China Compulsory Certificate
Encyclopedia
The China Compulsory Certificate mark, commonly known as CCC Mark, is a compulsory safety mark for many products sold on the Chinese
market. It became effective on May 1, 2002. It is the result of the integration of China's two old compulsory inspection systems, namely "CCIB" (Safety Mark, introduced in 1989 and required for products in 47 product categories) and "CCEE" (also known as "Great Wall" Mark, for electrical commodities in 7 product categories), into a single procedure.
The certification process usually takes sixty to ninety days and includes the following steps:
security products" should conform CCC (China Compulsory Certificate) implement regulation and it apply from, only a few day ahead, 1 May 2009. In view of security measure of China, there would be highly possible that China request disclosure of source code
of program run on these products. The disclosure of source code is the big concern among countries U.S.
, Japan, EU
and South Korea
, and asking China to take back and opposing the implementation plan to come. The certification agent shall be limited to the organization or entity within China, but this restriction also arise other concerns that source code and secret of product know-how leaked to private sectors. In respond to such concern, China altered Compulsory Certificate implement from apply to all these type of product import into China to apply to only government procurement products and postponed implementation date to 1 May 2010. China has also commented that the number of product categories is not expanded to more than 13.
People's Republic of China
China , officially the People's Republic of China , is the most populous country in the world, with over 1.3 billion citizens. Located in East Asia, the country covers approximately 9.6 million square kilometres...
market. It became effective on May 1, 2002. It is the result of the integration of China's two old compulsory inspection systems, namely "CCIB" (Safety Mark, introduced in 1989 and required for products in 47 product categories) and "CCEE" (also known as "Great Wall" Mark, for electrical commodities in 7 product categories), into a single procedure.
Applicable products
The CCC mark is required for both domestically manufactured products and products imported into China, such as:- Electrical wires and cables
- Switches for circuits, Installation protective and connection devices
- Low-voltage Electrical Apparatus
- Small Power motors
- Electric tools
- Welding machines
- Household and similar electrical appliances
- Audio and video apparatus
- Information technology equipment
- Lighting apparatus
- Telecommunication terminal equipment
- Motor vehicles and Safety parts
- Motor vehicle tires
- Safety Glasses
- Agricultural Machinery
- Latex Products
- Medical Devices
- Fire Fighting Equipment
- Detectors for Intruder Alarm Systems
- Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) systems
- Toys
Administration
The CCC mark is administered by the CNCA (Certification and Accreditation Administration). The China Quality Certification Centre (CQC) is designated by CNCA to process CCC mark applications and defines the products that need CCC.The certification process usually takes sixty to ninety days and includes the following steps:
- Submission of an application and supporting materials
- Type Testing. A CNCA-designated test laboratory in China will test product samples
- Factory Inspection. CQC will send representatives to inspect the manufacturing facilities
- Evaluation of the results
- Approval of the CCC Certificate (or failure and retesting)
- Annual Follow-up Factory Inspections by Chinese officials
IT security products
On 27 April 2009, China announced 13 categories of products, so called "ITInformation technology
Information technology is the acquisition, processing, storage and dissemination of vocal, pictorial, textual and numerical information by a microelectronics-based combination of computing and telecommunications...
security products" should conform CCC (China Compulsory Certificate) implement regulation and it apply from, only a few day ahead, 1 May 2009. In view of security measure of China, there would be highly possible that China request disclosure of source code
Source code
In computer science, source code is text written using the format and syntax of the programming language that it is being written in. Such a language is specially designed to facilitate the work of computer programmers, who specify the actions to be performed by a computer mostly by writing source...
of program run on these products. The disclosure of source code is the big concern among countries U.S.
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, Japan, EU
European Union
The European Union is an economic and political union of 27 independent member states which are located primarily in Europe. The EU traces its origins from the European Coal and Steel Community and the European Economic Community , formed by six countries in 1958...
and South Korea
South Korea
The Republic of Korea , , is a sovereign state in East Asia, located on the southern portion of the Korean Peninsula. It is neighbored by the People's Republic of China to the west, Japan to the east, North Korea to the north, and the East China Sea and Republic of China to the south...
