatic disorders, ovarian cysts, fibroid tumors, and tonsillitis. Clinical studies of the alkaloid compounds in Ceanothus velutinus has verified its effectiveness in treating high blood pressure and lymphatic blockages.
Native Americans used the dried leaves of this plant as a herbal tea, and early pioneers used the plant as a substitute for black tea. Miwok
Indians of California made baskets from Ceanothus branches. C. integerrimus has been used by North American tribes to ease childbirth. Ceanothus velutinus has been demonstrated to be very effective in relieving inflammation and irritation from infections of the mouth and throat.
The Californian species are sometimes known as California Lilac, but species found elsewhere have other common names, such as New Jersey Tea for C. americanus (as its leaves were used as a black tea substitute during colonial times). In garden use, most are simply called by their scientific names or an adaptation of the scientific name, such as Maritime Ceanothus for C. maritimus.
"Ceanothus" (four syllables, accented on the "o") was the name of a spiny Old World
plant whose identity is now obscure.
Carolus Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus , also known after his ennoblement as , was a Swedish botanist, physician, and zoologist, who laid the foundations for the modern scheme of binomial nomenclature. He is known as the father of modern taxonomy, and is also considered one of the fathers of modern ecology...
(icon) is a genus
Genus
In biology, a genus is a low-level taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, which is an example of definition by genus and differentia...
of about 50–60 species of shrub
Shrub
A shrub or bush is distinguished from a tree by its multiple stems and shorter height, usually under 5–6 m tall. A large number of plants may become either shrubs or trees, depending on the growing conditions they experience...
s or small tree
Tree
A tree is a perennial woody plant. It is most often defined as a woody plant that has many secondary branches supported clear of the ground on a single main stem or trunk with clear apical dominance. A minimum height specification at maturity is cited by some authors, varying from 3 m to...
s in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae
Rhamnaceae
Rhamnaceae, the Buckthorn family, is a large family of flowering plants, mostly trees, shrubs and some vines.The family contains 50-60 genera and approximately 870-900 species. The Rhamnaceae have a worldwide distribution, but are more common in the subtropical and tropical regions...
. The genus is confined to North America
North America
North America is a continent wholly within the Northern Hemisphere and almost wholly within the Western Hemisphere. It is also considered a northern subcontinent of the Americas...
, the center of its distribution in California
California
California is a state located on the West Coast of the United States. It is by far the most populous U.S. state, and the third-largest by land area...
, with some species (e.g. C. americanus) in the eastern United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
and southeast Canada
Canada
Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
, and others (e.g. C. coeruleus) extending as far south as Guatemala
Guatemala
Guatemala is a country in Central America bordered by Mexico to the north and west, the Pacific Ocean to the southwest, Belize to the northeast, the Caribbean to the east, and Honduras and El Salvador to the southeast...
. Most are shrubs 0.5–3 m tall, but C. arboreus and C. thyrsiflorus, both from California, can be small trees up to 6–7 m tall.
Description
Evergreen
In botany, an evergreen plant is a plant that has leaves in all seasons. This contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season.There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs...
, but the handful of species adapted to cold winters are deciduous
Deciduous
Deciduous means "falling off at maturity" or "tending to fall off", and is typically used in reference to trees or shrubs that lose their leaves seasonally, and to the shedding of other plant structures such as petals after flowering or fruit when ripe...
. The leaves are opposite or alternate (depending on species), small (typically 1–5 cm long), simple, and mostly with serrated margins.
Ceanothus species are easily identified by their unique leaf-vein structure shared by all plants within this genus. The leaves have three very prominent parallel veins extending from the leaf base to the outer margins of the leaf tips and the leaves are ovate in shape. The leaves have a shiny upper surface that feels "gummy" when pinched between the thumb and forefinger, and the roots of most species have red inner root bark.
The flowers are tiny and produced in large, dense clusters. A few species are reported to be intensely fragant almost to the point of being nauseating, and are said to resemble the odor of "boiling honey in an enclosed area." Many species have virtually no fragrance, beyond a general, woodsy freshness. The seeds of this plant can lie dormant for hundreds of years, and Ceanothus species are typically dependent on forest fires to trigger germination of its seeds.
Ecology
Ceanothus is a good source of nutrition for deerDeer
Deer are the ruminant mammals forming the family Cervidae. Species in the Cervidae family include white-tailed deer, elk, moose, red deer, reindeer, fallow deer, roe deer and chital. Male deer of all species and female reindeer grow and shed new antlers each year...
