Chief Shakopee
Encyclopedia
Chief Shakopee may refer to any of the three Mdewakanton
Dakota chiefs who lived in the early 19th century. The name comes from the Dakota Shák'pí meaning "Six".
was named after him. Chief Shakopee met Major Stephen Harriman Long
at the mouth of the Minnesota River
in 1817, when Long came up to distribute the presents which Lieutenant Zebulon Pike
had contracted to send them 12 years earlier with the Pike's Purchase, and Long found Shakopee very offensive. Shakopee was executed at Fort Snelling in June 1827 by running a gauntlet by some Ojibwa
as part of his punishment for murdering some Ojibwa before.
Chief Shakopee or the Eaglehead (1794–1857). Shakopee was the adopted son of Chief Shakopee I, and the biological twin son of the Ojibwa
Chief Ozaawindib "Yellow Head". He identified himself equally as being Ojibwa as being Dakota, but increasingly after signing the 1825 Treaty of Prairie du Chien
(both as "Sha-co-pe" (the Sixth) and as "The Sees"), he was forced to identify himself exclusively as Dakota. Despite the pressures, he was also signatory to the 1826 Treaty of Fond du Lac
(as "Chau-co-pee" and as "Jack-o-pa" by Bird
), 1837 Treaty of St. Peters
(as "Sha-go-bai"), and the 1842 Treaty of La Pointe
(as "Sha go bi") of the Ojibwa
s. Shakopee also was a signatory to the Treaty of Mendota
of August 5, 1851, (as "Sha-k'pay") in which Chief Shakopee and the other Dakota chiefs were pressured into selling 24 million acres (97,124.6 km²) for pennies an acre. Food and money from the federal government was to be distributed to the Indians as part of the treaty, but several years later with the American Civil War
, United States broke their treaty obligations. The city of Shakopee, Minnesota
and the near-by Shakopee Lake were named after him. Shakopee served as a guide to Joseph Nicollet
in part of the exploration of the upper Mississippi
, and providing details on its tributaries, such as Rice Creek
near Fridley, Minnesota
. In Ojibwe, he was called Zhaagobe, and his descendants who identified themselves as Ojibwa rather than Dakota are surnamed either "Shaugobay" or "Shagobince".
. He became a chief with the death of his father. During the Dakota War of 1862
. he was a war leader of the Yankton
Sioux
in Minnesota. He escaped to Canada after the conflict. With fellow leader Medicine Bottle he was betrayed, drugged, kidnapped, and turned over to U.S. forces. Chief Shakopee and Medicine Bottle were executed at Fort Snelling on November 11, 1865, due to their participation in the Dakota War of 1862. While he was held prisoner at Fort Snelling, a photograph of Chief Shakopee was taken in 1864.
He is the namesake of the Little Six Casino
in Shakopee, Minnesota.
Mdewakanton
Mdewakantonwan are one of the sub-tribes of the Isanti Dakota . Their historic home is Mille Lacs Lake in central Minnesota, which in the Dakota language was called mde wakan .As part of the Santee Sioux, their ancestors had migrated from the Southeast of the present-day United States, where the...
Dakota chiefs who lived in the early 19th century. The name comes from the Dakota Shák'pí meaning "Six".
Shakopee I
Chief Shakopee (c.1750-1827). Chief Shakopee was given this name when his wife, White Buffalo Woman, gave birth to sextuplet boys. Shakopee Lake near Mille Lacs LakeMille Lacs Lake
Mille Lacs Lake is a lake in the U.S. state of Minnesota. It is located in the counties of Mille Lacs, Aitkin and Crow Wing, roughly 100 miles north of the Minneapolis-St. Paul metropolitan area....
was named after him. Chief Shakopee met Major Stephen Harriman Long
Stephen Harriman Long
Stephen Harriman Long was a U.S. army explorer, topographical engineer, and railway engineer. As an inventor, he is noted for his developments in the design of steam locomotives. He was also one of the most prolific explorers of the early 1800s, although his career as an explorer was relatively...
