DNA database
Encyclopedia
A DNA database or DNA databank is a database
of DNA
data. A DNA database can be used in the analysis of genetic diseases, genetic fingerprinting
for criminology
, or genetic genealogy
. DNA databases may be public
or private. These databases do not normally hold DNA
except for a short time. DNA fingerprints or DNA profiles are made from the DNA and these are held electronically in the DNA database
The largest DNA database in the world is CODIS, followed by the United Kingdom National DNA Database, and thirdly a California
n DNA database (its records are included in CODIS).
The Australia
n criminal DNA database is called the National Criminal Investigation DNA Database (NCIDD) and the Canadian
equivalent is the National DNA Data Bank (NDDB)
is a government database
of DNA profiles against which law enforcement agencies can match suspect DNA.
A genetic genealogy database is a DNA database of genealogical DNA test
results.
A medical DNA database is a DNA database of medically relevant genetic variations http://www.sciencemag.org/content/287/5456/1184.2.full.
databases warn that the various uses of the technology can pose a threat to an individual's civil liberties . For example the personal information included in the genetic material regards to all of the person's health-related data, including markers that identify various genetic diseases and behavioral traits such as aggression, were this to become possible.
Some citizens worry that there will be a repeat of the Social Security
program expansion of becoming a national identifier. The government would have very personal bodily information at their disposal, and some fear it would misuse the data .
Database
A database is an organized collection of data for one or more purposes, usually in digital form. The data are typically organized to model relevant aspects of reality , in a way that supports processes requiring this information...
of DNA
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms . The DNA segments that carry this genetic information are called genes, but other DNA sequences have structural purposes, or are involved in...
data. A DNA database can be used in the analysis of genetic diseases, genetic fingerprinting
Genetic fingerprinting
DNA profiling is a technique employed by forensic scientists to assist in the identification of individuals by their respective DNA profiles. DNA profiles are encrypted sets of numbers that reflect a person's DNA makeup, which can also be used as the person's identifier...
for criminology
Criminology
Criminology is the scientific study of the nature, extent, causes, and control of criminal behavior in both the individual and in society...
, or genetic genealogy
Genetic genealogy
Genetic genealogy is the application of genetics to traditional genealogy. Genetic genealogy involves the use of genealogical DNA testing to determine the level of genetic relationship between individuals.-History:...
. DNA databases may be public
National DNA database
A national DNA database is a government database of DNA profiles which can be used by law enforcement agencies to identify suspects of crimes....
or private. These databases do not normally hold DNA
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms . The DNA segments that carry this genetic information are called genes, but other DNA sequences have structural purposes, or are involved in...
except for a short time. DNA fingerprints or DNA profiles are made from the DNA and these are held electronically in the DNA database
The largest DNA database in the world is CODIS, followed by the United Kingdom National DNA Database, and thirdly a California
California
California is a state located on the West Coast of the United States. It is by far the most populous U.S. state, and the third-largest by land area...
n DNA database (its records are included in CODIS).
The Australia
Australia
Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
n criminal DNA database is called the National Criminal Investigation DNA Database (NCIDD) and the Canadian
Canada
Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
equivalent is the National DNA Data Bank (NDDB)
Types
A national DNA databaseNational DNA database
A national DNA database is a government database of DNA profiles which can be used by law enforcement agencies to identify suspects of crimes....
is a government database
Government database
Government databases collect personal information for various reasons .-Canada:...
of DNA profiles against which law enforcement agencies can match suspect DNA.
A genetic genealogy database is a DNA database of genealogical DNA test
Genealogical DNA test
A genealogical DNA test examines the nucleotides at specific locations on a person's DNA for genetic genealogy purposes. The test results are not meant to have any informative medical value and do not determine specific genetic diseases or disorders ; they are intended only to give genealogical...
results.
A medical DNA database is a DNA database of medically relevant genetic variations http://www.sciencemag.org/content/287/5456/1184.2.full.
Privacy Issues
Critics of DNADNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms . The DNA segments that carry this genetic information are called genes, but other DNA sequences have structural purposes, or are involved in...
databases warn that the various uses of the technology can pose a threat to an individual's civil liberties . For example the personal information included in the genetic material regards to all of the person's health-related data, including markers that identify various genetic diseases and behavioral traits such as aggression, were this to become possible.
Some citizens worry that there will be a repeat of the Social Security
Social Security (United States)
In the United States, Social Security refers to the federal Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance program.The original Social Security Act and the current version of the Act, as amended encompass several social welfare and social insurance programs...
program expansion of becoming a national identifier. The government would have very personal bodily information at their disposal, and some fear it would misuse the data .