, specifically mule deer
Mule Deer
The mule deer is a deer indigenous to western North America. The Mule Deer gets its name from its large mule-like ears. There are believed to be several subspecies, including the black-tailed deer...
on the west coast. However, the leaves are not as nutritious from late spring to early fall as they are in early spring. Porcupines and quail have also been seen eating stems and seeds of these shrubs. The leaves are a good source of protein and the stems and leaves have been found to contain a high amount of calcium.
Distribution
Ceanothus velutinus
Ceanothus velutinus
Ceanothus velutinus, with the common names Snowbrush Ceanothus, Red Root, and Tobacco Brush, is a species of shrub in the buckthorn family, Rhamnaceae...
is the most common member of this genus and is widespread throughout North America.
Uses
Ornamental plant
Ornamental plants are plants that are grown for decorative purposes in gardens and landscape design projects, as house plants, for cut flowers and specimen display...
s, and dozens of hybrids and cultivar
Cultivar
A cultivar'Cultivar has two meanings as explained under Formal definition. When used in reference to a taxon, the word does not apply to an individual plant but to all those plants sharing the unique characteristics that define the cultivar. is a plant or group of plants selected for desirable...
s have been selected, such as Flexible Ceanothus, Ceanothus × flexilis Greene ex McMinn (C. cuneatus × C. prostratus).
Ceanothus velutinus
Ceanothus velutinus
Ceanothus velutinus, with the common names Snowbrush Ceanothus, Red Root, and Tobacco Brush, is a species of shrub in the buckthorn family, Rhamnaceae...
was known as "red root" by many Native American tribes due to the color of the inner root bark, and was used as a medicine for treating lymphatic disorders, ovarian cysts, fibroid tumors, and tonsillitis. Clinical studies of the alkaloid compounds in Ceanothus velutinus has verified its effectiveness in treating high blood pressure and lymphatic blockages.
Native Americans used the dried leaves of this plant as a herbal tea, and early pioneers used the plant as a substitute for black tea. Miwok
Miwok
Miwok can refer to any one of four linguistically related groups of Native Americans, native to Northern California, who spoke one of the Miwokan languages in the Utian family...
Indians of California made baskets from Ceanothus branches. C. integerrimus has been used by North American tribes to ease childbirth. Ceanothus velutinus has been demonstrated to be very effective in relieving inflammation and irritation from infections of the mouth and throat.
Propagation
Propagation of Ceanothus is by seed, following scarification and stratification. Seeds are soaked in water for 12 hours followed by chilling at 1 °C for one to three months. It can also sprout from roots and/or stems. Seeds are stored in duff in large quantities. It is estimated that there are about two million seeds per acre in forest habitats. Seed are dispersed propulsively from capsules and, it has been estimated, can remain viable for hundreds of years. In habitat, the seeds of plants in this genus only germinate in response to range fires and forest fires.Names
"Ceanothus" (four syllables, accented on the "o") was the name of a spiny Old World
Old World
The Old World consists of those parts of the world known to classical antiquity and the European Middle Ages. It is used in the context of, and contrast with, the "New World" ....
plant whose identity is now obscure.
Selected species
- Ceanothus americanusCeanothus americanusCeanothus americanus is a species of shrub native to North America. Common names include New Jersey tea, Jersey tea ceanothus, variations of red root , and mountain sweet , and wild snowball...
L. - New Jersey Tea; Red Root - Ceanothus arboreusCeanothus arboreusCeanothus arboreus is a species of shrub endemic to California, especially to the Channel Islands. It is known commonly as feltleaf ceanothus. It is a species of what are sometimes called California lilacs, and may be referred to as the California mountain lilac or island mountain lilac...
Greene - Feltleaf Ceanothus - Ceanothus confususCeanothus confususCeanothus confusus is a species of shrub in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae known by the common name Rincon Ridge ceanothus. It is endemic to northern California where it grows in the coastal mountains north of the San Francisco Bay Area. Its habitats include coniferous forest, woodland, and...
J.T. Howell - Rincon Ridge Ceanothus - Ceanothus connivens Greene - Trailing Buckbrush
- Ceanothus cordulatusCeanothus cordulatusCeanothus cordulatus is a species of shrub in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae known by the common names mountain whitethorn and whitethorn ceanothus. It is native to California and adjacent sections of Oregon, Nevada, and Baja California, where it grows on mountain ridges and other forested areas...
Kellogg - Whitethorn Ceanothus - Ceanothus crassifoliusCeanothus crassifoliusCeanothus crassifolius is a species of flowering shrub known by the common name hoaryleaf ceanothus. This Ceanothus is found throughout the coastal mountain ranges of the southern half of California, and its range extends into Baja California. It is an erect, spreading shrub which can exceed three...
