Cynoglossum
Encyclopedia
There are many species
in the plant genus
Cynoglossum (icon). They are coarse-appearing, small-flowered plants of the family Boraginaceae
. Cynoglossum officinale, the common hound's-tongue, is a native of Asia
, Africa
, and Europe
. It has been introduced into North America
, and it is considered to be a troublesome weed because its burs stick to the wool
of sheep and to other animals. Ingestion of this plant can also lead to photosensitivity in grazing animals.
Cynoglossum virginianum, known as Wild comfrey, is a common plant from New York
to Florida
. Cynoglossum boreale occurs in the northern United States
as far west as Minnesota
and in Canada
.
Cynoglossum amabile, known as Chinese Forget-me-not and Chinese Hound's Tongue, originally a wildflower from Southwest China
, is now found in Europe
and North America
.
In Iran
there are 3 species of this plant from which Cynoglossum tehranicum is only found in Iran.
Species
In biology, a species is one of the basic units of biological classification and a taxonomic rank. A species is often defined as a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring. While in many cases this definition is adequate, more precise or differing measures are...
in the plant genus
Genus
In biology, a genus is a low-level taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, which is an example of definition by genus and differentia...
Cynoglossum (icon). They are coarse-appearing, small-flowered plants of the family Boraginaceae
Boraginaceae
Boraginaceae, the Borage or Forget-me-not family, include a variety of shrubs, trees, and herbs, totaling about 2,000 species in 146 genera found worldwide.A number of familiar plants belong to this family....
. Cynoglossum officinale, the common hound's-tongue, is a native of Asia
Asia
Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres. It covers 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area and with approximately 3.879 billion people, it hosts 60% of the world's current human population...
, Africa
Africa
Africa is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area...
, and Europe
Europe
Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
. It has been introduced into North America
North America
North America is a continent wholly within the Northern Hemisphere and almost wholly within the Western Hemisphere. It is also considered a northern subcontinent of the Americas...
, and it is considered to be a troublesome weed because its burs stick to the wool
Wool
Wool is the textile fiber obtained from sheep and certain other animals, including cashmere from goats, mohair from goats, qiviut from muskoxen, vicuña, alpaca, camel from animals in the camel family, and angora from rabbits....
of sheep and to other animals. Ingestion of this plant can also lead to photosensitivity in grazing animals.
Cynoglossum virginianum, known as Wild comfrey, is a common plant from New York
New York
New York is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east...
to Florida
Florida
Florida is a state in the southeastern United States, located on the nation's Atlantic and Gulf coasts. It is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the north by Alabama and Georgia and to the east by the Atlantic Ocean. With a population of 18,801,310 as measured by the 2010 census, it...
. Cynoglossum boreale occurs in the northern United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
as far west as Minnesota
Minnesota
Minnesota is a U.S. state located in the Midwestern United States. The twelfth largest state of the U.S., it is the twenty-first most populous, with 5.3 million residents. Minnesota was carved out of the eastern half of the Minnesota Territory and admitted to the Union as the thirty-second state...
and in Canada
Canada
Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
.
Cynoglossum amabile, known as Chinese Forget-me-not and Chinese Hound's Tongue, originally a wildflower from Southwest China
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
, is now found in Europe
Europe
Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
and North America
North America
North America is a continent wholly within the Northern Hemisphere and almost wholly within the Western Hemisphere. It is also considered a northern subcontinent of the Americas...
.
In Iran
Iran
Iran , officially the Islamic Republic of Iran , is a country in Southern and Western Asia. The name "Iran" has been in use natively since the Sassanian era and came into use internationally in 1935, before which the country was known to the Western world as Persia...
there are 3 species of this plant from which Cynoglossum tehranicum is only found in Iran.
Selected species
- Cynoglossum amabileCynoglossum amabileCynoglossum amabile is a flowering plant native to Asia , which is also called Chinese hound's tongue , or Chinese forget-me-not . This plant is often used as an ornamental plant in gardens...
- Chinese hound's tongue, Chinese forget-me-not - Cynoglossum apenninum
- Cynoglossum australe - Australian hound's tongue
- Cynoglossum boreale - northern wild comfrey
- Cynoglossum castellanum
- Cynoglossum cheirifolium
- Cynoglossum clandestinum
- Cynoglossum columnae
- Cynoglossum creticum - blue hound's tongue
- Cynoglossum dioscoridis
- Cynoglossum furcatum - Indian hound's tongue
- Cynoglossum germanicum - green hound's tongue
- Cynoglossum glochidiatum - prickly hound's tongue
- Cynoglossum grandeCynoglossum grandeCynoglossum grande is a species of flowering plant in the borage family known by the common name Pacific hound's tongue. It is native to western North America from British Columbia to California, where it grows in shady areas in woodland and chaparral...
- Pacific hound's tongue - Cynoglossum hungaricum
- Cynoglossum magellense
- Cynoglossum microglochin - smallbristle hound's tongue
- Cynoglossum nervosum - hairy hound's tongue
- Cynoglossum occidentaleCynoglossum occidentaleCynoglossum occidentale is a species of flowering plant in the borage family known by the common name western hound's tongue. It is native to Oregon and northern California, where it is a resident of the coniferous understory in the mountains. This is a perennial plant with hairy stems which may...
- western hound's tongue - Cynoglossum officinaleCynoglossum officinaleCynoglossum officinale is a herbaceous plant of the family Boraginaceae, found in most parts of Europe, and also North America where it was accidentally introduced.-Growth:It can be either annual or biennial, with reddish-purple flowers blooming between May and...
- common hound's tongue, gypsyflower - Cynoglossum reverchonii
- Cynoglossum rotatum
- Cynoglossum sphacioticum h. riedl.
- Cynoglossum suaveolens - sweet hound's-tongue
- Cynoglossum tehranicum = Cynoglossum montanum = Cynoglossum nebrodense - mountain hound's tongue.
- Cynoglossum virginianum - wild comfrey
- Cynoglossum zeylanicum - Ceylon hound's tongue