Cochliopidae is a family

Family (biology)

In biological classification, family is* a taxonomic rank. Other well-known ranks are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, genus, and species, with family fitting between order and genus. As for the other well-known ranks, there is the option of an immediately lower rank, indicated by the...

 of small freshwater snail

Freshwater snail

A freshwater snail is one kind of freshwater mollusc, the other kind being freshwater clams and mussels, i.e. freshwater bivalves. Specifically a freshwater snail is a gastropod that lives in a watery non-marine habitat. The majority of freshwater gastropods have a shell, with very few exceptions....

s with gills and an operculum

Operculum (gastropod)

The operculum, meaning little lid, is a corneous or calcareous anatomical structure which exists in many groups of sea snails and freshwater snails, and also in a few groups of land snails...

, aquatic

Aquatic animal

An aquatic animal is an animal, either vertebrate or invertebrate, which lives in water for most or all of its life. It may breathe air or extract its oxygen from that dissolved in water through specialised organs called gills, or directly through its skin. Natural environments and the animals that...

 gastropod mollusks.

This family is in the superfamily Rissooidea

Rissooidea

Rissooidea, originally named Rissoacea by Grey, 1847, is a large taxonomic superfamily of small and minute saltwater, brackish water, freshwater, and semi-terrestrial snails which have gills and an operculum...

 and in the clade Littorinimorpha

Littorinimorpha

Littorinimorpha is a large clade of gastropods within Hypsogastropoda consisting primarily of marine species, but also aquatic and terrestrial species as well....

 (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005

Taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005)

The taxonomy of the Gastropoda as it was revised by Philippe Bouchet and Jean-Pierre Rocroi is currently the most up-to-date overall system for classifying gastropod mollusks...

).

2005 taxonomy

The family Cochliopidae consists of 3 subfamilies (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005

Taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005)

The taxonomy of the Gastropoda as it was revised by Philippe Bouchet and Jean-Pierre Rocroi is currently the most up-to-date overall system for classifying gastropod mollusks...

):

• Cochliopinae Tryon
  George Washington Tryon
  George Washington Tryon, Jr. was an American malacologist who worked at the Academy of Natural Sciences in Philadelphia.- Biography :George Washington Tryon was the son of Edward K. Tryon and Adeline Savidt...
  
  , 1866 - synonyms: Mexithaumatinae D. W. Taylor, 1966, Paludiscalinae D. W. Taylor, 1966
• Littoridininae Thiele, 1928
• Semisalsinae Guiusti & Pezzoli, 1980 - synonym: Heleobiini Bernasconi, 1991

Genera

Liu et al. (2001) have recognized 34 genera with more than 260 species within the subfamily Cochliopinae.

Strong et al. (2008) have recognized 246 freshwater species within Cochliopidae.

Genera within the family Cochliopidae include:

subfamily Cochliopinae

• Cochliopa
  Cochliopa
  Cochliopa is a genus of freshwater snails, specifically cave snails, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Cochliopidae.Cochliopa is the type genus of the family Cochliopidae....
  
   Stimpson, 1865 - type genus of the family Cochliopidae

subfamily Littoridininae

• Antrobia Hubricht, 1971 - with the only species Antrobia culveri Hubricht, 1971 - Tumbling Creek cavesnail
  Tumbling Creek cavesnail
  The Tumbling Creek cavesnail, Antrobia culveri, is a species of freshwater cave snail with gills and an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Cochliopidae.Antrobia culveri is the only species in the genus Antrobia....
  
  
• Littoridina
  Littoridina
  Littoridina is a genus of small freshwater snails with a gill and an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Hydrobiidae.-Species:Species within the genus Littoridina include::* Littoridina australis - syn...
  