Torr. - Hoaryleaf Ceanothus - Ceanothus cuneatusCeanothus cuneatusCeanothus cuneatus is a species of flowering shrub known by the common names Buckbrush and wedgeleaf ceanothus.-Distribution:...
(Hook.) Nutt. - Buckbrush- Ceanothus cuneatus var. fascicularis (McMinn) - Hoover Sedgeleaf Buckbrush
- Ceanothus cuneatus var. rigidus (Nutt.) Hoover - Monterey Ceanothus
- Ceanothus cyaneusCeanothus cyaneusCeanothus cyaneus is a species of flowering shrub known by the common names San Diego buckbrush and Lakeside ceanothus. This Ceanothus is found in the mountains of San Diego County, California, and its range probably extends just into Baja California.-Description:This is a tall, erect shrub which...
Eastw. - San Diego Buckbrush - Ceanothus dentatusCeanothus dentatusCeanothus dentatus is a species of shrub in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae known by the common name sandscrub ceanothus. It is endemic to California, where it is known only from the Central Coast and its Coast Ranges. It grows in coastal hills, bluffs, and canyons.-Description:This shrub produces...
Torr. & Gray - Sandscrub Ceanothus - Ceanothus divergensCeanothus divergensCeanothus divergens, commonly known as Calistoga ceanothus, is an evergreen shrub in the Rhamnaceae family, an endemic of California.-Description:...
Parry - Calistoga Ceanothus - Ceanothus diversifoliusCeanothus diversifoliusCeanothus diversifolius is a species of flowering shrub known by the common name pinemat. This Ceanothus is endemic to California, where it can be found in the oak and pine forests of several mountain ranges.-Description:...
Kellogg - Pinemat - Ceanothus fendleriCeanothus fendleriCeanothus fendleri is a species of flowering shrub native to northern Mexico, Arizona, New Mexico, west Texas and the northeastern Texas panhandle, Utah, Colorado, eastern Wyoming, and western South Dakota...
Gray - Fendler's Ceanothus - Ceanothus ferrisiaeCeanothus ferrisiaeCeanothus ferrisiae is a rare species of shrub in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae. Its common name is coyote ceanothus.-Description:...
McMinn - Coyote Ceanothus - Ceanothus foliosusCeanothus foliosusCeanothus foliosus is a species of flowering shrub known by the common name Wavyleaf ceanothus.-Distribution:This Ceanothus is endemic to California, where its distribution extends throughout the Coast Ranges and the northern end of the Peninsular Ranges.-Description:The Ceanothus foliosus shrub...
Parry - Wavyleaf Ceanothus- Ceanothus foliosus var. foliosus - Wavyleaf Ceanothus
- Ceanothus foliosus var. medius McMinn - Wavyleaf Ceanothus
- Ceanothus foliosus var. vineatus McMinn - Vine Hill Ceanothus
- Ceanothus fresnensisCeanothus fresnensisCeanothus fresnensis is a species of shrub in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae known by the common name Fresno mat. It is endemic to California, where it grows in central sections of the Sierra Nevada and its foothills. Its habitat includes dry woodland and coniferous forest.-Description:This is a...
Dudley ex Abrams - Fresno Ceanothus - Ceanothus gloriosusCeanothus gloriosusCeanothus gloriosus is a species of shrub in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae known by the common name Point Reyes ceanothus. It is endemic to California, where it is known from the coastline of the San Francisco Bay Area and areas north and south. It grows on seaside bluffs and the slopes of the...
J.T. Howell - Point Reyes Ceanothus- Ceanothus gloriosus var. exaltatus J.T. Howell - Point Reyes Ceanothus
- Ceanothus gloriosus var. gloriosus - Point Reyes Ceanothus
- Ceanothus gloriosus var. porrectus J.T. Howell - Mt. Vision Ceanothus
- Ceanothus greggiiCeanothus greggiiCeanothus greggii, with the common name Desert Ceanothus, is a species of shrub in the buckthorn family, Rhamnaceae.-Distribution:...
Gray - Desert Ceanothus- Ceanothus greggii var. greggii - Desert Ceanothus
- Ceanothus greggii var. perplexans (Trel.) Jepson - Desert Ceanothus
- Ceanothus greggii var. vestitus (Greene) McMinn - Mojave Ceanothus
- Ceanothus griseusCeanothus griseusCeanothus griseus is a species of flowering shrub known by the common names Carmel ceanothus and Carmel creeper. 'Carmel' refers to the Carmel Valley wine region in California.-Description:...