, and asking China to take back and opposing the implementation plan to come. The certification agent shall be limited to the organization or entity within China, but this restriction also arise other concerns that source code and secret of product know-how leaked to private sectors. In respond to such concern, China altered Compulsory Certificate implement from apply to all these type of product import into China to apply to only government procurement products and postponed implementation date to 1 May 2010. China has also commented that the number of product categories is not expanded to more than 13.
List of IT security products
13 categories or type of products are:- Secure operating system product
- Safety isolation and information exchange product
- Secure router product
- Security supervising product
- Secure database system product
- Countermeasure product for spamSpam (electronic)Spam is the use of electronic messaging systems to send unsolicited bulk messages indiscriminately...
(trouble/nuisance) mail - FirewallFirewall (computing)A firewall is a device or set of devices designed to permit or deny network transmissions based upon a set of rules and is frequently used to protect networks from unauthorized access while permitting legitimate communications to pass....
product - Invasion detect system product
- Data backup/recovery product
- Network secure isolating LAN card/switching hub product
- Network vulnerability scanning product
- Web site recovery product
- Smart cardSmart cardA smart card, chip card, or integrated circuit card , is any pocket-sized card with embedded integrated circuits. A smart card or microprocessor cards contain volatile memory and microprocessor components. The card is made of plastic, generally polyvinyl chloride, but sometimes acrylonitrile...
COS product
Opposition for discriminate foreign-made products and IT security products procurement policy
The timeline of the opposition acts against to be settled policy of foreign IT security products procurement into Chinese government operations by other countries.- 4 May 2009 - Ron KirkRon KirkRonald "Ron" Kirk is the 16th United States Trade Representative, serving in the Obama administration. He served as mayor of Dallas, Texas from 1995 to 2002; he also ran for the United States Senate in 2002.-Early life and career:...
(USTROffice of the United States Trade RepresentativeThe Office of the United States Trade Representative is the United States government agency responsible for developing and recommending United States trade policy to the president of the United States, conducting trade negotiations at bilateral and multilateral levels, and coordinating trade...
) and Toshihiro NikaiToshihiro Nikaiis a Japanese politician. He was the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry. A member of the Liberal Democratic Party , Nikai is currently serving in his eighth term in the Lower House representing Wakayama's Third District....
(METIMinister of Economy, Trade and Industry (Japan)The is the Cabinet of Japan member in charge of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry . The current Minister is Banri Kaieda.-List of Ministers of Economy, Trade and Industry:...
) meet in Washington, D.C.Washington, D.C.Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, "the District", or simply D.C., is the capital of the United States. On July 16, 1790, the United States Congress approved the creation of a permanent national capital as permitted by the U.S. Constitution....
, and coincide with opposing CCC that "CCC is not consistencies with international standard (Common CriteriaCommon CriteriaThe Common Criteria for Information Technology Security Evaluation is an international standard for computer security certification...
) on 13 types of ITInformation technologyInformation technology is the acquisition, processing, storage and dissemination of vocal, pictorial, textual and numerical information by a microelectronics-based combination of computing and telecommunications...
security products which was announced on 27 April 2009" as the communiquéMessageA message in its most general meaning is an object of communication. It is a vessel which provides information. Yet, it can also be this information. Therefore, its meaning is dependent upon the context in which it is used; the term may apply to both the information and its form...
. Nikai said that each country to work on ChinaPeople's Republic of ChinaChina , officially the People's Republic of China , is the most populous country in the world, with over 1.3 billion citizens. Located in East Asia, the country covers approximately 9.6 million square kilometres...
to take back the plan with sharing information among JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
and U.S.United StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
in news conferenceNews conferenceA news conference or press conference is a media event in which newsmakers invite journalists to hear them speak and, most often, ask questions. A joint press conference instead is held between two or more talking sides.-Practice:... - 13 May 2009 - EditorialEditorialAn opinion piece is an article, published in a newspaper or magazine, that mainly reflects the author's opinion about the subject. Opinion pieces are featured in many periodicals.-Editorials:...