at the mouth of the Minnesota River
Minnesota River
The Minnesota River is a tributary of the Mississippi River, approximately 332 miles long, in the U.S. state of Minnesota. It drains a watershed of nearly , in Minnesota and about in South Dakota and Iowa....
in 1817, when Long came up to distribute the presents which Lieutenant Zebulon Pike
Zebulon Pike
Zebulon Montgomery Pike Jr. was an American officer and explorer for whom Pikes Peak in Colorado is named. As a United States Army captain in 1806-1807, he led the Pike Expedition to explore and document the southern portion of the Louisiana Purchase and to find the headwaters of the Red River,...
had contracted to send them 12 years earlier with the Pike's Purchase, and Long found Shakopee very offensive. Shakopee was executed at Fort Snelling in June 1827 by running a gauntlet by some Ojibwa
Ojibwa
The Ojibwe or Chippewa are among the largest groups of Native Americans–First Nations north of Mexico. They are divided between Canada and the United States. In Canada, they are the third-largest population among First Nations, surpassed only by Cree and Inuit...
as part of his punishment for murdering some Ojibwa before.
Shakopee II
Ojibwa
The Ojibwe or Chippewa are among the largest groups of Native Americans–First Nations north of Mexico. They are divided between Canada and the United States. In Canada, they are the third-largest population among First Nations, surpassed only by Cree and Inuit...
Chief Ozaawindib "Yellow Head". He identified himself equally as being Ojibwa as being Dakota, but increasingly after signing the 1825 Treaty of Prairie du Chien
Treaty of Prairie du Chien
The Treaty of Prairie du Chien may refer to any of several treaties made and signed in Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin between the United States, representatives from the Sioux, Sac and Fox, Menominee, Ioway, Winnebago and the Anishinaabeg Native American peoples.-1825:The first treaty of Prairie du...
(both as "Sha-co-pe" (the Sixth) and as "The Sees"), he was forced to identify himself exclusively as Dakota. Despite the pressures, he was also signatory to the 1826 Treaty of Fond du Lac
Treaty of Fond du Lac
The Treaty of Fond du Lac may refer to either of two treaties made and signed in Duluth, Minnesota between the United States and the Ojibwe Native American peoples.-1826 Treaty of Fond du Lac:...
(as "Chau-co-pee" and as "Jack-o-pa" by Bird
Charles Bird King
Charles Bird King is a United States artist who is best known for his portraiture. In particular, the artist is notable for the portraits he painted of Native American delegates coming to Washington D.C., which were commissioned by government's Bureau of Indian Affairs.-Biography:Charles Bird King...
), 1837 Treaty of St. Peters
Treaty of St. Peters
Treaty of St. Peters may be one of two treaties conducted between the United States and Native American peoples, conducted at the confluence of the Minnesota River with the Mississippi River, in what today is Mendota, Minnesota....
(as "Sha-go-bai"), and the 1842 Treaty of La Pointe
Treaty of La Pointe
The Treaty of La Pointe may refer to either of two treaties made and signed in La Pointe, Wisconsin between the United States and the Ojibwe Native American peoples...
(as "Sha go bi") of the Ojibwa
Ojibwa
The Ojibwe or Chippewa are among the largest groups of Native Americans–First Nations north of Mexico. They are divided between Canada and the United States. In Canada, they are the third-largest population among First Nations, surpassed only by Cree and Inuit...
s. Shakopee also was a signatory to the Treaty of Mendota
Treaty of Mendota
The Treaty of Mendota was signed in Mendota, Minnesota on August 5, 1851 between the United States federal government and the Sioux tribes of Minnesota ....
of August 5, 1851, (as "Sha-k'pay") in which Chief Shakopee and the other Dakota chiefs were pressured into selling 24 million acres (97,124.6 km²) for pennies an acre. Food and money from the federal government was to be distributed to the Indians as part of the treaty, but several years later with the American Civil War
American Civil War
The American Civil War was a civil war fought in the United States of America. In response to the election of Abraham Lincoln as President of the United States, 11 southern slave states declared their secession from the United States and formed the Confederate States of America ; the other 25...