   Souleyet, 1852
• Pseudotryonia Hershler, 2001
  • Pseudotryonia adamantina
  • Pseudotryonia alamosae
  • Pseudotryonia brevissima
  • Pseudotryonia grahamae
  • Pseudotryonia mica Hershler, Liu & Landye, 2011
  • Pseudotryonia pasajae Hershler, Liu & Landye, 2011
• Tryonia
  Tryonia
  Tryonia is a genus of mostly minute freshwater snails with an operculum. These are aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Cochliopidae.This genus has been traditionally placed within family Hydrobiidae.-Species:...
  
   Stimpson, 1865

subfamily Semisalsinae

• Heleobia
  Heleobia
  Heleobia is a genus of small freshwater and brackish water snails with a gill and an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Cochliopidae and the superfamily Rissooidea.-Species:Species within the genus Heleobia include:...
  
   Stimpson, 1865
• Semisalsa Radoman, 1974

subfamily ?

• Chorrobius Hershler, Liu & Landye, 2011 - with the only species Chorrobius crassilabrum Hershler, Liu & Landye, 2011
• Dyris Conrad, 1871 - it has extant species and also 26 species in Miocene Pebas Formation
• Eremopyprgus Hershler, 1999
  • Eremopyrgus eganensis Hershler, 1999
• † Feliconcha Wesselingh, Anderson & Kadolsky, 2006 - two species from Miocene of the Pebas Formation
  • Feliconcha feliconcha Wesselingh, Anderson & Kadolsky, 2006
  • Feliconcha reticulata Wesselingh, Anderson & Kadolsky, 2006
• (probably extant) Glabertryonia Wesselingh, Anderson & Kadolsky, 2006 - three species
  • † Glabertryonia glabra Wesselingh, Anderson & Kadolsky, 2006 - from Miocene of the Pebas Formation
  • † Glabertryonia sp. 1 - from Pliocene of the Las Piedras Formation
  • (probably extant) Glabertryonia sp. 2 - from Holocene of Surinam, probably extant
• Minckleyella Hershler, Liu & Landye, 2011 - with the only species Minckleyella balnearis Hershler, Liu & Landye, 2011
• Onobops
  Onobops
  Onobops is a genus of very small aquatic snails, operculate gastropod mollusks in the family Cochliopidae or in the Hydrobiidae.-Species:Species within the genus Onobops include:...
  
   Thompson, 1968
• Pyrgophorus
  Pyrgophorus
  Pyrgophorus is a genus of very small freshwater snails with a gill and an operculum, aquatic gastropod molluscs in the family Hydrobiidae. They- Species :Species in the genus Pyrgophorus include:* Pyrgophorus parvulus...
  
   Ancey, 1888

Cladogram

A cladogram

Cladogram

A cladogram is a diagram used in cladistics which shows ancestral relations between organisms, to represent the evolutionary tree of life. Although traditionally such cladograms were generated largely on the basis of morphological characters, DNA and RNA sequencing data and computational...

 based on sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome-c oxidase I

Main subunit of cytochrome c oxidase

Cytochrome C and Quinol oxidase polypeptide I is main subunit of cytochrome c oxidase complex.Cytochrome c oxidase is a key enzyme in aerobic metabolism. Proton pumping heme-copper oxidases represent the terminal, energy-transfer enzymes of respiratory chains in prokaryotes and eukaryotes...

 (COI) genes showing phylogenic relations of species within Cochliopidae:

Further reading

• Hershler R., Davis C. L., Kitting C. L & Liu H.-P. (2007). "Discovery of introduced and cryptogenic cochliopid gastropods in the San Francisco Estuary, California". Journal of Molluscan Studies
  Journal of Molluscan Studies
  The Journal of Molluscan Studies is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research in malacology.Previous names of this journal include Proceedings of the Malacological Society, Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London The Journal of Molluscan Studies is a peer-reviewed scientific...
  
   73(4): 323-332. PDF.
• Hershler R. & Thompson F. G. (1992). "A Review of the Aquatic Gastropod Subfamily Cochliopinae (Prosobranchia: Hydrobiidae)". Malacological Review, Supplement 5: 1-140. pages 16-18.

External links

• Cochliopidae on WoRMS