of Yomiuri ShimbunYomiuri ShimbunThe is a Japanese newspaper published in Tokyo, Osaka, Fukuoka, and other major Japanese cities. It is one of the five national newspapers in Japan; the other four are the Asahi Shimbun, the Mainichi Shimbun, Nihon Keizai Shimbun, and the Sankei Shimbun...
editorialEditorialAn opinion piece is an article, published in a newspaper or magazine, that mainly reflects the author's opinion about the subject. Opinion pieces are featured in many periodicals.-Editorials:...
viewed that concession of China to apply only government procurement products is derived from opposition of government and industries of Japan, U.S.United StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
and EUEuropean UnionThe European Union is an economic and political union of 27 independent member states which are located primarily in Europe. The EU traces its origins from the European Coal and Steel Community and the European Economic Community , formed by six countries in 1958...
claimed the certificate is invasion for Intellectual propertyIntellectual propertyIntellectual property is a term referring to a number of distinct types of creations of the mind for which a set of exclusive rights are recognized—and the corresponding fields of law...
right. CCC would force Japanese and other manufacture suppress to export high technology products to China, hence China would not be indebted to these products. - 19-20 May 2009 - Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China, Chinese Ministry of Commerce and METI Japan had the meeting of ministry permanent vice-president class in BeijingBeijingBeijing , also known as Peking , is the capital of the People's Republic of China and one of the most populous cities in the world, with a population of 19,612,368 as of 2010. The city is the country's political, cultural, and educational center, and home to the headquarters for most of China's...
. Japan asked to take back the plan, but China expressed to consider the dual aspect of secirity of China and protection of intellectual property right of manufactures, and postpone to implementation to 1 May 2010. - 21 May 2009 - 13th conference of WSC (World Semiconductor Council) in Beijing, participate delegation from Japan, U.S., EU, South KoreaSouth KoreaThe Republic of Korea , , is a sovereign state in East Asia, located on the southern portion of the Korean Peninsula. It is neighbored by the People's Republic of China to the west, Japan to the east, North Korea to the north, and the East China Sea and Republic of China to the south...
, TaiwanTaiwanTaiwan , also known, especially in the past, as Formosa , is the largest island of the same-named island group of East Asia in the western Pacific Ocean and located off the southeastern coast of mainland China. The island forms over 99% of the current territory of the Republic of China following...
even China, declared the big concern for new CCC implementation for disclosure of core technologies information such as source codeSource codeIn computer science, source code is text written using the format and syntax of the programming language that it is being written in. Such a language is specially designed to facilitate the work of computer programmers, who specify the actions to be performed by a computer mostly by writing source...
and others. - 7 June 2009 - Wang QishanWang QishanWang Qishan is a politician in the People's Republic of China who currently serves as the Vice-Premier in charge of economic, energy and financial affairs under premier Wen Jiabao. Previously Wang served in regional positions in Hainan and Beijing...
(Chinese Vice-Premier), Hirofumi NakasoneHirofumi Nakasoneis a Japanese politician from Takasaki, Gunma, who served as Minister for Foreign Affairs until September 2009. He was Minister of Education under Prime Minister Yoshirō Mori. He is former Prime Minister Yasuhiro Nakasone's son....
(Japanese minister for foreign affairsMinister for Foreign Affairs (Japan)The of Japan is the Cabinet member responsible for Japanese foreign policy and the chief executive of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.Since the end of the American occupation of Japan, the position has been one of the most powerful in the Cabinet, as Japan's economic interests have long relied on...
) and Nikai had China-Japan High-Level Economic Dialogue, Nikai again asked China to take back the plan which forces exporting manufacture to disclose the source codeSource codeIn computer science, source code is text written using the format and syntax of the programming language that it is being written in. Such a language is specially designed to facilitate the work of computer programmers, who specify the actions to be performed by a computer mostly by writing source...
of IT security products, however, China repeated to proceed with additional of CCC program from 1 May 2010 as planned. - 8 September 2009 - Fujio MitaraiFujio Mitaraiis the chairman of Canon and also of the Japan Business Federation. He studied Law at Chuo University, and was President of Canon in the USA until 1989.-Biography:* 1935 September 23: Born at Kamae, Ōita ....