(Trel. ex B.L. Robins.) McMinn - Carmel Ceanothus - Ceanothus hearstiorumCeanothus hearstiorumCeanothus hearstiorum is a species of flowering shrub known by the common names Hearst Ranch buckbrush and Hearst's ceanothus. This Ceanothus is endemic to California, where it grows wild only on the hilly coastline of San Luis Obispo County.-Description:This shrub is generally wider than it is...
Hoover & J.B. Roof - Hearst Ranch Buckbrush - Ceanothus herbaceus Raf. - Jersey Tea
- Ceanothus impressusCeanothus impressusCeanothus impressus, with the common name Santa Barbara ceanothus is a species of flowering shrub. This Ceanothus is endemic to the Central Coast of California, where it can be found on coastal slopes and mesas...
Trel. - Santa Barbara Ceanothus- Ceanothus impressus var. impressus - Santa Barbara Ceanothus
- Ceanothus impressus var. nipomensis McMinn - Santa Barbara Ceanothus
- Ceanothus incanusCeanothus incanusCeanothus incanus is a species of shrub in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae known by the common name coast whitethorn. It is endemic to California, where it is known from the San Francisco Bay Area through the North Coast Ranges into the Klamath Mountains.-Description:This thorny shrub grows erect...
Torr. & Gray - Coast Whitethorn - Ceanothus integerrimusCeanothus integerrimusCeanothus integerrimus is a woody shrub in the family Rhamnaceae, native to the western United States, in Arizona, New Mexico, California, Oregon, and Washington...
Hook. & Arn. - Deerbrush Ceanothus - Ceanothus jepsoniiCeanothus jepsoniiCeanothus jepsonii is a species of shrub in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae known by the common names musk brush and Jepson ceanothus.-Description:This species of shrub is variable, particularly across its two varieties:...
Greene - Jepson Ceanothus- Ceanothus jepsonii var. albiflorus J.T. Howell - Jepson Ceanothus
- Ceanothus jepsonii var. jepsonii - Jepson Ceanothus
- Ceanothus lemmoniiCeanothus lemmoniiCeanothus lemmonii is a species of shrub in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae known by the common name Lemmon's ceanothus. It is endemic to California, where it grows on the wooded slopes of the Inner North Coast Ranges and the Sierra Nevada foothills to the west and east, respectively, of the...
Parry - Lemmon's Ceanothus - Ceanothus leucodermisCeanothus leucodermisCeanothus leucodermis, with the common name Chaparral whitethorn, is a species of shrub in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae. It is native to California and Baja California, where it grows in coastal and inland mountain habitat, such as chaparral, coniferous forest, and oak...
Greene - Chaparral Whitethorn - Ceanothus maritimusCeanothus maritimusCeanothus maritimus, with the common name Maritime ceanothus, is a species of shrub in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae. It is endemic to San Luis Obispo County, California, where it is known from only a few occurrences in the vicinity of Hearst Ranch...
Hoover - Maritime Ceanothus - Ceanothus martinii M.E. Jones - Martin's Ceanothus
- Ceanothus masoniiCeanothus masoniiCeanothus masonii is a species of shrub in the buckthorn family, Rhamnaceae, known by the common name Mason's ceanothus. It is endemic to Marin County, California, where it is known only from an area near Bolinas on the Point Reyes National Seashore. It grows in the coastal chaparral on the...
McMinn - Mason's Ceanothus - Ceanothus megacarpusCeanothus megacarpusCeanothus megacarpus is a species of flowering shrub known by the common name bigpod ceanothus. This Ceanothus is endemic to California, where its distribution extends along the Central Coast and includes the Channel Islands.-Description:...
Nutt. - Bigpod Ceanothus- Ceanothus megacarpus var. insularis (Eastw.) Munz - Island Ceanothus
- Ceanothus megacarpus var. megacarpus - Bigpod Ceanothus
- Ceanothus microphyllus Michx. - Littleleaf Buckbrush
- Ceanothus oliganthusCeanothus oliganthusCeanothus oliganthus is a species of shrub in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae known by the common name Hairy ceanothus. It is endemic to California, where it can be found in most of the coastal mountain ranges in dry habitat such as chaparral....
Nutt. - Hairy Ceanothus - Ceanothus ophiochilusCeanothus ophiochilusCeanothus ophiochilus is a rare species of flowering shrub known by the common name Vail Lake ceanothus, native to Southern California...
Boyd, Ross & Arnseth - Vail Lake Ceanothus - Ceanothus palmeri Trel. - Palmer Ceanothus
- Ceanothus papillosusCeanothus papillosusCeanothus papillosus, Wartleaf ceanothus, is a species of plant in the genus Ceanothus. It is endemic to California, where it grows in open habitat on the slopes of the coastal mountain ranges, such as woodland and chaparral.-Description:...