, United States broke their treaty obligations. The city of Shakopee, Minnesota
Shakopee, Minnesota
Shakopee is a city southwest of downtown Minneapolis in the U.S. state of Minnesota and is the county seat of Scott County. Located on the south bank bend of the Minnesota River, Shakopee and nearby suburbs comprise the southwest portion of Minneapolis-Saint Paul, the thirteenth largest...
and the near-by Shakopee Lake were named after him. Shakopee served as a guide to Joseph Nicollet
Joseph Nicollet
Joseph Nicolas Nicollet , also known as Jean-Nicolas Nicollet, was a French geographer and mathematician known for mapping the Upper Mississippi River basin during the 1830s....
in part of the exploration of the upper Mississippi
Mississippi
Mississippi is a U.S. state located in the Southern United States. Jackson is the state capital and largest city. The name of the state derives from the Mississippi River, which flows along its western boundary, whose name comes from the Ojibwe word misi-ziibi...
, and providing details on its tributaries, such as Rice Creek
Rice Creek (Minnesota)
Rice Creek is a tributary of the Mississippi River in the northern suburbs of the Minneapolis-St. Paul metropolitan area of Minnesota in the United States...
near Fridley, Minnesota
Fridley, Minnesota
As of the census of 2000, there were 27,449 people, 11,328 households, and 7,317 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,701.3 people per square mile . There were 11,504 housing units at an average density of 1,132.1 per square mile...
. In Ojibwe, he was called Zhaagobe, and his descendants who identified themselves as Ojibwa rather than Dakota are surnamed either "Shaugobay" or "Shagobince".
Shakopee III
Chief Shakopee, also known as Eatoka, or Shakpedan in Dakota or Zhaagobens in Ojibwe, both meaning "Little Shakopee" (1811–1865). Shakopee was the son of Chief Shakopee II. He was born in the village of ShakopeeShakopee, Minnesota
Shakopee is a city southwest of downtown Minneapolis in the U.S. state of Minnesota and is the county seat of Scott County. Located on the south bank bend of the Minnesota River, Shakopee and nearby suburbs comprise the southwest portion of Minneapolis-Saint Paul, the thirteenth largest...
. He became a chief with the death of his father. During the Dakota War of 1862
Dakota War of 1862
The Dakota War of 1862, also known as the Sioux Uprising, was an armed conflict between the United States and several bands of the eastern Sioux. It began on August 17, 1862, along the Minnesota River in southwest Minnesota...
. he was a war leader of the Yankton
Yankton
Yankton is the name of:* people: Yankton Dakota division of the Dakota, sometimes referred to as Yankton.* county: Yankton County, South Dakota in South Dakota* county seat: Yankton, South Dakota of Yankton County....
Sioux
Sioux
The Sioux are Native American and First Nations people in North America. The term can refer to any ethnic group within the Great Sioux Nation or any of the nation's many language dialects...
in Minnesota. He escaped to Canada after the conflict. With fellow leader Medicine Bottle he was betrayed, drugged, kidnapped, and turned over to U.S. forces. Chief Shakopee and Medicine Bottle were executed at Fort Snelling on November 11, 1865, due to their participation in the Dakota War of 1862. While he was held prisoner at Fort Snelling, a photograph of Chief Shakopee was taken in 1864.
He is the namesake of the Little Six Casino
Little Six Casino
Little Six Casino is located on the Shakopee-Mdewakanton Indian Reservation within the city of Prior Lake, Minnesota. The tribe operates the casino, which is successful due to its proximity to the Minneapolis-St. Paul metropolitan area. Its sister casino, Mystic Lake Casino, is the fourth largest...
in Shakopee, Minnesota.