(chairman of Japan Business FederationJapan Business Federationis an economic organization founded in May 2002 by amalgamation of Keidanren and Nikkeiren...
) and (vice chairman of SonySony, commonly referred to as Sony, is a Japanese multinational conglomerate corporation headquartered in Minato, Tokyo, Japan and the world's fifth largest media conglomerate measured by revenues....
) had meeting with cadre from Chinese Ministry of Commerce in Beijing. In spite of asking to take back the plan, China quoted to implement plan as scheduled from 1 May 2010, and the plan apply to only government procurement products, so that technology information leak to third parties shall not occure. Japan expressed the concern that coverage of products of government procurement is not clear. - 30 December 2009 - Yomiuri ShimbunYomiuri ShimbunThe is a Japanese newspaper published in Tokyo, Osaka, Fukuoka, and other major Japanese cities. It is one of the five national newspapers in Japan; the other four are the Asahi Shimbun, the Mainichi Shimbun, Nihon Keizai Shimbun, and the Sankei Shimbun...
reported as the news from Washington, D.C.Washington, D.C.Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, "the District", or simply D.C., is the capital of the United States. On July 16, 1790, the United States Congress approved the creation of a permanent national capital as permitted by the U.S. Constitution....
that, learned on 29th, China is seemed showing concession to apply the rule for only government agency procurement, not to apply to Chinese government-owned corporationGovernment-owned corporationA government-owned corporation, state-owned company, state-owned entity, state enterprise, publicly owned corporation, government business enterprise, or parastatal is a legal entity created by a government to undertake commercial activities on behalf of an owner government...
procurement. Japan, however, still request China to abolish the rule itself further. USTROffice of the United States Trade RepresentativeThe Office of the United States Trade Representative is the United States government agency responsible for developing and recommending United States trade policy to the president of the United States, conducting trade negotiations at bilateral and multilateral levels, and coordinating trade...
WebsiteWebsiteA website, also written as Web site, web site, or simply site, is a collection of related web pages containing images, videos or other digital assets. A website is hosted on at least one web server, accessible via a network such as the Internet or a private local area network through an Internet...
indicated as of 29 October 2009, that "China confirmed in working group discussions ..... apply only to products procured by Chinese government agencies", and this fact seems in backup the same in interpretation as Yomiuri Shimbun reported. - 11 April 2010 - Yomiuri Shimbun learned that USTROffice of the United States Trade RepresentativeThe Office of the United States Trade Representative is the United States government agency responsible for developing and recommending United States trade policy to the president of the United States, conducting trade negotiations at bilateral and multilateral levels, and coordinating trade...
Deputy Ambassador Demetrios Marantis visit China on April 12, and it seems that he will request further postpone beyond 1 May 2010. USTR concerns that recent concession of China may be lesser the applicable product types, however China interpretation of CCC rule may be taken a broad view.
- 14 April 2010 - Chinese government seems to retract some rules of the CCC implementation plan for IT security products and Chinese government-owned corporation procurement. China official web site updated with date of 10 April, as the new rule is to be, contextually,"Foreign enterprise should have intellectual propertyIntellectual propertyIntellectual property is a term referring to a number of distinct types of creations of the mind for which a set of exclusive rights are recognized—and the corresponding fields of law...
or trademarkTrademarkA trademark, trade mark, or trade-mark is a distinctive sign or indicator used by an individual, business organization, or other legal entity to identify that the products or services to consumers with which the trademark appears originate from a unique source, and to distinguish its products or...
for the product and must obey and conform Chinese rules or regulations." from "Firstly in China, foreign enterprise should have intellectual propertyIntellectual propertyIntellectual property is a term referring to a number of distinct types of creations of the mind for which a set of exclusive rights are recognized—and the corresponding fields of law...
or trademarkTrademarkA trademark, trade mark, or trade-mark is a distinctive sign or indicator used by an individual, business organization, or other legal entity to identify that the products or services to consumers with which the trademark appears originate from a unique source, and to distinguish its products or...
for the product and must obey and conform Chinese rules or regulations." The revising on web site eliminated wording "Firstly in China". This retraction seems China's concession to opposing reaction by other countries since April 2009. Based on the such movement, Japan, US and EuropeanEuropean UnionThe European Union is an economic and political union of 27 independent member states which are located primarily in Europe. The EU traces its origins from the European Coal and Steel Community and the European Economic Community , formed by six countries in 1958...
authorities will study further political direction against Chinese position.