Torr. & Gray - Wartleaf Ceanothus- Ceanothus papillosus var. papillosus - Wartleaf Ceanothus
- Ceanothus papillosus var. roweanus McMinn - Wartleaf Ceanothus
- Ceanothus parryiCeanothus parryiCeanothus parryi, with the common name Parry ceanothus, is a species of shrub in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae. It is native to Oregon and northern California, where it grows in the canyons of coastal mountain ranges.-Description:...
Trel. - Parry Ceanothus - Ceanothus parvifoliusCeanothus parvifoliusCeanothus parvifolius is a species of shrub in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae known by the common name littleleaf ceanothus. It is endemic to the High Sierra Nevada of California, where it grows in moist areas in the forest.-Description:...
(S. Wats.) Trel. - Littleleaf Ceanothus - Ceanothus pinetorumCeanothus pinetorumCeanothus pinetorum is a species of shrub in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae known by the common names Kern ceanothus and Coville ceanothus...
Coville - Coville Ceanothus - Ceanothus prostratusCeanothus prostratusCeanothus prostratus is a species of shrub in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae known by the common names prostrate ceanothus and mahala mat...
Benth. - Prostrate Ceanothus - Ceanothus pumilusCeanothus pumilusCeanothus pumilus is a species of shrub in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae known by the common names dwarf ceanothus and Siskiyou mat...
Greene - Dwarf Ceanothus - Ceanothus purpureusCeanothus purpureusCeanothus purpureus, with the common name Hollyleaf ceanothus, is a species of shrub in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae. It is endemic to northern California, where it is known only from the Inner North Coast Ranges north of the Bay Area, mainly in Sonoma and Napa Counties. The largest remaining...
Jepson - Hollyleaf Ceanothus - Ceanothus roderickiiCeanothus roderickiiCeanothus roderickii is a rare species of shrub in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae known by the common name Pine Hill ceanothus. It is endemic to western El Dorado County, California, where it grows in the chaparral and woodlands of the Sierra Nevada foothills, such as the Pine Hill Ecological...
Knight - Pine Hill Buckbrush - Ceanothus sanguineusCeanothus sanguineusCeanothus sanguineus is a species of shrub in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae known by the common name redstem ceanothus. It is native to western North America from British Columbia to Montana to far northern California; it is also known from Michigan. It grows in temperate coniferous forest...
Pursh - Redstem Ceanothus - Ceanothus serpyllifolius Nutt. - Coastal Plain Buckbrush
- Ceanothus sonomensisCeanothus sonomensisCeanothus sonomensis, with the common name Sonoma ceanothus, is a rare species of shrub in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae. It is endemic to northern California.-Description:...
J.T. Howell - Sonoma Ceanothus - Ceanothus sorediatus Hook. & Arn. - Jimbrush Ceanothus
- Ceanothus spinosusCeanothus spinosusCeanothus spinosus, with the common names Greenbark ceanothus and Redheart, is a species of Ceanothus. It is native to southern California and northern Baja California, where it grows in the scrub and chaparral of the coastal mountain ranges.-Description:This is a large treelike shrub approaching...
Green Bark Ceanothus - Ceanothus thyrsiflorusCeanothus thyrsiflorusCeanothus thyrsiflorus, Blueblossom or Blue blossom ceanothus, is an evergreen plant in the genus Ceanothus and endemic to California.-Description:...
Eschsch. - Blueblossom - Ceanothus tomentosusCeanothus tomentosusCeanothus tomentosus, with the common name Woollyleaf ceanothus, is a species of shrub in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae. It is native to several of the mountain ranges in California and Baja California.-Distribution and habitat:...
Parry - Woolyleaf Ceanothus - Ceanothus velutinusCeanothus velutinusCeanothus velutinus, with the common names Snowbrush Ceanothus, Red Root, and Tobacco Brush, is a species of shrub in the buckthorn family, Rhamnaceae...
Dougl. ex Hook. - Snowbrush Ceanothus- Ceanothus velutinus var. hookeri M.C. Johnston - Hooker's Ceanothus
- Ceanothus velutinus var. velutinus - Snowbrush Ceanothus
- Ceanothus verrucosusCeanothus verrucosusCeanothus verrucosus is a species of shrub in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae known by the common names wart-stem ceanothus, barranca brush, and white coast ceanothus. It is native to Baja California and San Diego County, where it grows in coastal chaparral and scrub...
Nutt. - Barranca Brush