- 19 April 2010 - The Japanese Chamber of Commerce and Industry in China (中国日本商会) announced the proposal to Chinese government for improvement on the facing problem of Japanese enterprises in China. The proposal points out that Chinese government is still planning the regulations with discriminate against foreign products even if it seemed to retract on 10 April 2010.
- 25 May 2010 - China promised to improve the policy toward better to opposing foreign countries for discriminate foreign-made products on Chinese government agency procurement. Ron Kirk (USTR) responded to interview, during 2nd U.S.-China Strategic and Economic Dialogue in Beijing, that China is improving the policy but still concern remains to discriminate U.S. made products.
- 21 July 2010 - Yomiuri Shimbun solely interviewed Demetrios Marantis (USTR Deputy Ambassador) on 19 July and reported, he is commenting that China presented some improvement for government procurement in May 2010, but serious concerns still remains. Chinese government procurement system under planning is typical example to exclude the foreign products. U.S. and other major countries requests China to be the parties of Agreement on Government ProcurementAgreement on Government ProcurementThe Agreement on Government Procurement is legally binding and plurilateral agreement in the World Trade Organization focusing on the subject of government and local government agencies procurement. The procurement in the Agreement includes goods, ranging from commodities to high technology...
of WTO for further improvement from Chinese position which exceptionally rule out local government procurement and other factors. - 20 August 2010, Yomiuri ShimbunYomiuri ShimbunThe is a Japanese newspaper published in Tokyo, Osaka, Fukuoka, and other major Japanese cities. It is one of the five national newspapers in Japan; the other four are the Asahi Shimbun, the Mainichi Shimbun, Nihon Keizai Shimbun, and the Sankei Shimbun...
reports, under the slogan of Indigenous Innovation (自主創新), low cost WPS Office is used instead of Microsoft OfficeMicrosoft OfficeMicrosoft Office is a non-free commercial office suite of inter-related desktop applications, servers and services for the Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X operating systems, introduced by Microsoft in August 1, 1989. Initially a marketing term for a bundled set of applications, the first version of...
in 60% of Chinese government and local government agency. Business Software AllianceBusiness Software AllianceThe Business Software Alliance is a trade group established in 1988 and representing a number of the world's largest software makers and is a member of the International Intellectual Property Alliance...
is becoming recognizing the fact and claims the slogan seems narrowing business opportunity into Chinese market, according to Demetrios Marantis.
External links
- China Compulsory Certification (CCC) China-Britain business council
- Some certification agents:
- Standardization Administration of the Peoples Republic of China
- Chinese certification of information security products
- Full list of CCC applicable product, in Japanese 28 August 2009 Edition (In Japanese) web site of JET:Japan Electrical Safety & Environment Technology Laboratories (電気安全環境研究所)
- Foreign-made, intellectual and IT security, products procurement policy
- USTR Releases 2010 Special 301 Report on Intellectual Property Rights
- ABC NEWSABC NewsABC News is the news gathering and broadcasting division of American broadcast television network ABC, a subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company...
- Geithner to Press China on Trade Barriers, Yuan 7th paragraph; "American companies are very concerned that this approach has the potential to discriminate against foreign-made products and could disadvantage American exporters and investors as they compete with Chinese firms," Geithner said. "We share these concerns." (May 18, 2010) - Strategic and Economic Dialogue Closing Statement, Treasury Secretary Tim Geithner, Beijing, China As Prepared for Delivery on May 25, 2010 (United States Department of the TreasuryUnited States Department of the TreasuryThe Department of the Treasury is an executive department and the treasury of the United States federal government. It was established by an Act of Congress in 1789 to manage government revenue...
)